This document summarizes an environmental study conducted in the village of Kuntala Gudem in Telangana, India. It provides details on land usage, water consumption, electricity usage, chemical fertilizer and fuel usage, and resulting carbon dioxide emissions. Some key findings are that annual water consumption exceeds renewable sources by over 50 million liters, resulting in around 20% annual groundwater depletion. Total estimated carbon dioxide emissions from the village are over 377,000 metric tons per year, equivalent to burning over 1.4 million tons of coal. The document concludes that better water conservation and shifting to more sustainable rice cultivation methods could significantly reduce environmental impacts.

1. KUNTALA GUDEM
Farming & Environment Footprints
Based on a study done by students of Zilla
Parishad High School , Kuntalagudem
Mandal - Choutuppal
District – Nalgonda
Telangana

2. Kuntala Gudem village demographics
A glimpse
• Families living – 106
• Families participated in Survey – 102
• Cultivable Land – 536.25 acres
• Rain Fed Holding – 137.5 acres
• Land Fed by Borewell water – 398.75 acres
• No. of Borewells – 83
• Dried up Borewells – 3
• Electricity Transformers – 17
• Crops under Cultivation in acreage
– Cotton - 372
– Paddy – 127.75
– Fodder – 19

3. Land Holding & the no. of farmers
• I – 2.5 acres 33 no’s
• 2.5 – 5 acres 34 no’s
• 5 – 10 acres 23 no’s
• 10 – 20 acres 11 no’s

4. Rainfall in 2013
• Total Rainfall – 969 mm
• Highest levels of water Consumption during Oct ‘13
• 270 mm by Paddy
• 220 mm by Cotton

5. Manures / Chemicals used
• Urea – 842.5 Bags
• DAP – 792 Bags
• Compost – 95.5 Tractor Trips
• Poultry Manure – 24 Tractor Trips
• Bio Fertilizer – 10 Kg
• Weedicides – 113 Kg
• Pesticides – 557 Ltrs

6. Environment Footprint
Water consumption
• Paddy fields spread – 127.75 acres
• Water consumption per acre – 60 Lac Ltrs
• Total water consumed for Paddy cultivation –
76, 65, 00, 000 Ltrs
• Overall Paddy Cultivated – 268.27 tonnes
• Water needed to grow one Kilo of Paddy – 2858
Ltrs
• Water needed to cook one Kilo of Rice – 4759
Ltrs

7. Environment Footprint
Water consumption
• Cotton fields spread – 372 acres
• Water utilized per acre – 6 Lac Ltrs
• Total water utilized – 22, 32, 00, 000 Ltrs
• Total Cotton Harvested – 204.6 Tonnes
• Water consumed to grow a Kilo of
Cotton – 1090 Ltrs
• Kilo of ginned cotton – 3629.7 Ltrs

8. Environment Footprint
Water consumption
• One acre 100 MM rain water – Lacs of ltrs
• Rainfall in the village – 969 mm
• Water level due to rainfall – 51,96,26,250 Ltrs
• Paddy – 76, 65, 00, 000 Ltrs
• Cotton – 22, 32, 00, 000 Ltrs
• Total – 98, 97, 00, 000 Ltrs

9. Environment Footprint
Water consumption
• Population – 530
– Water consumed per day – 300 Ltrs
– Water consumed for household – 5,80,35,000 Ltrs
• Total Livestock – 265
– Water consumed for livestock – 150 Ltrs per day
– Yearly consumption of water for livestock – 1,45,08,750
Ltrs
• Yearly consumption by the entire Village – 1,06,22,43,750 Lts
– Difference on the sources of water accessed at the village
& water consumed (1,06,22,43,750 – 51,96,26,250)
– Difference – 54,26,17,500
Going by the statistics above, if there are about 50% of water available in ground
water, there is a depletion of water resources by 20% year on year.

10. Environment Footprints
Electricity to Borewells
• Assuming one borewell working six hours per
day for 200 days in an year total units
consumed comes to 4474
• Raw material consumed to generate one unit
of power – 3.2 Metric Tonnes
• Borewells in working condition at the village –
80
• Amount of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emitted
11,45,344 Tonnes

11. Environment Footprints – Methane
Emissions in Paddy cultivation
• Methane released by stored water per day –
460 Kg
• Total in a crop period of 150 days – 69 Tonnes
• In entire village – 127-75 acres
• One tonne of Methane equals 21 tonnes of
CO2
• CO2 emission on Total Methane released –
8814.5 tonnes 1.85 Lac tonnes

12. Environment Footprints
Chemical Fertilizers
• Carbon Emission Levels
– In producing one bag of Urea - 92.46 Kg
– In transporting one bag of Urea – 62.1 Kg
– N20 released by a bag of Urea – 28.75 Kg
– One Kg of N2O equals 310 Kg of C2O
– Urea consumed by village in total – 842.5 Kg
– Amount of CO2 emitted by the village – 7638.98
tonnes

13. Environment Footprints
Farm Machinry
• Diesel consumed to plough per acre – 8 Ltrs
• Diesel consumed by a harvester per acre – 8 Ltrs
• Diesel consumed to plough the entire paddy fields –
536.25 X 2 X 8 equalling 8580 Ltrs of consumption
• Diesel consumed by the village to harvest paddy –
127.75 X 8 equally 1022 Ltrs
• Overall diesel consumption on account of machinery –
9620 Ltrs
• Amount of CO2 emitted by a liter of Diesel – 2.26 X 10
Metric Tonnes totaling 225 Metric tonnes

14. Environment footprint of entire village
Co2 emission in Metric Tonnes
• Electricity – 1145344 Tonnes
• For Paddy cultivation due Methane
release – 185109.75
• For overall urea consumption – 7638.98
• For machinery usage – 22.6
• Over CO2 emission – 377881.08

15. Comparing the Co2 emission by one
village
• Equals 73554 Tonnes of Co2 emission
• Equals 1439546971.20 KM travelling by Car
• Equals 202943 Tonnes of Coal burnt
• Equals 2026 Tonnes of coal burnt by Railway
wagons
• Equals 9689258 plants consuming Co2 for ten
years
• Equals 309739 acres of a forest area consuming
Co2

16. Environment footprints
Conclusions & Alternatives
• Can avoid drought situation for two crop
seasons, if the water is stored at the farm
level.
• If the water is conserved at the village level,
it could suffice consumption for entire home
needs.
• Shifting paddy cultivation into Systematic
Rice Intensification (SRI) method, the
consumption levels can be halved including
the release of Methane gases by half.