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Similar to Lec 25 Small Ruminants
Lec 25 Small Ruminants
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- 2. General Information • Ovine • Male = ram • Female = ewe • Young = lamb • Castrated male = wether • Act of giving birth = lambing
- 3. Anatomy • Ruminant • Polled or horned • Dental pad • Acute sense of smell and hearing • Even-toed ungulate • Wool producer
- 4. Statistics • Average Temperature101 – 103 F • Heart rate 70 – 80 bpm • Respiration 12 – 20
- 5. Breeding • Seasonally polyestrus • Gestation 150 days • Puberty 8 months • Birth care: Doc tails, dip umbilical cord
- 6. Behavior • Not smart! • Creatures of habit • Panic Easily • Flocking instinct • Like quiet • Not generally aggressive
- 7. Housing Needs • Protection from Rain/cold • Need shade • Well drained pasture • Protection from predators • Fencing
- 8. Nutritional Needs • Grazers • Good pasture • Good quality hay • Grain • Fresh water
- 9. Handling • Approach quietly • Moving • Hand under chin • Hind leg • Set up on rump/turn head
- 10. Breeds • Over 800breeds • Classified as: Meat Wool Dual
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- 12. General Information • Caprine • Male = buck • Female = doe • Young = kid • Castrated male = wether • Act if giving birth = kidding
- 13. Stastics • Temperature 101– 104 F • Heart rate 80 – 120 kids 70 – 80 Adults • Respiration 12 – 20 • Rumen contractions 1 – 3/ min
- 14. Anatomy • Ruminant • Horned or polled • Even-toed ungulate • Scent glands in males • Dental Pad
- 15. Breeding • Seasonally polyestrus • Gestation 150 days • Puberty 7 to 10 months • Multiple births common
- 16. Behavior • Intelligent • Curious • Aggressive/playful • Clean • Pecking Order
- 17. Housing & Nutrition • Similar to Sheep • Browsers • Hate to Get Wet • Fresh water
- 18. Handling • Resist Heavy Restraint • Agile • Climbers/ Jump • Catch by chest, chin, horns • Halter • Stanchion
- 19. Breeds • Over 40 • Dairy • Meat • Pack • Pets/companions
- 20. Health Concerns Sheep and Goats • Bloat: Serious buildup of gas in digestive tract. Frothy bloat or dry bloat • Enterotoxemia: (overeaters disease) Symptoms: Diarrhea, circling, convulsions and sudden death. Vaccine available • Foot rot: Fungus. Lameness usually first sign. NUMBER 1 problem with sheep
- 21. • CAE (goats)Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus transmitted through mother’s milk. No treatment or vaccine • Pneumonia (especially in sheep) Caused by several bacteria or viruses. Symptoms – off feed, fever, death!
- 22. Tetanus Caused by organismin soil (Clostridium tetani) Grows in absence of 02. Puncture wound Signs: Stiffness in hind end, unable to swallow, bloat 80% fatal
- 23. Mange • Lice burrowing under skin • Highly contagious • Reportable disease, includes quarantine • High economic losses
- 24. Scours • Usually aproblem in lambs 1 to 3 weeks of age – especially if bottle fed. • Milk irritating to intestines – too much cause rawness of lining leading to diarrhea
- 25. Worms • Big problemwith sheep because of grazing habits. • Worm with broad spectrum wormer minimum of twice a year.