This document discusses analyzing student-created media projects using relevant media theories. It provides guidance for two assignment questions: 1) Analyzing skills development through two of the student's own media productions, and 2) Evaluating their work in relation to concepts like genre, narrative or representation. It introduces music video theorist Carol Vernallis and her identification of four key concepts for analyzing music videos: narrative, editing, camera movements/framing, and diegesis (story world). Students are prompted to apply Vernallis' concepts to analyze an example video and their own work. They are also asked to compare Vernallis' theory to ideas from another theorist, Goodwin, and evaluate which theory better describes their video.

1. G325
Question 1 – Analysing things you have created.
(Thriller opening, music video).
Question 2 – Analysing things others have created
(Media and Collective Identity).
LO: To analyse a self made music video by applying theory
where appropriate. To evaluate a theory
Question 1(a) asks students to describe their skills
development and will consequently need discussion of at least two
productions.
Question 1(b) is specific to one production piece. The second
question will require students to evaluate their work in relation to
one of the following concepts- genre, narrative, representation,
audience and media language.

2. CAROL VERNALLIS
Music Video
Theorist based
on the ideas of
music editing.
Identified four
main concepts.
Prediction
Assuming they are related to
Goodwin’s ideas, what might
you guess her thinking
involved?
LO: To analyse a self made music video by applying theory
where appropriate. To evaluate a theory.

3. CAROL VERNALLIS
Music Video
Theorist based
on the ideas of
music editing.
Identified four
main concepts.
LO: To analyse a self made music video by applying theory
where appropriate. To evaluate a theory.
These concepts are:
• Narrative
• Editing
• Camera Movement and Framing
• Diegesis
How might you link these concepts to
Goodwin? What is the relationship between
the two theorists’ work?

4. Narrative
Music Video
Theorist based
on the ideas of
music editing.
Identified four
main concepts.
LO: To analyse a self made music video by applying theory
where appropriate. To evaluate a theory.
Vernallis suggests that the video is a
visual response to the narrative of the
song. Therefore, whatever is happening
on screen reflects the choice of lyrics
that the artist is singing. She then goes
on to say how the narrative may not
always be complete and can be partial
with the video appearing disjointed,
disconnected and fragmented. The video
has something driving it forward but
this may not necessarily be the
narrative, it could be the music itself or
other elements in the video.

5. Narrative
Music Video
Theorist based
on the ideas of
music editing.
Identified four
main concepts.
LO: To analyse a self made music video by applying theory
where appropriate. To evaluate a theory.
However, if the video is left
uncompleted it can lead to many
questions about the narrative that won't
always be answered throughout the
video. Finally, although the video may
have a theme or narrative, it is probably
displayed in a montage style, rather than
in one clear focus.
• Does Vernallis’ idea apply to last
lesson’s real video?
• Does it apply to yours?
• Does this idea agree with elements of
Goodwin?

6. Editing
Music Video
Theorist based
on the ideas of
music editing.
Identified four
main concepts.
LO: To analyse a self made music video by applying theory
where appropriate. To evaluate a theory.
Vernallis states that a clear convention
of music editing is that the video may
disrupt or break the conventions of
continuity editing. The editing may also
be bought to the foreground, become
visible and not hidden. This is opposed to
the invisible style of continuity editing.
This means that the video will have a
style of editing running throughout that
is distinctive to that video.

7. Editing
Music Video
Theorist based
on the ideas of
music editing.
Identified four
main concepts.
LO: To analyse a self made music video by applying theory
where appropriate. To evaluate a theory.
Examples of editing you might see in
music videos include:
• Jump Cuts
• Breaks of the 180 Degree Rule
• Cutting with the lyrics
• Extreme changes in pace
• Juxtaposed Frames
• Graphic Matches
Again, what evidence do you have of this
in the example video and in your own?
Does this link with or oppose Goodwin?

8. Camera movements and
framing
Music Video
Theorist based
on the ideas of
music editing.
Identified four
main concepts.
LO: To analyse a self made music video by applying theory
where appropriate. To evaluate a theory.
Vernallis states that establishing shots
are one of the key camera features of a
music video and are used frequently
throughout a music video as well as close
up shots. The style of framing of the
video again is quite distinctive to the
video and also the camera may move in
time with the lyrics. Extreme long shots,
also known as master shots, are also
very common.
Again, what evidence do you have of this
in the example video and in your own?
Does this link with or oppose Goodwin?

9. Diegesis
Music Video
Theorist based
on the ideas of
music editing.
Identified four
main concepts.
LO: To analyse a self made music video by applying theory
where appropriate. To evaluate a theory.
Diegesis is the telling of a story by a
narrator. In terms of media, the
diegesis is the constructed world of the
music video. Carol Vernallis explains how
the diegesis will be revealed quite slowly.
The actions in the video won't always be
completed and may be disrupted in some
way. There will be many repetitions
throughout the video and some frames
will appear more important than others
due to the way they have been
shot/framed. NOTE – this applies even
in performance/concept videos.

10. Diegesis
Music Video
Theorist based
on the ideas of
music editing.
Identified four
main concepts.
LO: To analyse a self made music video by applying theory
where appropriate. To evaluate a theory.
Break down the diegesis of the example
music video.
Then do it for your own – how can you
include this in an exam answer?
Watch one another’s videos and evaluate
them using Vernallis’s theory – how do
you as a viewer perceive the narrative?
How is it revealed?

11. Vernallis vs Goodwin
Music Video
Theorist based
on the ideas of
music editing.
Identified four
main concepts.
LO: To analyse a self made music video by applying theory
where appropriate. To evaluate a theory.
Create a chart with two columns and use
it to compare the key points of the two
theories.
Where do they build on one another?
Where do the oppose one another?
Using you own video as evidence,
compare the two theories and evaluate
which one describes your video better.
Add this to the response you are already
doing for homework.