powerpoint presentation by Geraldine Martin

1. By: G. Martin

2. Geologists are scientists who
study the solid and liquid matter that
constitutes the Earth as well as the
processes and history that shaped it.
They found out that the Earth’s
internal structure is made up of four
main layers.
These are the crust, the mantle, the
outer core and the inner core.

3. The crust or the lithosphere is the
outermost layer of the Earth that is
made up of silicate rock materials. The
crust covers the mantle and is the
earth’s hard outer shell, the surface on
which we are living.
Earth crust can be classified into two: the
continental crust and the oceanic crust.
Continental crust- accounts for 40% of the
surface of the Earth. The density is much less.
Oceanic crust- it gathers a layer of cooled
mantle on the underside

5. The outer core can be regarded
as a ball of hot metals. The outer core
is liquid and made up of iron and
nickel. The density is very high, but
less than pure molten iron.
As the Earth rotates, the outer core
spins over the inner core and
generates the Earth’s magnetic field,
which is the factor responsible for the
functioning of the magnetic compass.

6. The inner core is the innermost
layer of the Earth, and it is characterized
by extremely high temperature and
pressure conditions. The temperature
reaches approximately 5,000 degrees
Celsius. The intense heat from the inner
core mobilizes the materials of the outer
core and the mantle.
It is due to the high pressure that the
inner core materials are unable to move
and, hence, remain solid.

7. Discontinuity of each Layer

8. THANK YOU!