Interactive Presentation covering layers of atmosphere and their extent in detail. This Presentation covers the following topics:- -LAYERS OF THE ATMOSPHERE -TROPOSPHERE -STRATOSPHERE -MESOSPHERE -THERMOSPHERE -EXOSPHERE

1. LAYERS OF THE
ATMOSPHERE

2. TROPOSPHERE
• The troposphere is the lowest layer of Earth'satmosphere. The
troposphere starts at Earth's surface and goes up to a height
of 7 to 20 km above sea level.
• The term troposphere literally means turnover, meaning that in
this region air mixes and constantly moves resulting in
constant change called weather. Almost all weather occurs
within this layer that why this is sometimes called as ZONE
OF WEATHER.
• Air is warmest at the bottom of the troposphere near ground
level. Higher up it gets colder.
• The boundary between the troposphere and the next upper
layer is called tropopause.

3. STRATOSPHERE
This layer is lying at about 20- 50 km. From the earth
surface.
The temperature in lower stratosphere remains the
same but beyond, there is a gradual increase in
temperature.
Unlike the troposphere, there is no air mixing and no
turbulence in this layer.
Increase in temperature is due to the concentration of
the gas ozone forming a layer called ozone layer.
Ozone is a variant of oxygen compose of 3 atoms of
oxygen.
The boundary between the stratosphere and the next
layer is called the stratopause.

4. MESOSPHERE
Located within 50 -80 km. from earth surface.
The term literally means middle
area.
The temperature in this layer is decreasing.
This is also the last layer with homogeneous air - air which is chiefly
Oxygen and Nitrogen.
Most meteors vaporize in the mesosphere. Some material from
meteors lingers in the mesosphere, causing this layer to have a
relatively high concentration of iron and other metal atoms.
The boundary between the mesosphere and the next upper layer is
called mesopause.

5. THERMOSPHERE
This layer is lying beyond the mesosphere, specifically within 80 -100 km.
from the earth surface.
Air in here is heterogeneous with varying amounts of Hydrogen and
Helium.
The actual temperature in the Thermosphere can reach as high as 2000º
C! It is so hot here because nitrogen and oxygen in the atmosphere absorb
a lot of radiation from space and convert it to heat.
The boundary between the thermosphere and the exosphere above it is
called the thermopause.
The lower Thermosphere is called the Ionosphere; it extends from 80 to
550 kilometers above the Earth's surface .Nitrogen, oxygen, and other
particles in the Ionosphere absorb radiation from the sun and become
electrically charged.Electrically charged particles are called ions, hence the
name: the Ionosphere. These ions are important to radio because they
reflect AM radio waves back to earth allowing for long distance messages to
be sent.

6. EXOSPHERE
Beyond 100 km. is the start of the earth’s
outermost atmospheric layer, marking the
beginning of the outer space.
The air particles here are hotter than the
ionosphere.
The temperature are very high because of the
incessant bombardment f cosmic rays.
Density is very low the collisions between
particles are extremely rare.

7. T H A N K Y O U