There are different types of intertidal zones including rocky shores, sandy beaches, and mangrove swamps. Each habitat presents unique challenges for organisms to adapt to, such as shifting sands or exposure to air and waves. The intertidal zone can be further divided into subzones from the spray zone to the lower intertidal zone. Organisms in each subzone have developed adaptations like thick shells or burrowing to survive in their particular environment and deal with changes from tides.
This presentation is for my school assessment on global environments. I chose coral reefs. My project explains coral reefs and the geographical processes involved with it as well.
Estuaries Ecosystem : Where River Meets Ocean
Everything about estuary ecosystem has been elaborated including Introduction, Types, Physical and Chemical Characteristics , Biota, Marsh Lands, Mangrove Forests, Food Web, Threats, Conservation, Restoration etc....
This presentation is for my school assessment on global environments. I chose coral reefs. My project explains coral reefs and the geographical processes involved with it as well.
Estuaries Ecosystem : Where River Meets Ocean
Everything about estuary ecosystem has been elaborated including Introduction, Types, Physical and Chemical Characteristics , Biota, Marsh Lands, Mangrove Forests, Food Web, Threats, Conservation, Restoration etc....
Classification of marine environment pptAshish sahu
The main divisions of the marine environment. The two primary divisions of the sea are the benthic and the pelagic. The former includes all of the ocean floor, while the latter includes the whole mass of water. ... The deep-sea system is divided into an upper (archibenthic) and a lower (abyssal-benthic) zone.
A presentation for Marine Biology about Estuaries which includes its origin, classifications, types, physical characteristics, ecosystems, and human impact. Examples of estuaries are also included in this presentation.
Seas and oceans are very huge bodies of saline waters. Their distribution and dynamics are very influential in several ways. Understanding the properties of seawater is inevitable in oceanographic studies. Seawater is one of the most fascinating and plentiful substances on the planet. The basic properties of seawater and their distribution, the interchange of properties between sea and atmosphere or land, the transmission of energy within the sea, and the geochemical laws which are governing the composition of seawater and marine sediments, are the fundamental aspects studied in the subject oceanography.
The Estuarine System consists of deepwater tidal habitats and adjacent tidal wetlands that are usually semienclosed by land but have open, partly obstructed, or sporadic access to the open ocean, and in which ocean water is at least occasionally diluted by freshwater runoff from the land. The salinity may be periodically increased above that of the open ocean by evaporation. Along some low-energy coastlines there is appreciable dilution of sea water. Offshore areas with typical estuarine plants and animals, such as red mangroves (Rhizophora mangle) and eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica), are also included in the Estuarine System.
Marine biology Marine organisms that live on or inside the bottom, different types of beaches, and biodiversity in these different types of beaches
#Environment
Classification of marine environment pptAshish sahu
The main divisions of the marine environment. The two primary divisions of the sea are the benthic and the pelagic. The former includes all of the ocean floor, while the latter includes the whole mass of water. ... The deep-sea system is divided into an upper (archibenthic) and a lower (abyssal-benthic) zone.
A presentation for Marine Biology about Estuaries which includes its origin, classifications, types, physical characteristics, ecosystems, and human impact. Examples of estuaries are also included in this presentation.
Seas and oceans are very huge bodies of saline waters. Their distribution and dynamics are very influential in several ways. Understanding the properties of seawater is inevitable in oceanographic studies. Seawater is one of the most fascinating and plentiful substances on the planet. The basic properties of seawater and their distribution, the interchange of properties between sea and atmosphere or land, the transmission of energy within the sea, and the geochemical laws which are governing the composition of seawater and marine sediments, are the fundamental aspects studied in the subject oceanography.
The Estuarine System consists of deepwater tidal habitats and adjacent tidal wetlands that are usually semienclosed by land but have open, partly obstructed, or sporadic access to the open ocean, and in which ocean water is at least occasionally diluted by freshwater runoff from the land. The salinity may be periodically increased above that of the open ocean by evaporation. Along some low-energy coastlines there is appreciable dilution of sea water. Offshore areas with typical estuarine plants and animals, such as red mangroves (Rhizophora mangle) and eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica), are also included in the Estuarine System.
Marine biology Marine organisms that live on or inside the bottom, different types of beaches, and biodiversity in these different types of beaches
#Environment
Marine ecosystems are distributed on-shore and off-shore.
The on-shore ecosystems are very typical ecosystems subjected to the everlasting action of oceanic waves and tides.
The life of on-shore ecosystems are always under the dynamic impact of various factors including human interventions.
An ecosystem is a community of living organisms in conjunction with the nonliving components of their environment, interacting as a system.
Types of Ecosystems
Terrestrial. A terrestrial ecosystem can be found in biomes only. Less water availability and its consequent...
Forest. A forest ecosystem is a natural wood land unit that consists of all microorganisms, plants, and animals...
Desert. While you may think of a desert as a dry and hot piece of land, it can also be a cool area. Disregarding the...
Grassland. Grasslands are mostly found in earth’s eco regions. They have different names in various continents.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
The increased availability of biomedical data, particularly in the public domain, offers the opportunity to better understand human health and to develop effective therapeutics for a wide range of unmet medical needs. However, data scientists remain stymied by the fact that data remain hard to find and to productively reuse because data and their metadata i) are wholly inaccessible, ii) are in non-standard or incompatible representations, iii) do not conform to community standards, and iv) have unclear or highly restricted terms and conditions that preclude legitimate reuse. These limitations require a rethink on data can be made machine and AI-ready - the key motivation behind the FAIR Guiding Principles. Concurrently, while recent efforts have explored the use of deep learning to fuse disparate data into predictive models for a wide range of biomedical applications, these models often fail even when the correct answer is already known, and fail to explain individual predictions in terms that data scientists can appreciate. These limitations suggest that new methods to produce practical artificial intelligence are still needed.
In this talk, I will discuss our work in (1) building an integrative knowledge infrastructure to prepare FAIR and "AI-ready" data and services along with (2) neurosymbolic AI methods to improve the quality of predictions and to generate plausible explanations. Attention is given to standards, platforms, and methods to wrangle knowledge into simple, but effective semantic and latent representations, and to make these available into standards-compliant and discoverable interfaces that can be used in model building, validation, and explanation. Our work, and those of others in the field, creates a baseline for building trustworthy and easy to deploy AI models in biomedicine.
Bio
Dr. Michel Dumontier is the Distinguished Professor of Data Science at Maastricht University, founder and executive director of the Institute of Data Science, and co-founder of the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) data principles. His research explores socio-technological approaches for responsible discovery science, which includes collaborative multi-modal knowledge graphs, privacy-preserving distributed data mining, and AI methods for drug discovery and personalized medicine. His work is supported through the Dutch National Research Agenda, the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, Horizon Europe, the European Open Science Cloud, the US National Institutes of Health, and a Marie-Curie Innovative Training Network. He is the editor-in-chief for the journal Data Science and is internationally recognized for his contributions in bioinformatics, biomedical informatics, and semantic technologies including ontologies and linked data.
2. There are different kinds of
intertidal habitats including
rocky shores, mangrove swamps
and sandy beaches.
Sandy beaches and mangrove
swamps require very different
adaptations from rocky shores.
There are different kinds of
intertidal habitats including
rocky shores, mangrove swamps
and sandy beaches.
Sandy beaches and mangrove
swamps require very different
adaptations from rocky shores.
3. There is a large community of organisms inhabiting most sandy
beaches, however the number of species represented is limited.
The shifting sands and rapidly changing conditions makes it
difficult to live in this habitat. Only a few species have been
successful. Those that have successfully adapted to this habitat,
enjoy lower levels of competition and can grow to larger
populations.
There is a large community of organisms inhabiting most sandy
beaches, however the number of species represented is limited.
The shifting sands and rapidly changing conditions makes it
difficult to live in this habitat. Only a few species have been
successful. Those that have successfully adapted to this habitat,
enjoy lower levels of competition and can grow to larger
populations.
4. Sandy beaches offer little substrate or solid surface to attach
to. Organisms often bury themselves in the mud to survive.
5. Rocky shores, like those at Port Noarlunga, offer little protection
from strong waves. Organisms must adhere to the substrate.
Complex tide pools are possible and seaweeds offer protection
from drying out.
Rocky shores, like those at Port Noarlunga, offer little protection
from strong waves. Organisms must adhere to the substrate.
Complex tide pools are possible and seaweeds offer protection
from drying out.
6. The intertidal zone, also known as the littoral zone or as the
foreshore and seashore , is that area between high tide and low
tide. It can be divided the following subzones – spray zone, upper
intertidal zone, mid intertidal zone and the lower intertidal zone. It
is an area that is constantly changing as the water moves in and out
with the tides. Thus organisms inhabiting this area have a variety of
adaptations that allow them to survive.
7.
8. The spray zone, or supra-littoral zone is the highest zone of true
marine life. It is usually only kept damp through wave splash.
Organisms surviving this environment include barnacles, limpets
and periwinkles (pictured).
9. Organisms exposed to the air here must be able to prevent
desiccation (or drying out).
Many have a protective covering such as a shell.
Organisms exposed to the air here must be able to prevent
desiccation (or drying out).
Many have a protective covering such as a shell.
10. The upper intertidal zone is only
covered by water at high tide. Any
algal growth is green, and the zone
is characterised by barnacles,
limpets, chitons, crabs, mussels, sea
stars and periwinkles.
11. The upper intertidal zone is an area of
high activity. As the tide flows in and out,
the area is buffeted. There is a diverse
mixture of organisms living in this zone.
The upper intertidal zone is an area of
high activity. As the tide flows in and out,
the area is buffeted. There is a diverse
mixture of organisms living in this zone.
12. Animals in more exposed locations tend to have thicker shells (e.g. turban
snails – pictured) than those in sheltered locations (e.g. pipis). Likewise,
many intertidal organisms, such as barnacles, limpets and chitons have
low profiles, close to the rocks.
13. The middle intertidal zone is regularly covered by water. Seaweed is
more prominent. Organisms in this zone include anemones
(pictured), barnacles, crabs, mussels, sea stars, gastropods and
sponges.
14. The middle intertidal zone is the most dynamic zone. It is covered and
uncovered twice per day as the tide comes in and out. Life in this zone
must tolerate both exposure to air and complete submersion.
he middle intertidal zone is the most dynamic zone. It is covered and
ncovered twice per day as the tide comes in and out. Life in this zone
must tolerate both exposure to air and complete submersion.
15. The lower intertidal
zone is usually
submerged, only being
exposed at very low
tides. The zone is
characterised by
brown algae (funnel
weed pictured – top),
encrusting sponges,
abalone, sea stars,
crabs, sea cucumbers,
gastropods and sea
urchins (pictured).
Small fish may also
inhabit the area.
16. The lower intertidal zone is the most diverse zone.
There is an abundance of different species here, including fish
and sessile feeders such as corals.
There is very little exposure to air and heat, so many
organisms can live here which cannot live in other zones.
The lower intertidal zone is the most diverse zone.
There is an abundance of different species here, including fish
and sessile feeders such as corals.
There is very little exposure to air and heat, so many
organisms can live here which cannot live in other zones.
17. The sub-tidal zone is just under the intertidal zone. This area is
very rarely exposed.
Many predatory species live here. They prey on animals in the low
tide zone. Animals here are not adapted to exposure to air, for
example fish, octopus and jellyfish.
The sub-tidal zone is just under the intertidal zone. This area is
very rarely exposed.
Many predatory species live here. They prey on animals in the low
tide zone. Animals here are not adapted to exposure to air, for
example fish, octopus and jellyfish.
19. Barnacles (pictured) attach themselves to the substrate with a
strong ‘glue’ and mussels with their byssal threads. Mobile
animals such as limpets and chitons use their muscular foot to
cling on to the reef during heavy wave action.
20. Salinity in the intertidal zone can be quite variable depending on
the amount of rainfall, and the rate of evaporation of the water.
Organisms inhabiting this area, particularly rock pools, can usually
withstand changes in salinity, and also temperature. Some animals
in rock pools will take shelter from direct sunlight under algae.
21. Animals inhabiting the intertidal zone may be restricted as to when
they can feed. Many sessile animals are filter feeders (feed on
planktonic material in the water) and thus are unable to feed when
the tide is out. Those animals that are not filter feeders may also
be restricted as they seek shelter from the elements and predators
at low tide.
