Lesson 1_Disease and Infection.pdf
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This document discusses disease and infection. It defines major pathogens like bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. It also outlines the stages of disease including incubation, prodromal, illness, decline and convalescence periods. Key signs and symptoms of communicable diseases are mentioned. Proper handwashing, food preparation, vaccination, coughing etiquette, surface cleaning and not sharing items are recommended to prevent spread of microorganisms. The top causes of morbidity and mortality are listed, including respiratory infections, pneumonia, tuberculosis, heart disease, cancer and COVID-19. The document also discusses the three levels of disease prevention: primary, secondary and tertiary prevention. Healthy habits like choosing water, milk and a nutritious
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- 1. Lesson 1 DISEASE AND INFECTION
- 2. Infection Major Types of Pathogens • Bacteria • Viruses • Fungi • Parasites
- 3. Bacteria
- 4. Viruses
- 5. Fungi
- 6. Parasites
- 10. Prevent the Spread of Microorganisms Proper handwashing Proper food preparation Getting vaccinated
- 11. Prevent the Spread of Microorganisms Coughing into tissue or sleeve Cleaning frequently used surfaces Not sharing personal items
- 18. Incubation Prodromal Illness Decline Convalescence Time Periods of Disease
- 19. Healthy Habits Choose to Drink Water and Milk Choose Nutritious and Varied Options
- 20. incubation prodromal illness decline convalescence Infectious Diseases
- 21. • acute respiratory infection • acute lower tract infection and pneumonia • hypertension • urinary tract infection • bronchitis • influenza • acute watery diarrhea • tuberculosis, respiratory • dengue fever • tuberculosis, other forms Leading Causes of Morbidity (2014)
- 22. Leading Causes of Mortality (2020) • ischemic heart disease • neoplasms / cancer • cerebrovascular diseases (stroke, aneurysm, hemorrhage) • diabetes mellitus • pneumonia • hypertensive diseases • COVID-19 (probable cases) • chronic lower respiratory infections • other heart diseases • respiratory tuberculosis
- 23. “Prevention is Better Than Cure”
- 24. Three Levels of Prevention
- 25. Three Levels of Prevention Primary prevention includes measures that prevent the onset of disease before the disease happens. • Immunization • Regular exercise • Nutritious diet • Annual medical check-up
- 26. Secondary prevention includes measures that lead to early diagnosis and prompt treatment of a disease for at-risk persons, or early screening before a disease has a chance to develop. • Laboratory screening • Breast examination • Pap smear test Three Levels of Prevention
- 27. Tertiary prevention measures aim to re-educate and rehabilitate a person after experiencing a disease to prevent future complications. • Diet therapy for diabetics • Rehabilitation of stroke patient Three Levels of Prevention
- 28. Healthy Habits Choose to Drink Water and Milk Choose Nutritious and Varied Options