The document discusses prepositional phrases, adjective phrases, and adverb phrases. Adjective phrases describe nouns and answer questions like "which one" or "what kind." Adverb phrases modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs and describe how, when, where, why, or to what extent. The position of a phrase in a sentence determines if it is automatically an adjective or adverb. Adverb phrases can be moved to the beginning or end of a sentence, while adjective phrases cannot be moved. Examples are provided to illustrate adjective and adverb phrases.