Laser microdissection is a technique that utilizes lasers to extract specific cells from tissue samples for molecular analysis, enabling the study of pure samples without altering surrounding material. It has applications in various fields, including genetics, forensics, and neuroscience, allowing for the analysis of proteins, DNA, and RNA. Despite some limitations such as diminished resolution and the isolation of small amounts of material, laser microdissection presents significant advantages for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.

1. LASER
LASER
MICRODISSECTION
MICRODISSECTION
By
By
 Ajmal khan kattak.s
Ajmal khan kattak.s
 3
3rd
rd
yr
yr

2. INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
A laser is a device that’s emits light through a
A laser is a device that’s emits light through a
process of optical amplification based on the
process of optical amplification based on the
stimulated emission of electromagentic
stimulated emission of electromagentic
radiation.
radiation.
Microdissection refers to a technique where
Microdissection refers to a technique where
a microscope is used to assist in direction
a microscope is used to assist in direction
for tissue extraction.
for tissue extraction.

3. INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
to Laser Microdissection
to Laser Microdissection
Laser microdissection is a
Laser microdissection is a
powerful tool that can be used
powerful tool that can be used
rapidly and reliably to procure
rapidly and reliably to procure
pure single or multiple cells
pure single or multiple cells
from specific microscopic
from specific microscopic
region/regions of a tissue for
region/regions of a tissue for
use a variety of molecular
use a variety of molecular
analysis of teeth
analysis of teeth

4. Purpose
Purpose
To allow us to utilise material that cannot be
To allow us to utilise material that cannot be
obtained by other methods
obtained by other methods
To select only the cells or tissue that we want
To select only the cells or tissue that we want

5.  Laser capture microdissection
Laser capture microdissection
(LCM), also called
(LCM), also called
Microdissection, Laser
Microdissection, Laser
MicroDissection (LMD), or
MicroDissection (LMD), or
Laser-assisted microdissection
Laser-assisted microdissection
(LMD or LAM) is a method for
(LMD or LAM) is a method for
isolating specific cells of interest
isolating specific cells of interest
from microscopic regions of
from microscopic regions of
tissue/cells/organisms.
tissue/cells/organisms.

7. WORKING
WORKING

8. SAMPLE
SAMPLE PREPARATION
PREPARATION
Tissue
frozen-fixation fixation-paraffin
Slide preparation
Staining and dehydration
Laser microdissection
Extraction of macromolecules
DNA,RNA,protien analysis

10. Samples of fibromatsis
Samples of fibromatsis

11. APPLICATIONS
APPLICATIONS
 Microarrays
Microarrays
 Comparing gene expression between
Comparing gene expression between
like cells of different sizes.
like cells of different sizes.
 Providing pure cells for high throughout
Providing pure cells for high throughout
cDNA microarrays in study of normal,
cDNA microarrays in study of normal,
malignant, and metastatic cells from the
malignant, and metastatic cells from the
same individual to trace genetic
same individual to trace genetic
alterations during the development of
alterations during the development of
neoplasia.
neoplasia.

13. NEUROSCIENCE
NEUROSCIENCE

14. Protein analyses
Protein analyses
 Obtaining pure
Obtaining pure
samples for analysis
samples for analysis
of the protein
of the protein
complement and to
complement and to
identify qualitative or
identify qualitative or
quantitative
quantitative
differences in protein
differences in protein
between normal and
between normal and
diseased cells
diseased cells

15. Genetices
Genetices

16. Forensics
Forensics
 Removing
Removing
isolating specific
isolating specific
epithelial cells or
epithelial cells or
sperm to aid in
sperm to aid in
the prosecution
the prosecution
of a sexual
of a sexual
assualt case
assualt case

17. USES Of Laser Microdissection
USES Of Laser Microdissection
 Collecting selecting cells for DNA,RNA and /or
Collecting selecting cells for DNA,RNA and /or
protein analysis.
protein analysis.
 LCM can be performed on a variety of tissue
LCM can be performed on a variety of tissue
samples including blood smear, cytologic
samples including blood smear, cytologic
preparation ,cell culture and aliquots of solid
preparation ,cell culture and aliquots of solid
tissue.
tissue.
 Frozen and paraffin emebbed archival tissue
Frozen and paraffin emebbed archival tissue
may also be used.
may also be used.

18.  The ability to procure a pure cell sample for
The ability to procure a pure cell sample for
molecular analysis.
molecular analysis.
 There is minimal sample loss along with an
There is minimal sample loss along with an
opportunity to use a variety of staining and
opportunity to use a variety of staining and
preparation procedures on the specimens.
preparation procedures on the specimens.
 The process does not alter or damage the
The process does not alter or damage the
morphology and chemistry of the collected nor
morphology and chemistry of the collected nor
the surrounding cells.
the surrounding cells.
ADVANTAGES
ADVANTAGES

19. DISADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
 The slightly diminished resolution during
The slightly diminished resolution during
the visualization of the uncoverslipped
the visualization of the uncoverslipped
sample.
sample.
 Isolates only small amounts of material
Isolates only small amounts of material
which may limit those analyses that require
which may limit those analyses that require
amplification techniques or necessitate the
amplification techniques or necessitate the
collection of many samples
collection of many samples

20. CONCLUSION
CONCLUSION
Laser microdissection is an asset which will
Laser microdissection is an asset which will
change the way you diagnose and treat….
change the way you diagnose and treat….

21. THANK U
THANK U

22. My Sincere Thanks To
My Sincere Thanks To
Dr.Karunakaran MDS
Dr.Karunakaran MDS
HOD Dept of Oral
HOD Dept of Oral
Pathology
Pathology
Dr.Rajeshwar BDS reader
Dr.Rajeshwar BDS reader
Dept of Oral Pathology
Dept of Oral Pathology