This lesson is about water resources.

1. GEOTHERMAL &
HYDROELECTRIC
ENERGIES
Earth Science –

2. Learning Competencies
• Explain how heat from inside the
Earth (geothermal) and from
flowing water (hydroelectric) is
tapped as a source of energy for
human use.
• Recognize how water is
distributed on Earth.

3. GEOTHERMAL
ENERGY

4. GEOTHERMAL
ENERGY
• The adjective geothermal comes
from the Greek words geo meaning
“earth” and thermos which means
“heat”. It is a renewable resource
that can be harvested for human
use.

5. GEOTHERMAL
ENERGY
• Geothermal energy is
heat stored deep
inside the earth or
occasionally in hot
springs.

6. FILM VIEWING
• You’re going to
watch a video
presentation
about how
geothermal
energy works.

8. GEOTHERMAL
ENERGY
• In winter, a closed loop of
buried pipes circulates a fluid,
which extracts heat from the
ground and carries it to a heat
pump, which transfers the heat
to a home’s heat distribution
system.

9. GEOTHERMAL
ENERGY
• However, in summer,
this system works in
reverse, removing heat
from a home’s interior
and storing it in the
ground.

12. GEOTHERMAL
ENERGY
C
O
O
L
I
N
G
H
E
A
T
I
N
G

13. PROCESS QUESTION
• Based on the illustrations
presented on the previous
slides about geothermal
energy, do you think it is
safe to use this geothermal
heat pump system? How
can it affect the
environment?

14. GEOTHERMAL
ENERGY
• According to the EPA (Environmental
Protection Agency), well-designed
geothermal heat pump system is the
most energy-efficient, reliable,
environmentally clean, and cost-
effective way to heat or cool a space,
second only to superinsulation.

15. ITS TRIVIA TIME!
• The Philippines currently
has seven geothermal
fields which supply about
12 percent of the nation’s
energy, with a long-term
plan to nearly double
capacity by 2040.

16. HYDROELECTRIC
ENERGY

17. HYDROELECTRIC
ENERGY
• Hydroelectric or also
known as hydropower
uses kinetic energy of
flowing and falling
water to produce
electricity.

18. HYDROELECTRIC
ENERGY
The most common
approach to harnessing
hydropower is to build a
high dam across a large
river to create a reservoir.

20. ITS TRIVIA TIME!
Hydropower is the
worlds’ leading
renewable energy
source used to
produce electricity.

21. HYDROELECTRIC
ENERGY
• There is a growing concern over
emission of methane, a potent
greenhouse gas, from the
decomposition of submerged vegetation
in hydropower plant reservoirs,
especially in warm climates.

22. HYDROELECTRIC
ENERGY
• The use of micro
hydropower
generators may
become an
increasingly important
way to produce
electricity

23. HYDROELECTRIC
ENERGY
• They use the power of
flowing water to turn
rotor blades, which
spin a turbine to
produce electric
current.

24. PROCESS QUESTION
Based on the figure of
micro hydropower
generators, where is
its usually used here
in the Philippines?
Explain.

25. FILM VIEWING
• You’re going to
watch a video
presentation
about how
Hydroelectric
energy works.

27. ACTIVITY

28. ACTIVITY
ACTIVITY: TABLE
COMPLETION
Directions: Fill up the table
below about the advantage
and disadvantage of using
geothermal and hydroelectric
energies in environment,
economy, and society.

29. WATER

30. WATER
• We live on a water
planet, with a precious
layer of water – most of it
saltwater – covering
about 71% of the earth’s
surface.

31. WATER RESOURCES

32. Saltwate
r
Lake Ice
Wetlands Rivers Groundwater
DIFFERENT WATER RESOURCES

33. 1. SALT WATER – 97%

34. SALTWATER
• The majority of water
on Earth is salty!
Chloride and sodium
are the most abundant
ions found in saltwater.

35. PROCESS QUESTION
• What process is
being used when
saltwater turns into
freshwater?

36. 2. ICE – 2.06%

37. ICE
• Most of the freshwater
on the Earth is frozen!
Ice is made of
freshwater, even ice
floating in oceans and
seas.

38. 3. GROUNDWATER –
0.9%

39. GROUNDWATER
• Nearly anywhere you
can stand on the
Earth’s surface, there
is water in the ground
underneath your feet.

40. 4. LAKES – 0.008%

41. LAKES
• Lakes are just one
type of surface-water
– water that is easily
accessible and visible
on the surface of the
Earth.

42. 5. WETLANDS – 0.001%

43. WETLANDS
• Wetlands occur in areas
where water covers the
soil for varying periods
of time.

44. 6. RIVERS – 0.0002%

45. RIVERS
• Rivers form where water
flows downhill, due to
gravity, making a journey
from the tops of mountains
to the sea.

46. ACTIVITY

47. ACTIVITY
Directions: There are six different water
resources that we discussed. These are
the saltwater, ice, groundwater, lakes,
rivers, and wetlands. Identify and
describe at least one (1) example for
each water resources that we have
discussed.
Note: As much as possible, the
setting/location of the examples that you
are going to identify and describe is in
the Philippines. (for ice, you can cite on
the other country)

48. REFERENCES
Book:
• Miller, G. et al. (2016). Earth Science. Rex Book
Store, Inc. Nicanor Reyes Sr. St., Sampaloc, Manila
Online:
• Yehia, Y. (2018). Geothermal and Hydroelectric
Energies. Retrieved from
https://globaledge.msu.edu/blog/post/55551/geother
mal-and-hydroelectric-energy
• Retrieved from https://www.aslo.org/what-is-aquatic-
science/earths-water-resources/