Kate Hoyle conducted a survey of Lady Gaga fans to test assumptions about their characteristics. The survey results from 16 respondents, mostly female fans aged 14-22, supported several of Hoyle's predictions. Most notably, fans enjoyed concerts and festivals, had experienced bullying or hard times, and the gay/lesbian respondents identified strongly with Lady Gaga's themes of self-acceptance. Hoyle's assumption that fans would be outgoing was also confirmed by their interest in bold, controversial clothing.