Drama originated from the Greek word "dran" meaning to do or act. It tells a story through dialogue and action intended for performance before an audience. The key elements of drama include characters, plot, theme, dialogue, setting, and technical elements like costumes, lighting, and props. Aristotle identified six essential elements - plot, theme, characters, dialogue, music/rhythm, and spectacle. Modern drama also considers elements like genre, convention, and the audience. Performance elements involve an actor's use of voice, body, and facial expressions to bring a character to life for the audience.

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11. elements of drama

12. ELEMENTS OF
DRAMA

13. WHAT IS DRAMA?

14. DRAMA
comes from the Greek word "Dran," which
means to do or to act. It is a composition in
verse or prose form that presents a story
entirely told in dialogue and action.
It is written with the intention of its eventual
performance before the audience.

15. Structure of a Drama
Exposition
Rising Action
Climax
Falling Action
Resolution

16. ELEMENTS OF DRAMA
Presented by: Eleanor Fitzgerald

17. Technical Elements
Literary Elements
Three major areas
namely:
Performance
Elements

18. ARISTOTLE'S SIX
LITERARY ELEMENTS

20. Aristotle considered these six things to be essential to good drama:
• Plot
• Theme
• Characters
• Dialogue
• Music/Rhythm
• Spectacle

21. PLOT
The plot lays out the series of events
that form the entirety of the play. It
serves as a structural framework that
brings the events to a cohesive form and
sense.

24. THEME
The theme is considered the unifying
element that defines the dramatized idea
of the play. It is the overall sense of
implication of the action.

25. THEME

26. CHARACTERS
Characters are the people in the play and
are thus considered as the principal
material in a drama.

28. DIALOGUE
Dialogue is a conversation between the
characters. It is through the dialogues between
characters that the story can be understood. They
are essential in revealing the personalities of the
characters.

30. MUSIC/RHYTHM
While music is often featured in the
drama, in this case, Aristotle was
referring to the rhythm of the actors'
voices as they speak.

31. SPECTACLE
Refers to the visual elements of the
play. (sets, costumes, special effects)

32. MODERN THEATER

33. MODERN THEATRE
The list of essential elements in modern theater is as follows:
• characters
• plot
• theme
• dialogue
• setting
• convention
• genre
• audience

34. SETTING
Setting identifies the:
• time and place
• historical period, the moment, day, and season in
which the incidents take place
• sceneries in the performance, which are usually
found in the preliminary descriptions.

35. CONVENTION
These are strategies and methods
used by the playwright and director
to create the desired stylistic effect.

36. GENRE
Genre refers to the type of play.
Examples of different genres include
comedy, tragedy, mystery, and
historical play.

37. This is the group of people who
watch the play. Many
playwrights and actors consider
the audience to be the most
crucial element of drama.
AUDIENCE

38. TECHNICAL ELEMENTS

39. SCENERY (SET)
These are theatrical equipment
such as curtains, flats,
backdrops, or platforms used in
a dramatic production to
communicate surroundings.

40. SCENERY (SET)
Les Miserables

41. COSTUMES
Clothing, masks, and
accessories worn by actors
to portray character and
period.

42. COSTUMES

43. PROPERTIES
• also known as props, any article
except costume or scenery, used
as part of a dramatic production
• any movable objects that appear
on stage during the performance,
from a telephone to a train.

44. PROPS

45. LIGHTS
• the placement, intensity, and color of
lights to help communicate environment,
mood, or feeling

46. SOUNDS
• the effects an audience hears during
the performance to communicate
character, context, or environment

47. MAKE-UP
• Includes costumes, wigs, and body
paint used to transform an actor into
a character.

48. PERFORMANCE
ELEMENTS

49. • Acting: Use of face, body, and voice to portray the
character
• Character Analysis: examining how the elements of
drama are used
• Empathy: The capacity to relate to the feelings of
another
• Speaking: The mode of expression or delivery of lines
• Breath control: Proper use of the lungs and
diaphragm muscle.

50. • Vocal expression: How an actor uses their voice
• Inflection: Change in pitch or loudness of the voice.
• Projection: How well the voice carries to the
audience
• Speaking style: The mode of expression or delivery
of lines

51. • Diction: Selection and pronunciation of words;
clarity of speech.
• Gestures: movement of the actor’s body to convey
meaning
• Facial expression: Physical and vocal aspects used
by an actor