This document defines and describes various water forms and land forms found in the Philippines. It discusses different types of water forms such as brooks, springs, rivers, lakes, waterfalls, oceans, bays, and gulfs. It provides examples of each water form and their key characteristics. It also outlines different land forms including plains, valleys, hills, mountains, and volcanoes, giving brief descriptions of each land form and how they are formed.

1. Water Forms and
Land Forms
In the Philippines
Prepared by: Angilou G. Banag

2. Water Forms

3. Brook (Sapa)
Sapa
A small stream, creek or
rivulet.
a natural stream of water
smaller than a river (and
often a tributary of a river).

4. Spring (Batis)
Batis
A spring is a water resource formed
when the side of a hill, a valley bottom
or other excavation intersects a
flowing body of groundwater at or
below the local water table, below
which the subsurface material is
saturated with water.

5. River (Ilog)
River (Ilog)
A large natural stream of
water emptying into an
ocean, lake, or other body of
water and usually fed along
its course by converging
tributaries.

6. Lake
Lake
 The water in lakes comes from
rain, snow, melting ice, streams,
and groundwater seepage. Most
lakes contain freshwater. All
lakes are either open or closed. If
water leaves a lake by a river or
other outlet, it is said to be open.

7. Waterfalls
Waterfalls
area where flowing river water
drops abruptly and nearly
vertically. Waterfalls represent
major interruptions in river flow.
Under most circumstances,
rivers tend to smooth out
irregularities in their flow by
processes of erosion and
deposition.

8. Ocean
Ocean
Ocean water represents the largest
body of water within the global
water cycle (oceans contain 97%
of Earth's water), with
evaporation from the ocean
moving water into the atmosphere
to later rain back down onto land
and the ocean. Oceans have a
significant effect on the
biosphere.

9. Bay
Bay
A bay is a body of water
partially surrounded by land.
A bay is usually smaller and
less enclosed than a gulf. The
mouth of the bay, where
meets the ocean or lake, is
typically wider than that of a
gulf.

10. Gulf
Gulf
A gulf is a portion of the ocean that
penetrates land. Gulfs vary greatly in size,
shape, and depth. Gulfs are sometimes
connected to the ocean by narrow passages
of water called straits. Gulfs can also have
wide openings and are sometimes
indistinguishable from larger bodies of
water.

11. Land Forms

12. Plains
Plains
A plain landform is land
that is relatively flat and
does not change much in
elevation within a common
area.

13. valleys
Valleys
Valleys are the most predominant
landforms on the face of the earth. ... A
valley is a lowland area or depression
found between mountains and hills often
with streams and rivers running through it.
It usually features rounded sides that mimic
a V or a U shape. It's created through
erosion by streams or glacial actions.

14. Hills Hills
A hill landform is very simple to
describe. It is land that is raised that
has sloping sides. Hills come in many
sizes from small and flat to high and
rolling. Many people also consider
these hills to be mountains. The
range does considered to be both a
mix of mountain and hills.

15. Mountains
Mountains
Mountains are major landforms with
higher elevation than the land around
them. They have steep slopes and a
summit, which is the highest point of
elevation. Mountains are formed
when tectonic plates collide and push
land upwards over millions of years,
and shaped by wind and water
erosion.

16. Volcanoes
Volcanoes
A volcano is a landform created during
an event where lava comes out from the
Earth's crust. While volcanoes erupting,
molten lava pushes the ground upwards
until it goes out of the volcanoes vent.
Continuous eruption leaves layers of
lava and makes the volcano higher or
wider.