1. Engineering
Management
Leadership
Lecture # 8
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2. Leadership

What is a leader?
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How leader differs from a manager?
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Can leadership be learned?
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3. Leadership
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Like all other areas “there are some
people who are more able than
others”
However, performance of so called
born leaders can be improved
by training
And mediocre leaders can learn to
become good leaders
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4. Leadership

Natural circumstances create leader
(e.g., at the onset of fire - temporary leaderships)

Industrial situations are different
(sustained leaderships - Team work is important)

Most teams want to be lead; not
managed
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5. Leadership
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Leaders can appear and disappear
Leaders change their characteristics
Team members change
Attitude change
Situation changes
As a result existing leader is
replaced by a new one
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6. The manager and the leader
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1.
2.
3.
It is important that manager is
also a leader
If the manager is ineffectual;
informal leaders will spring up
who will challenge the manager’s
position
creating a team within a team
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7. The manager and the leader

1.
In such situations, manager has four
options;
Get rid of the informal leader (someone else
will be chosen as informal leader by the team)
3.
Undermine the informal leader
Try to divide the group (so as to diminish the
4.
Come to terms with informal leader
2.
power of informal leader - team will stay loyal to informal
leader)
(to
supplement the deficiencies in the manager’s ability only
sensible solution, formal and informal leaders must work
together for success)
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8. The manager and the leader


Managers have the authority of their
formal position – power is given to
them by the company
Leaders have the authority of the
influence over the team given to
them by the team members
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9. The manager and the leader

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Good leaders are not necessarily
good managers
May be very good at inspiring the
team
Could be poor at organizing and
achieving the tasks set for the team
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10. The manager and the leader

Good managers are usually good
leaders (since leadership skill is one of the
fundamental requirement of the management)

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Leaders are insiders – part of team
Managers will be outsiders if they
are not good leader
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11. The manager and the leader

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
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Leaders do not always set out consciously to be
the leader of the team; they are elected by the
team members
Managers on the other hand become managers
by design
Management is a profession; leadership is not
A leader inspires the team to achieve goals
manager can only help the team by traditional
methods such as resources and training
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12. The manager and the leader
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Manager
a collaborator
draws on the strengths of the team
to achieve joint goals which are;
relatively short term targets
with defined beginning
and measurable end results
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13. The manager and the leader


Leaders
give the team its purpose, (enabling it to understand
why it exists as a team - the purpose or mission of the
team must also be clearly defined)
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with no measurable beginning or end
it may change with the time
purpose enables team members to share the
same vision
a good leader, like a good manager works
through the team to achieve its goals or aims
organizational aims need to be balanced with
individuals aims
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14. Leadership
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15. Leadership Theories
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Importance of leadership in all
aspects of human behaviors
Methods - which can be used for
identifying leadership qualities
If such a method can be found, then
those could be used for finding
future leaders
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16. Leadership Theories
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Best One-dimensional model was
proposed by
Douglas McGregor (1960);
Theory X & Theory Y
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X & Y being selected not to indicate
good or bad styles
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17. Leadership Theories
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Theory X manager believes that people;
work only for monetary gain
are motivated by fear
do not want any responsibility
want to be given detailed instructions
Theory Y manager believes that people;
are motivated by the achievements
want to have freedom to act according to their own
judgment
resent close supervision
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18. Stages in the relationship of new
team members

Dependant stage; dependent on the team
leader and other established members of the
team, learning new skills and getting used to the
environment; learn by following others

Independent stage; acquired sufficient
knowledge and experience to work by
themselves; good manager will ensure that their
teams continue to learn

Interdependent stage; in this stage good
manager becomes team’s leader
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19. Stages in the relationship of new
team members
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