The rainforest has four main layers - the emergent layer, canopy layer, understory layer, and forest floor. The emergent layer contains very tall trees up to 180 feet high that take up much of the sunlight but have few branches. The canopy layer ranges from 60-130 feet tall and contains a high biodiversity of animals. The understory layer rises to 60 feet and contains small plants and trees in a dark, cool, and humid environment. The forest floor receives little sunlight and contains fungi, insects, and litter from the upper layers, as well as some animals like jaguars.

1. Layers of the Rainforest

2. EMERGENTS
 Trees are 130-180 feet tall.
 There are tall giant trees that are much higher than the
average canopy height.
 Trees take up a lot of sunlight but are also exposed to
wind.
 They have small and pointed leaves, and long and straight
trunks with few branches.
 They house many birds and insects.

4. CANOPY
 Has tall slender trees from dense flat form of vegetation.
 60-130 feet tall trees
 Small amount of sunlight touches the ground.
 Home of a large biodiversity of plants and animals.
 Full of life because most of food is available.
 Animals that live here are spiders, lemurs, monkeys,
sloths, toucans, orangutans, and parrot.

7. UNDERSTORY
Rises to about 60 feet and consists of trunks of
canopy, shrubs, small plants and trees.
Has dark and cool environment with very high
humidity with constant shade.
Broad and large leaves of plants
Has large number of insect life

9. FOREST FLOOR
Deep shade and plant life is thin.
The light from the sun is blocked by the upper
layer of the forest.
Most of life here consist of fungi, insects, worms,
and litter from taller trees that fall on the forest
floor.
Some animals like jaguars, tigers, okapis and
cassowaries.

13. Terms to REMEMBER:
 FOOD CHAIN- linear series of feeding relationship
 FOOD WEB- interconnected food chain
 PRODUCERS- organisms that that make their own food.
TYPES OF CONSUMERS
1. HERBIVORES- PLANT-EATING ANIMALS
2. CARNIVORES- FLESH-EATING ANIMALS
3. OMNIVORES- PLANT AND EATING ANIMALS

14. Types of Interactions

15. WHAT IS SYMBIOSIS?
Symbiosis is a relationship
between two or more
organisms that live closely
together.

16. During interactions,
some organisms are
benefited while others
are harmed.

17. MUTUALISM
TWO ORGANISMS LIVING
TOGETHER WHEREIN BOTH
BENEFIT FROM THE
ASSOCIATION/ INTERACTION.

19. COMMENSALISM
INTERACTIONS OCCURS BETWEEN
TWO SPECIES IN WHICH ONE
ORGANISM BENEFITS WHILE THE
OTHER ORGANISM IS NEITHER
BENEFITED NOR HARMED.

21. PREDATION
PREDATOR-PREY RELATIONSHIP
WHEN ARE REMOVED OR
REDUCED, THE PREY
POPULATION INCREASES AND
THEY CROWD OUT.

23. COMPETITION
WHEN ANIMALS AND PLANTS HAVE
THE SAME NEEDS AND UTILIZE THE
SAME RESOURCES AND THE
RESOURCES BECOME SCARCEAND
COMPETITION EXISTS.
EX: PLANTS COMPETE FOR SPACE

26. COOPERATION
A TYPE OF INTERACTION WHERE
ORGANISMS COOPERATE WITH EACH
OTHER FOR THEIR SURVIVAL.
WORKING COLONIES OF ANTS, BEES
AND TERMITES SHOW COOPERTION
EACH MEMBER HAS SPECIFIC TASK TO
DO.