This document discusses the organization of plant tissues and growth. It describes the different types of plant tissues - meristematic and permanent tissues. Permanent tissues include epidermal tissue, ground tissue and vascular tissue. Epidermal tissue forms the outer layer of stems, leaves and roots. Ground tissue includes parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma cells which provide support. Vascular tissue comprises xylem and phloem. Xylem transports water and minerals upwards from the roots through hollow vessels. Phloem transports sugars made by photosynthesis to all parts of the plant through sieve tubes.
In plant anatomy, tissues are categorized broadly into three tissue systems: the epidermis, the ground tissue, and the vascular tissue. Epidermis - Cells forming the outer surface of the leaves and of the young plant body. Vascular tissue - The primary components of vascular tissue are the xylem and phloem.
In biology, tissue is a cellular organizational level between cells and a complete organ. A tissue is an ensemble of similar cells and their extracellular matrix from the same origin that together carry out a specific function. Broadly tissues can be classified into two major groups : Plant tissue and Animal tissue.
A plant tissue can be defined as a cell or a group of cells dividing, to give rise to large number of cell, which is collectively referred as tissues. They are structurally and functionally similar to these cells. Plants do have a higher level of structure called plant tissue systems. A plant tissue system can be defined as a functional unit, which connects all organs of a plant. Like animal tissue system, plant tissue system is also grouped into various tissues based on their functions.
In this lesson you will learn about :
1) Tissues - "The Teams of Workers"
2) Types of Plant Tissues
3) Plant Tissue Systems
I hope this document is helpful to you. Please share the document with your friends if you think this will benefit them. Get ready for the next lesson. Thanks.
In plant anatomy, tissues are categorized broadly into three tissue systems: the epidermis, the ground tissue, and the vascular tissue. Epidermis - Cells forming the outer surface of the leaves and of the young plant body. Vascular tissue - The primary components of vascular tissue are the xylem and phloem.
In biology, tissue is a cellular organizational level between cells and a complete organ. A tissue is an ensemble of similar cells and their extracellular matrix from the same origin that together carry out a specific function. Broadly tissues can be classified into two major groups : Plant tissue and Animal tissue.
A plant tissue can be defined as a cell or a group of cells dividing, to give rise to large number of cell, which is collectively referred as tissues. They are structurally and functionally similar to these cells. Plants do have a higher level of structure called plant tissue systems. A plant tissue system can be defined as a functional unit, which connects all organs of a plant. Like animal tissue system, plant tissue system is also grouped into various tissues based on their functions.
In this lesson you will learn about :
1) Tissues - "The Teams of Workers"
2) Types of Plant Tissues
3) Plant Tissue Systems
I hope this document is helpful to you. Please share the document with your friends if you think this will benefit them. Get ready for the next lesson. Thanks.
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3. PERMANENT TISSUE
Permanent tissue are matured tissues which have experienced or
are experiencing differentiation
There are three types of permanent tissues which include
epidermal tissues, ground tissues and vascular tissues, each
carrying out different function.
5. Table 1.1 : Types of permananet tissues and their functions
Permanent Tissues Structure and Function
Epidermal Tissue Epidermal tissues layer the outermost surface of stems, leaves
and roots of young plants.
Epidermal cell walls which are exposed to the air have a waxy
and waterproof layer called cuticle.
The cuticle reduces loss of water through evaporation
(transpiration), protects the leaf from mechanical injuries and
pathogens.
There are modified epidermal cells according to their functions:
• Guard cells – control the opening of the stoma
• Root hair cells – increase the surface area of the root for
water and mineral salts absorption.
6. Table 1.1 : Types of permananet tissues and their functions
Permanent Tissues Structure and Function
Ground Tissue:
Parenchyma
Tissues
Parencyma tissues are simplest living cells and do not go
differentiation.
They have the thinnest cell walls.
Parenchyma tissues are always in a turgid state providing
support and maintaining the shape of herbaceous plant.
Involved in photosynthesis, help in the storage of starch and
sugar, and involved in gaseous exchange.
Involved in the repair and regenaration of plant tissues as well
as in the vascular system.
7. Table 1.1 : Types of permananet tissues and their functions
Permanent Tissues Structure and Function
Ground Tissue:
Collenchyma
Tissues
Collenchyma tissues are made of living cells which mature into
cells that are flexible.
Have cell walls made of pectin and hemicellulose.
Their cell walls are thicker than parenchyma tissues.
Provide mechanical support and elasticity of plants.
8. Table 1.1 : Types of permananet tissues and their functions
Permanent Tissues Structure and Function
Ground Tissue:
Scelerenchyma
Tissues
Scelerenchyma tissues consist of dead cells when they are
matured.
Their cell walls are thickest among the three ground tissues.
Provide support and mechanical strength to the parts of
matured plants. These tissues also help in the transport of
water and nutrients in plants.
9. Table 1.1 : Types of permananet tissues and their functions
Permanent Tissues Structure and Function
Vascular Tissue:
Xylem
Xylem is made up of dead cells without the cytoplasm.
Their cell walls of xylem contain lignin.
Consist of xylem vessels that are elongated, hollow and
connected to each other from its roots to the leaves.
This enables xylem to transport water and mineral salt to all
parts of a plants.
10. Table 1.1 : Types of permananet tissues and their functions
Permanent Tissues Structure and Function
Vascular Tissue:
Phloem
Phloems are made of companion cells and sieve tubes.
Made of living cells, which is the sieve tubes with the presence
of cytoplasm.
The sieve tubes do not have any organelles such as nucleus and
ribosome as they decompose at maturity stage.
Phloems consist of sieve tubes arranged from end to end
forming elongated and continuous tube structures.
Phloems transport sugars produced from the photosynthesis
from the leaves to storage organs such as roots, fruits and
tubers.
11. Table 1.1 : Types of permananet tissues and their functions
Permanent Tissues Structure and Function
Vascular Tissue:
Phloem
Phloem are made of companion cells and sieve tubes.
Made of living cells, which is the sieve tubes with the presence
of cytoplasm.
The sieve tubes do not have any organelles such as nucleus and
ribosome as they decompose at maturity stage.
Phloem consists of sieve tubes arranged from end to end
forming elongated and continuous tube structures.
Phloem transports sugars produced from the photosynthesis
from the leaves to storage organs such as roots, fruits and
tubers.
FORMATIVE PRACTISE
1. State and example of cell modified from epidermal
cells.
2. Explain the differences of parenchyma, collenchyma
and sclerenchyma tissues. (Table form – Cells, Cell
walls and functions)
3. How is the structure of xylem adapted to its
functions?