This document discusses the key elements of drama. It begins by defining drama as a story enacted on stage for a live audience, composed in dialogue rather than meant to be read. It then covers the two main types of drama - comedy, which typically has a happy ending and focuses on human weaknesses, and tragedy, which shows the downfall of a tragic hero and emphasizes human greatness. The rest of the document outlines the main elements of drama, including plot, characters, setting, theme, language, climax/resolution, music and spectacle, costumes, scenery and lighting. It categorizes the elements of drama into literary elements, technical elements, and performance elements.

1. Hum 1 - Art appreciation
Mr. Christian Angelo S. Soreta

2. THE DRAMA

3. THALIA AND MELPOMENE
• The name Melpomene represents
the tragedy mask or Muse of
Tragedy and the
name Thalia represents the
comedy mask or Muse of
Comedy
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4. “
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Brief History of Drama
• The word drama is taken
from the word “dran”
which means to move or to
act.
• The ancient Greeks held a
dramatic competition at the
Festival of Dionysus each
year.

5. What is drama?
• A drama is a story enacted
onstage for a live audience.
• It is a kind of story
composed in dialogue not to
be read but to be watched
because it is acted on stage.
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6. What is drama?
• The dramatization is a very
important element of a play.
• The dramatist also creates a
cast of characters to dramatize
his ideas because time is
limited in a play.
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7. TWO TYPES
OF DRAMA
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8. COMEDY
• Usually shows a conflict
between a young hero and
an older authority.
• Typical comedies involve
confusion, jokes, and a
happy ending.
• Stresses human weaknesses.
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9. TRAGEDY
• Shows the downfall or death of
a tragic hero or main character.
• The hero can be an normal
person destroyed by an evil in
society.
• Emphasizes human greatness.
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10. Elements of
drama
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11. Elements of drama
• Drama has the same elements as in
a short story. It has plot, character,
setting and theme.
• It also utilizes the elements of
thought, language,
climax/denouement, music and
spectacle, costume and make-up,
and scenery and lighting.
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12. 1. Plot
• It means a summary of the play
story.
• It is the sequence of events where
each affects the next one through
the principle of cause-and-effect.
• It is similar in meaning to the term
storyline.
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13. Dramatic Structure
Like the plot of the story, the plot of a play involves characters who
face a problem or conflict.
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14. 2. Character
▣ The people in the play appears as real to
hold the interest of the audience. The
characters have a important role in
plays:
1. Protagonist – the main character
2. Antagonist – the person opposing the
protagonist.
3. Side kick – a close
companion/colleague/subordinate to the
one they accompany.
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15. 3. SETTING
• This element provides the
particular time and place of
the action that found in he
various scenes in the play.
• The audience is moved by
what he sees and what he
hears in the play.
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16. 4. THEME
• This element of drama gives
what the story means.
• It is the heart or main focus
of a play.
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17. 5. Thought
• This element refers to the
ideas and the comments in
human experience that are
directly or indirectly stated.
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18. 6. LANGUAGE
• This element of drama refers to the
dramatic dialogue. It may be in prose
or in verse:
A. Prose
1. Naturalistic Dialogue
2. Rhetorical Dialogue
B. Verse Dialogue
- Uses poetry foe the purpose of drama.
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19. 7. CLIMAX / DENOUEMENT
• This element of drama refers to the
accumulated suspense that stirs the
most intense feelings.
• In the denouement or the final part
of the play that follows the climax,
the conflict is brought to an end.
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20. 8. MUSIC AND SPECTACLE
• This element of drama refers to
the “background” music, the
speech and movement.
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21. 9. COSTUME AND MAKE - UP
• This element of drama refers to
the clothes worn by the actors of
the play.
• The audience is attracted or
moved by sights that they see on
stage.
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22. 10. SCENERY AND LIGHTING
• The elements includes the
backdrops or large props which
should be real.
• Lighting on a particular item or
area on stage, to make it stand out
or for aesthetic reasons, rather
than to light an actor or
functional area.
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23. Elements of drama
The element of drama, by which dramatic works can be analysed and
evaluated, can be categorized into three major areas:
1. Literary Elements – consist of plot, theme, characters, dialogue,
music and spectacle, genre and audience
2. Technical Elements – consist of scenery, costumes, lights, sound
and make-up
3. Performance Elements – consist of acting, character motivation,
character analysis, and empathy.
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24. “
Quotations are commonly printed as a
means of inspiration and to invoke
philosophical thoughts from the reader.
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