The document discusses the history and significance of household linens. It notes that linens originally referred to fabrics made from flax fibers to make cloth for daily household use like bedding and towels. Over time, linens came to include fabrics like cotton as well. Linen production has a long history in places like ancient Egypt and Europe during the Middle Ages. Today, linens still refer to fabrics used for items like bedsheets, tablecloths, and towels, even if they are made from materials other than linen like cotton. Proper cleaning and storage of linens helps them last.

1. By-V . S . Nadageri

2. Meaning of linens
Linens are fabric household goods
intended for daily use, such as bedding, table
clothes and towels. "Linens" may also refer
to church linens, meaning the altar
clothes used in church.
By-V . S . Nadageri

3.  The earliest known household linens were made from thin yarn spun fromflax fibres
to make linen cloth.
 The earliest surviving fragments of linen cloth have been found in Egyptian tombs
and date to 4000 BCE.
 Flax fibres have been found in cloth fragments in Europe that date to
the Neolithic prehistoric age.
 Cotton is another popular fibre for making cloth used for household linens & Its use
in cloth-making also dates back to prehistoric times, indian
Subcontinent, China, Peru and Egypt. The Indian subcontinent was especially well
known or high quality cotton cloth as early as 1500 BCE.
 Linen was an especially popular cloth during the Middle ages in Europe, when
cotton was an exotic import.
 It was used for underclothing, Chemises, shifts, shirts and blouses, in fact most
clothing worn next to the skin, by those able to afford an extra layer of clothing.
By-V . S . Nadageri

4.  The rise of European colonialism at the same time helped support the rapid growth of
cloth production by creating many cheap sources of raw materials.
 British cloth manufacturers would import raw cotton from America and the British West
indies to Ireland, where it would be spun into yarn. The yarn would be imported into
England, where mechanized factories employed thousands of workers, who would
weave cloth on industrial looms.
 Today, the term "linen" is still used for bedsheets, tablecloths and similar household
textiles, even though most are made of cotton, synthetic fabrics, or blends. Especially
in American Engalish, they may be called "white goods", otherwise a term for
kitchen Majore aplienses .
 There is a long history of the production of linen in Ireland. The Living linen Project was
set up in 1995 as an oral archive of the knowledge of the Irish linen industry, which was
at that time still available within a nucleus of people who formerly worked in the industry
in Ulster,
 Linen fabric has been used for table coverings, bed coverings and clothing for centuries.
By-V . S . Nadageri

5.  Cleaning household linens is done as appropriate to the type of cloth. Household
linens are most likely to have stains from organic sources such as food, blood, and
soil.
 If the linens are made of natural fibres such as linen or cotton, the cloth will need to
be rinsed as soon as possible in cold water to prevent the stain from becoming
permanent.
 Linen and cotton that are white may also become yellow over time, but this is
eliminated by bleaching, either with liquid bleach, or by the traditional method of
hanging the linens in the sun to let the sunlight bleach out the discoloration.
 Household linens are stored near the area where they are used, when possible, for
convenience. Otherwise, bed and kitchen and dining linens may be stored together
in a linen closet or cupboard.
 . Traditionally, table linens could be strached while ironing, to decrease wrinkling and
retain a smooth, pristine appearance. Seasonal storage of linens led to the
development of natural pest control methods in Europe to prevent moth larvea and
other insects or rodents from eating the cloth.
By-V . S . Nadageri

6.  Industrial laundries were developed in the Middle Ages, when large convents and
monasteries used their own facilities.
 Hospitals and boarding schools followed this example. Today, there are several
types of industrial laundries.
 Hospitals often use laundry chutes to collect used linens. These are transported to
an industrial laundry, where they are sorted into three categories: regularly soiled,
infected, or staff uniforms.
 In India, Dhobi ghats provide laundry service to both institutions and households.
 Household linens and clothing are both collected on a fixed day of the week by the
Dhobi, who washes the laundry at a ghat, which is often in a large Dhobi ghat zone
where many Dhobis work at their own stall.
 Each stall is approximately four square metres.
 Laundry is washed in large tubs, rinsed, cleaned by beating on a stone made for the
purpose, and then the linens are hung on lines to dry.& . Dhobis also iron linens.
By-V . S . Nadageri

7.  Apron.
 Bed sheet.
 Bed skirt.
 Bedspread.
 Blanket.
 Curtain.
 Dishcloth.
 Dishtowel.
 Doily.
 Handkerchief.
 Napkin.
 Oven glove.
 Placement .
 Tablecloth.
 Tea Towel.
 Towel
By-V . S . Nadageri

8. By-V . S . Nadageri

9. By-V . S . Nadageri

10. Linen fabric is made from the cellulose fibers
that grow inside of the stalks of the flax plant, or
Linum usitatissimum, one of the oldest cultivated
plants in human history. Flax is an annual plant,
which means it only lives for one growing
season.
By-V . S . Nadageri

12.  The Sharana Basaveshwara temple is situated in Gulbarga in the
Karnataka state. It is dedicated to the reformer and saint, Shri
Basaveshwara. Tourists have to first come to the town of Gulbarga and
then travel to this temple by bus. The city of Gulbarga has a fine blend of
both the Hindu and Mughal cultures. Other places close to the Sharana
Basaveshwara temple are Feroze Shah’s mausoleum, HaftGumbuz, Ghias
Ud Din’s tomb, gardens of Mahboob Gulshan and so on.
 The shrine of Sharana Basaveshwara was constructed two centuries ago.
It was invaded by the Nizam of Hyderabad. The panchloha kalasha (five
metalled pot) can be found here.
By-V . S . Nadageri

13.  The architecture in the Sharana Basaveshwara temple is exclusive
and intricate. The architecture of this temple is of the 12th century.
The Garbagriha houses the Samadhi of Sharana Basaveshwara.
Devotees flock here in large numbers to worship the shrines of the
preceptor and the disciple.
 You can see the very big Sabhamantapa and the
Pradakshanapatha. There are many big pillers & close 36 arches in
the Sabhamantapa, Peacock carvings add to the overall beauty of
the pillers . The architecture at the Peeth has to its credit seven
Peethadhipatis .
By-V . S . Nadageri

14. Sharanabasaveswar belongs to the Veerashaiva
Family and was tottaly devoted to the Dasoha , his
parents Sangamma & Malakappa gave him valuable
guidenace and deep Love to sharanabasaveswara, This
is how the Dasoha culture was initiated and
sharanabasaveswara worshiped it wholeheartedly untill
he lived , when sharanabasaveswara passed away ,
sacred shrine was built in his memory , His ardent
devootee , Adi Doddappa sharan followed him and both
of Them together built the sharanabasaveswara
MahadasohaPeetha .
By-V . S . Nadageri