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Lab Objectives
The objective is to review the programmer’s model, the
Motorola assembly language, and the instruction execution
cycle. To achieve these objectives, you will write a short
program(s) satisfying the requirements below.
Description
Programmer’s Model
The programmer’s model of the HCS12 shows the current status
of the MCU. As the name implies, what is described is a model
of the MCU rather than a physical entity. Although the model
components physically exist in the MCU, they are only a small
part of a complex implementation necessary for the working
controller.
Motorola Assembly Language
The symbolic language used to code source programs to be
processed by the assembler is called assembly language. The
language is a collection of mnemonic symbols representing
operations (i.e., machine instruction mnemonics or directives to
the assembler), symbolic names, operators, and special symbols.
The assembly language provides mnemonic operation codes for
all machine instructions in the instruction set.
Instruction Execution Cycle
The instruction execution cycle is the sequence of actions taken
by the HCS12 to execute a set of instructions. There three steps
involved in completing each instruction: fetch, decode, and
execute. During the fetch stage, op-codes and operands are
loaded from memory to the instruction register. The decode
stage interprets each instruction as one predefined CPU action.
For many instructions, this decode stage overlaps with the fetch
stage: as soon as the op-code is fetched from the memory, it is
decoded. Once the necessary op-code and operand are loaded
into the instruction register, the MCU moves into the execution
stage. During this stage, the decoded instruction is executed.

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Lab ObjectivesThe objective is to review the programmer’s mo.docx

  • 1. Lab Objectives The objective is to review the programmer’s model, the Motorola assembly language, and the instruction execution cycle. To achieve these objectives, you will write a short program(s) satisfying the requirements below. Description Programmer’s Model The programmer’s model of the HCS12 shows the current status of the MCU. As the name implies, what is described is a model of the MCU rather than a physical entity. Although the model components physically exist in the MCU, they are only a small part of a complex implementation necessary for the working controller. Motorola Assembly Language The symbolic language used to code source programs to be processed by the assembler is called assembly language. The language is a collection of mnemonic symbols representing operations (i.e., machine instruction mnemonics or directives to the assembler), symbolic names, operators, and special symbols. The assembly language provides mnemonic operation codes for all machine instructions in the instruction set. Instruction Execution Cycle The instruction execution cycle is the sequence of actions taken by the HCS12 to execute a set of instructions. There three steps involved in completing each instruction: fetch, decode, and execute. During the fetch stage, op-codes and operands are loaded from memory to the instruction register. The decode stage interprets each instruction as one predefined CPU action. For many instructions, this decode stage overlaps with the fetch stage: as soon as the op-code is fetched from the memory, it is decoded. Once the necessary op-code and operand are loaded
  • 2. into the instruction register, the MCU moves into the execution stage. During this stage, the decoded instruction is executed.