ICT Lectures for DIT

1. Information & Communication
Technology (ICT)
Software Design and Algorithm
DIT Part 1
Lecture 10
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2. Software
• Sometimes abbreviated as SW and S/W.
• software is a collection of instructions that
enable the user to interact with a computer.
• Its hardware, or perform tasks.
• Without software, most computers would be
useless.
• For example, without your Internet browser
software.
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3. Software
• You could not surf the Internet or read this
page and without an operating system, the
browser could not run on your computer.
• The picture to the right shows a Microsoft
Excel box, an example of a spreadsheet
software program.
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4. Software
• Software means computer instructions or
data.
• Anything that can be stored electronically is
software, in contrast to storage devices and
display devices which are called hardware.
• Software is a general term for the various
kinds of programs used to operate computers
and related devices.
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5. Software
• Software is a general term for the various
kinds of programs used to operate computers
and related devices.
• Software, is that part of a computer system
that consists of encoded information or
computer instructions, in contrast to the
physical hardware from which the system is
built.
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6. Types of software
• Software can be grouped into a few broad
categories.
• Purpose, or domain of use.
• Nature or domain of execution. (Will Study in
Coming Chapter)
• Programming tools. (Will Study in Coming Topic)
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7. Malicious software
• Malware
• which is software that is developed to harm
and disrupt computers.
• Malware can be in the form of worms, viruses,
trojans, spyware, adware and rootkits, etc
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9. Examples & Types of Software
• Below is a list of the different kinds of software a
computer may have installed with examples of
related programs.
• Click any of the links below for additional
information.
• It should be noted that although software is
thought of as a program.
• It can be anything that runs on a computer.
• The table below also includes a program column
to clarify any software that is not a program.
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10. Examples & Types of Software
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11. Examples & Types of Software
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12. The Difference Between Software and
Hardware
• The terms software and hardware are used as
both nouns and adjectives.
• For example, you can say: "The problem lies in
the software," meaning that there is a
problem with the program or data, not with
the computer itself.
• You can also say: "It is a software problem."
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13. The Difference Between Software and
Hardware
• The distinction between software and
hardware is sometimes confusing because
they are so integrally linked.
• Clearly, when you purchase a program, you
are buying software.
• But to buy the software, you need to buy the
disk (hardware) on which the software is
recorded.
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14. Purpose, or domain of use.
• Application Software
• System Software
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15. Application Software
• An application program is a computer program
designed to perform a group of coordinated functions,
tasks, or activities for the benefit of the user.
• Examples of an application include a word processor, a
spreadsheet, an accounting application, a web browser,
a media player, an aeronautical flight simulator, a
console game or a photo editor.
• The collective noun application software refers to all
applications collectively.
• This contrasts with system software, which is mainly
involved with running the computer.
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16. Different types of application software include
• Application Suite: Has multiple applications bundled
together. Related functions, features and user interfaces
interact with each other.
• Enterprise Software: Addresses an organization's needs and
data flow in a huge distributed environment
• Enterprise Infrastructure Software: Provides capabilities
required to support enterprise software systems
• Information Worker Software: Addresses individual needs
required to manage and create information for individual
projects within departments
• Content Access Software: Used to access content and
addresses a desire for published digital content and
entertainment
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17. Different types of application software include
• Educational Software: Provides content
intended for use by students
• Media Development Software: Addresses
individual needs to generate and print
electronic media for others to consume
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18. Example.. So on
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19. System Software
• System software is a type of computer program
that is designed to run a computer’s hardware
and application programs.
• If we think of the computer system as a layered
model, the system software is the interface
between the hardware and user applications.
• The operating system (OS) is the best-known
example of system software.
• The OS manages all the other programs in a
compute
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20. System Software
• It is computer software designed to provide
platform to other software(s).
• Examples of system software include operating
systems, computational science software, game
engines, industrial automation, and software as a
service applications.
• In contrast to system software, software that
allows users to do things like create text
documents, play games, listen to music, or web
browsers to surf the web are called application
software.
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21. Other examples of system software and
what each does
• The BIOS (basic input/output system) gets the
computer system started after you turn it on and
manages the data flow between the operating system
and attached devices such as the hard disk, video
adapter, keyboard, mouse, and printer.
• The boot program loads the operating system into the
computer's main memory or random access memory
(RAM).
• An assembler takes basic computer instructions and
converts them into a pattern of bits that the
computer's processor can use to perform its basic
operations.
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22. Other examples of system software and what
each does
• A device driver controls a particular type of
device that is attached to your computer, such as
a keyboard or a mouse. The driver program
converts the more general input/output
instructions of the operating system to messages
that the device type can understand.
• According to some definitions, system software
also includes system utilities, such as the disk
defragmenter and System Restore, and
development tools such as compilers and
debuggers.
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23. Example.. So on
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24. Assignment
– .