Language policy, planning and the impact in the English language curriculum, the case of Indonesia

1. - Suci Apriani 22216251130
- Noviyanti 22216251159
- Nurul Febriyanti 22216251165
- Atakuziev Murodjon 21216251082
Language policy, planning and the impact in the English
language curriculum: the case of Indonesia
Ashadi, S.Pd., M.Hum., Ed.D.

2. Our Discussion
CONTENTS
Language Policy
Language Policy in Education
K-13 and Kurikulum Merdeka
Planning and Impact: the case in Indonesia
Recap: Curriculum in Indonesia

3. LANGUAGES IN INDONESIA

4. According to Bernard Spolsky, language policy is an officially mandated
set of rules for language use and form within a nation-state
Practices
Language practices are
the observable behaviors
and choices – what
people actually do
Belief
The beliefs that are most
significant to our concerns
are the values assigned to
the varieties and features
Language Management
Form: a constitution or a law
established by a nation-state
determining some aspect of official
language use: a requirement to use a
specific language as medium of
instruction or in business with
government agencies
Language Policy
There are three components that are interrelated but independently

5. linguistic
assimilation
Language Planning Ideologies
one or more
languages assimilate
with another due to
the issue of language
dominant which subtly
or drastically banning
other minor languages
linguistic pluralism
governments and
society are aware of the
presence of multi
languages within the
country
Cobarrubias (1983)
an indigenous
language should be
encouraged to
official status
Internationalization
a non-indigenous
language should be
promoted as official
language
vernacularisation

6. Language Policy in Education
Vs

7. Language Policy: English as a Medium of Instruction (K-13)
Based on “New Language Policy for Indonesia” journal
English as Medium of Instruction - English as a Foreign Language
(EFL)
Elementary School
(Bilingual class)
Bahasa Indonesia is used as medium of instruction and
written books
Junior High School
(Bilingual class)
Bahasa Indonesia as medium of instruction and written
material + English as EFL subject only
Senior High School
Bahasa Indonesia and English as media of instruction
and written books
University
English as medium of instruction for both spoken and
written books or materials and assignments

8. What is Curriculum?
Planning in English Language Curriculum Learning:
the case of Indonesia
A set of plans and arrangements regarding the
objectives, content, and learning materials as well as the
ways used as guidelines for organizing learning to
achieve certain educational goals.
Position English
at School
• Elementary School – English as an Optional Subject
• Junior High School - English as Compulsory Subject
• Senior High School – English as Compulsory Subject

9. Elementary School – English
as an Optional Subject
The focus is on developing
students' basic English
vocabulary, listening,
speaking, reading, and
writing skills. Students are
introduced to simple
sentence structures, basic
grammar rules, and
common English
expressions.
Planning in English Language Curriculum Learning:
the case of Indonesia
Junior High School – English
as Compulsory Subject
Improving students'
language proficiency by
building on their existing
knowledge and skills.
Students are exposed to
more complex sentence
structures, vocabulary, and
grammar rules. They are
also taught to use English
to express ideas, opinions,
and feelings.
Senior High School – English
as Compulsory Subject
Focus on developing
students' critical thinking
and problem-solving skills
in English. Students are
expected to be able to
analyze and evaluate texts,
present arguments, and
express opinions on a
variety of topics.

10. Part of Curriculum
03 02
Method
Assessment
Syllabus
Lesson
Plan
04 01

11. Syllabus
Curriculum - 13 Curriculum - Merdeka
Curriculum is based on aspects
of knowledge, aspects of skills,
aspects of attitudes, and
aspects of behavior.
Merdeka Curriculum
prioritizes strengthening the
profile of Pancasila students.
Concept Concept
Syllabus
Learning Objective Flow
(ATP)

12. Lesson Plan
Curriculum - 13 Curriculum - Merdeka
• Written and spoken text
• Develop 4 language skills
namely Receptive Skills
and Productive Skills
● Written and spoken
texts, multimodal texts
● Develop 6 elements,
namely Receptive Skills
and Productive Skills.

13. 4 Stages of Learning English
Curriculum - Merdeka
Learning Objective
Flow (ATP)
Curriculum - 13
Scientific Approached
Syllabus
Method

14. ● KKM was replaced by KKTP
(Criteria for Achievement of
Learning Objectives)
● Diagnostic test results are
used as a reference for
differentiated learning and
KKTP (Criteria for
Achievement of Learning
Objectives) for each student.
Curriculum - Merdeka
Curriculum - 13
● KKM (Minimum
Completeness Criteria)
is applied
● There are no diagnostic
tests yet
ASSESSMENT

15. The impact in English Curriculum
Curriculum - 13
Strengths
Weaknesses

16. The impact in English Curriculum
Curriculum – Merdeka
Strengths
Weaknesses

17. Educational reform involves systematic attempts by governments or
other educational authorities to change educational policies and
practices with a view to improving learner outcomes.
It typically has its origins in the identification of aspects of an
educational system that are viewed as problematic such as;
● falling standards of student achievement
● poor performance by students in international comparisons
● lack of comparability of outcomes across different educational systems
● public concerns about teacher competence.
Educational Reform

18. Why we need educational reforms becomes clear when we analyze
the present-day situation of schools and education in the country.
One also needs to keep in mind that Indonesia is still a developing
country, and hence faces certain social issues which further add to
the grave problem.
The purpose of Educational Reform

19. A Recap of Curriculum Changes in Indonesia

20. Thanks!
Do you have any questions?

21. References
Bernard Spolsky. (2004). Language Policy. Cambridge University Press.
Hamka, N. (2022). Language Policy and Planning: Diglossia in Indonesia. Sang Pencerah: Jurnal Ilmiah
Universitas Muhammadiyah Buton, 8(2), 295–301. https://doi.org/10.35326/pencerah.v8i2.1948
Saputra, E., & Saputra, A. (2020). A New Language Policy for Indonesia. Linguists : Journal Of Linguistics and
Language Teaching, 6(1), 18. https://doi.org/10.29300/ling.v6i1.2969