2. Objectives
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Identify the Layers of the Skin: Students will be able to name and describe
the three main layers of the skin: the epidermis, the dermis, and the
subcutaneous layer.
Describe the Structure of Each Layer: Students will be able to describe the
structure of each skin layer, including the types of cells, tissues, and
structures found within them.
Understand the Functions of the Skin: Students will be able to outline the
primary functions of the skin such as synthesis of vitamin D, sensation,
temperature regulation, absorption, protection, excretion, secretion
4. Epidermis
The epidermis is made up of squamous
cells called keratinocytes
The epidermis is avascular.
Mnemonic:
Come, Lets, Get, Sun, Burnt
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5. Layers of
the
Epidermis
(5xStratums)
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Stratum corneum
Horny layer
COME
20 rows of cells
Made up of scale like cells which are continually
shed
Stratum Lucidum
Clear Layer
LETS
3 rows of cells
Transparent. Waterproof layer.
Thickest on soles and palms
Stratum Granulosum
Granular layer
GET
1 – 3 rows of cells.
Keratinisation becomes complete as the cells are filled
with keratin.
Cells are now dead, flat and hard and granule-like.
Stratum Spinosum
Prickle cell layer
SUN
Three to ten rows of cells
Living layer that contain nuclei
Spiky and prickly as it begins a process called
keratinisation.
Stratum Basale
Germinating Layer
BURNT
This layer meets the dermis. continually divide
(mitosis)
Produces Melanin protects skin from the sun's
ultraviolet rays
Responsible for the colour of the skin
6. Activity
Let’s test your knowledge!!
Identify the layers of the epidermis,
Work together
Answer: A, B, C, D or E
10 second per question seconds to find
the answer
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22. Dermis
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Lies beneath the epidermis lies the dermis:
• Connects the dermis with the epidermis
• Provides nutrients to the epidermis, contains
temperature, pain and touch receptors through its rich
nerve supply.
Papillary Layer
• Forms the bulk of the dermis
• Comprised of blood vessels, nerves, hair follicles,
sebaceous glands, and sweat glands.
• It contains protein fibres, collagen, elastin
Reticular Layer
Together, the papillary and reticular layers of the
dermis work in harmony to support the health,
function, and integrity of the skin. The papillary
layer provides a connection between the dermis
and epidermis, supplies nutrients, and houses
sensory receptors, while the reticular layer forms
the structural framework of the dermis, supports
skin elasticity, and contains essential skin
appendages and blood vessels.
23. Subcutaneous layer
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This is situated under the
dermis.
Has 2 types of connective
tissue. Areolar and
adipose.
Areolar tissue forms cells
that provide strength,
elasticity and support.
Adipose tissue is fat cells
that provide insulation
and an energy source.
Note: Contains fat, larger blood vessels, and nerves.
24. 5 Minute Activity
Research and make a list of reasons of how
the health of the subcutaneous layer is
relevant to the ageing process on the face
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5 Minutes