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!  Media	
  bias	
  is	
  the	
  prejudice	
  “of	
  journalists	
  and	
  news	
  
producers	
  within	
  the	
  mass	
  media	
  in	
  the	
  selection	
  of	
  
events	
  and	
  stories	
  that	
  are	
  reported	
  and	
  how	
  they	
  are	
  
covered.”	
  	
  
!  Media	
  bias	
  can	
  sometimes	
  reflect	
  the	
  agenda	
  of	
  a	
  
news	
  agency.	
  	
  
!  Our	
  ability	
  to	
  sense	
  bias	
  in	
  the	
  media	
  relies	
  on	
  our	
  
command	
  of	
  the	
  English	
  language.	
  
!  Understanding	
  how	
  language	
  can	
  sway	
  our	
  opinions	
  
is	
  an	
  important	
  component	
  of	
  reading	
  and	
  listening	
  
comprehension	
  and	
  critical	
  thinking.	
  
!  Sometimes	
  different	
  news	
  outlets	
  cover	
  stories	
  using	
  a	
  
positive	
  or	
  negative	
  tone	
  that	
  can	
  persuade	
  the	
  
audience.	
  
!  The	
  choice	
  of	
  words	
  usually	
  dictates	
  the	
  tone	
  of	
  the	
  
story.	
  
Persuasive	
  language	
  
!  Persuasive	
  language	
  is	
  
used	
  when	
  a	
  writer	
  intends	
  
to	
  convince	
  the	
  audience	
  
of	
  a	
  position	
  or	
  argument.	
  
!  Example:	
  
!  	
  “George	
  Washington	
  had	
  
wooden	
  teeth.	
  
!  The	
  verb	
  “had”	
  implies	
  
that	
  the	
  writer	
  is	
  certain	
  of	
  
Washington’s	
  wooden	
  
teeth.	
  	
  
!  Neutral	
  language	
  is	
  that	
  
which	
  expresses	
  the	
  
writer’s	
  bias	
  or	
  position	
  
minimally,	
  if	
  at	
  all.	
  	
  
!  Example:	
  
!  “It	
  is	
  rumored	
  that	
  George	
  
Washington	
  had	
  wooden	
  
teeth.”	
  	
  
!  The	
  writer	
  of	
  this	
  phrase	
  
claims	
  only	
  to	
  know	
  that	
  it	
  
has	
  been	
  said	
  that	
  
Washington	
  had	
  wooden	
  
teeth.	
  	
  
Neutral	
  language	
  
!  Euphemism	
  –	
  an	
  expression	
  or	
  word	
  that	
  makes	
  
something	
  sound	
  more	
  favorable.	
  
!  Dysphemism	
  –	
  an	
  expression	
  or	
  word	
  that	
  makes	
  
something	
  sound	
  less	
  favorable.	
  
!  Omission	
  –	
  Withholding	
  certain	
  details	
  of	
  a	
  story	
  
from	
  the	
  audience.	
  
!  Selection	
  –	
  Emphasizing	
  a	
  detail	
  or	
  details	
  in	
  a	
  story	
  
more	
  than	
  necessary.	
  
!  Sensationalism	
  –	
  Using	
  shocking	
  language	
  in	
  a	
  news	
  
story	
  in	
  order	
  to	
  excite	
  the	
  audience.	
  
!  In	
  groups	
  of	
  3	
  to	
  4,	
  
answer	
  the	
  following	
  
questions	
  in	
  response	
  to	
  
the	
  headline:	
  
!  Which	
  words	
  in	
  the	
  
headline	
  set	
  the	
  tone?	
  
!  Is	
  this	
  an	
  example	
  of	
  
euphemism	
  or	
  
dysphemism?	
  
!  Rewrite	
  the	
  headline	
  
using	
  an	
  objective	
  tone.	
  
	
  
1.  What	
  words	
  from	
  the	
  video	
  caught	
  your	
  attention?	
  
2.  What	
  images	
  in	
  the	
  video	
  caught	
  your	
  attention	
  
3.  How	
  does	
  this	
  contribute	
  to	
  your	
  feelings	
  about	
  the	
  
video	
  and	
  the	
  world?	
  
	
   	
  “Whoever	
  controls	
  the	
  media,	
  the	
  images,	
  
controls	
  the	
  culture.”	
  
	
   	
   	
  -­‐	
  Alan	
  Ginsberg	
  
	
  
!  As	
  the	
  audio	
  clip	
  plays,	
  take	
  note	
  of	
  the	
  following:	
  
!  What	
  is	
  the	
  tone	
  of	
  this	
  broadcast?	
  
!  How	
  does	
  the	
  commentator	
  use	
  sensationalism	
  to	
  set	
  
the	
  tone?	
  
!  What	
  dysphemisms	
  does	
  he	
  use	
  to	
  engage	
  the	
  
audience?	
  
!  Objective	
  -­‐	
  not	
  influenced	
  by	
  personal	
  feelings	
  or	
  
opinions	
  	
  
!  Objective	
  journalism	
  is	
  practiced	
  when	
  a	
  journalist	
  
reports	
  from	
  a	
  neutral	
  perspective.	
  It	
  occurs	
  when	
  the	
  
facts,	
  and	
  only	
  the	
  facts,	
  are	
  reported	
  for	
  what	
  they	
  
are.	
  
!  This	
  includes:	
  
!  Avoiding	
  generalizations	
  
!  Avoiding	
  superlatives	
  
!  Including	
  all	
  details	
  of	
  a	
  story	
  
!  Providing	
  evidence	
  for	
  claims	
  
 	
  
Write	
  a	
  headline	
  and	
  short	
  news	
  story	
  (5	
  to	
  7	
  
sentences),	
  in	
  third-­‐person,	
  about	
  a	
  time	
  that	
  you	
  
disagreed	
  with	
  someone.	
  Remember	
  to	
  report	
  the	
  
story	
  from	
  an	
  objective	
  point	
  of	
  view	
  using	
  neutral	
  
language	
  as	
  if	
  you	
  were	
  an	
  outsider	
  looking	
  in.	
  
	
  
	
  

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Lecture

  • 1.
  • 2. !  Media  bias  is  the  prejudice  “of  journalists  and  news   producers  within  the  mass  media  in  the  selection  of   events  and  stories  that  are  reported  and  how  they  are   covered.”     !  Media  bias  can  sometimes  reflect  the  agenda  of  a   news  agency.     !  Our  ability  to  sense  bias  in  the  media  relies  on  our   command  of  the  English  language.   !  Understanding  how  language  can  sway  our  opinions   is  an  important  component  of  reading  and  listening   comprehension  and  critical  thinking.  
  • 3. !  Sometimes  different  news  outlets  cover  stories  using  a   positive  or  negative  tone  that  can  persuade  the   audience.   !  The  choice  of  words  usually  dictates  the  tone  of  the   story.  
  • 4. Persuasive  language   !  Persuasive  language  is   used  when  a  writer  intends   to  convince  the  audience   of  a  position  or  argument.   !  Example:   !   “George  Washington  had   wooden  teeth.   !  The  verb  “had”  implies   that  the  writer  is  certain  of   Washington’s  wooden   teeth.     !  Neutral  language  is  that   which  expresses  the   writer’s  bias  or  position   minimally,  if  at  all.     !  Example:   !  “It  is  rumored  that  George   Washington  had  wooden   teeth.”     !  The  writer  of  this  phrase   claims  only  to  know  that  it   has  been  said  that   Washington  had  wooden   teeth.     Neutral  language  
  • 5. !  Euphemism  –  an  expression  or  word  that  makes   something  sound  more  favorable.   !  Dysphemism  –  an  expression  or  word  that  makes   something  sound  less  favorable.   !  Omission  –  Withholding  certain  details  of  a  story   from  the  audience.   !  Selection  –  Emphasizing  a  detail  or  details  in  a  story   more  than  necessary.   !  Sensationalism  –  Using  shocking  language  in  a  news   story  in  order  to  excite  the  audience.  
  • 6. !  In  groups  of  3  to  4,   answer  the  following   questions  in  response  to   the  headline:   !  Which  words  in  the   headline  set  the  tone?   !  Is  this  an  example  of   euphemism  or   dysphemism?   !  Rewrite  the  headline   using  an  objective  tone.    
  • 7.
  • 8. 1.  What  words  from  the  video  caught  your  attention?   2.  What  images  in  the  video  caught  your  attention   3.  How  does  this  contribute  to  your  feelings  about  the   video  and  the  world?      “Whoever  controls  the  media,  the  images,   controls  the  culture.”        -­‐  Alan  Ginsberg    
  • 9. !  As  the  audio  clip  plays,  take  note  of  the  following:   !  What  is  the  tone  of  this  broadcast?   !  How  does  the  commentator  use  sensationalism  to  set   the  tone?   !  What  dysphemisms  does  he  use  to  engage  the   audience?  
  • 10. !  Objective  -­‐  not  influenced  by  personal  feelings  or   opinions     !  Objective  journalism  is  practiced  when  a  journalist   reports  from  a  neutral  perspective.  It  occurs  when  the   facts,  and  only  the  facts,  are  reported  for  what  they   are.   !  This  includes:   !  Avoiding  generalizations   !  Avoiding  superlatives   !  Including  all  details  of  a  story   !  Providing  evidence  for  claims  
  • 11.     Write  a  headline  and  short  news  story  (5  to  7   sentences),  in  third-­‐person,  about  a  time  that  you   disagreed  with  someone.  Remember  to  report  the   story  from  an  objective  point  of  view  using  neutral   language  as  if  you  were  an  outsider  looking  in.