Kribiolisa ELISA kits for drug monitoring of therapeutic drugs like Adalimumab, Trastuzumab, Atezolizumab, Eculizumab, Ranibizumab. Sensitive assays for drug monitoring and immunogenicity. CE marked.
The document discusses the isolation of antibiotic-resistant Actinomycetes from different soil samples to identify potential producers of novel antibiotics. Soil samples were collected and Actinomycetes were selectively isolated on media containing various antibiotics. Colonies showing different phenotypes were purified and screened for bioactivity against bacterial strains. Isolates showing activity were identified through 16S RNA sequencing to discover new antibiotic producers and combat rising antibiotic resistance.
A sandwich ELISA measures the amount of antigen between two layers of antibodies. One layer is the capture antibody, the other is the detection antibody. The antigen to be measured must contain at least two antigenic sites capable of binding to antibody, with one binding to the capture antibody and the other binding to the detection antibody.
Sandwich ELISA is very sensitive (more so than direct or indirect ELISA) and the sample does not have to be purified before analysis.
The document discusses several techniques used in molecular biology and genetics including making cDNA from mRNA, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of DNA, gel electrophoresis separation of DNA and proteins, restriction analysis to detect mutations, Southern blotting to detect specific DNA sequences, and DNA fingerprinting techniques like restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis and analysis of short tandem repeats (STRs).
1. ER/PR testing through immunohistochemistry is used to evaluate hormone receptor status in breast cancer and predict response to hormone therapies.
2. The immunohistochemistry procedure involves antigen retrieval, blocking, primary and secondary antibody staining, and chromogen detection of estrogen and progesterone receptors in tumor cells.
3. Several factors can affect immunohistochemistry results including tissue fixation, processing, antibody selection, and use of appropriate controls. Quality control measures are important for optimizing and validating ER/PR testing.
This document discusses carbapenamases, which are beta-lactamase enzymes that can hydrolyze carbapenem antibiotics, rendering them ineffective. It notes that carbapenamases are an emerging problem and now represent one of the most versatile beta-lactamase families. The document summarizes the main types of carbapenamases, including KPC, NDM, VIM, and OXA. It discusses the increasing spread of resistant bacteria producing these enzymes worldwide and outlines challenges for detection and treatment. Laboratory tests for detecting carbapenamase activity like the modified Hodge test are also summarized.
This study compared the performance of three molecular methods - MLPA, MAQ, and BoBs - for detecting chromosomal abnormalities in prenatal diagnosis using amniotic fluid and chorionic villus samples. BoBs produced no uninterpretable results and fully concordant results with the reference FISH method. BoBs was the most sensitive in detecting chromosomal mosaics and the only method that could detect microdeletion syndromes. The researchers concluded that BoBs provided the best performance out of the three methods for prenatal aneuploidy detection and microdeletion diagnosis.
This document provides a method for creating a collagen gel containing 3T3 fibroblasts to mimic dermal tissue. The method involves mixing collagen, reconstitution buffer, DMEM medium, and 3T3 fibroblasts on ice. The pH is adjusted using NaOH and small volumes are pipetted into wells and incubated overnight to solidify. The gel can be used within a week by changing the media every 2 days. Buffers and collagen suppliers are also described.
The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) uses antibodies and a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay to detect the presence of a specific antigen in a liquid or wet sample. Antigens from the sample are immobilised on a solid support either non-specifically or specifically. A specific antibody is then applied over the surface so it can bind to the antigen. This antibody is linked to an enzyme or can itself be detected by an enzyme-linked secondary antibody. In the final step, a substance containing the enzyme's substrate is added. The subsequent reaction produces a visible signal, most commonly a colour change in the substrate, which indicates the quantity of antigen in the sample.
When the presence of an antigen is analysed, the name "direct ELISA" refers to an ELISA in which only a labelled primary antibody is used, whereas the term "indirect ELISA" refers to an ELISA in which the antigen is bound by the primary antibody which then is detected by a labelled secondary antibody.
The document discusses the isolation of antibiotic-resistant Actinomycetes from different soil samples to identify potential producers of novel antibiotics. Soil samples were collected and Actinomycetes were selectively isolated on media containing various antibiotics. Colonies showing different phenotypes were purified and screened for bioactivity against bacterial strains. Isolates showing activity were identified through 16S RNA sequencing to discover new antibiotic producers and combat rising antibiotic resistance.
A sandwich ELISA measures the amount of antigen between two layers of antibodies. One layer is the capture antibody, the other is the detection antibody. The antigen to be measured must contain at least two antigenic sites capable of binding to antibody, with one binding to the capture antibody and the other binding to the detection antibody.
Sandwich ELISA is very sensitive (more so than direct or indirect ELISA) and the sample does not have to be purified before analysis.
The document discusses several techniques used in molecular biology and genetics including making cDNA from mRNA, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of DNA, gel electrophoresis separation of DNA and proteins, restriction analysis to detect mutations, Southern blotting to detect specific DNA sequences, and DNA fingerprinting techniques like restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis and analysis of short tandem repeats (STRs).
1. ER/PR testing through immunohistochemistry is used to evaluate hormone receptor status in breast cancer and predict response to hormone therapies.
2. The immunohistochemistry procedure involves antigen retrieval, blocking, primary and secondary antibody staining, and chromogen detection of estrogen and progesterone receptors in tumor cells.
3. Several factors can affect immunohistochemistry results including tissue fixation, processing, antibody selection, and use of appropriate controls. Quality control measures are important for optimizing and validating ER/PR testing.
This document discusses carbapenamases, which are beta-lactamase enzymes that can hydrolyze carbapenem antibiotics, rendering them ineffective. It notes that carbapenamases are an emerging problem and now represent one of the most versatile beta-lactamase families. The document summarizes the main types of carbapenamases, including KPC, NDM, VIM, and OXA. It discusses the increasing spread of resistant bacteria producing these enzymes worldwide and outlines challenges for detection and treatment. Laboratory tests for detecting carbapenamase activity like the modified Hodge test are also summarized.
This study compared the performance of three molecular methods - MLPA, MAQ, and BoBs - for detecting chromosomal abnormalities in prenatal diagnosis using amniotic fluid and chorionic villus samples. BoBs produced no uninterpretable results and fully concordant results with the reference FISH method. BoBs was the most sensitive in detecting chromosomal mosaics and the only method that could detect microdeletion syndromes. The researchers concluded that BoBs provided the best performance out of the three methods for prenatal aneuploidy detection and microdeletion diagnosis.
This document provides a method for creating a collagen gel containing 3T3 fibroblasts to mimic dermal tissue. The method involves mixing collagen, reconstitution buffer, DMEM medium, and 3T3 fibroblasts on ice. The pH is adjusted using NaOH and small volumes are pipetted into wells and incubated overnight to solidify. The gel can be used within a week by changing the media every 2 days. Buffers and collagen suppliers are also described.
The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) uses antibodies and a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay to detect the presence of a specific antigen in a liquid or wet sample. Antigens from the sample are immobilised on a solid support either non-specifically or specifically. A specific antibody is then applied over the surface so it can bind to the antigen. This antibody is linked to an enzyme or can itself be detected by an enzyme-linked secondary antibody. In the final step, a substance containing the enzyme's substrate is added. The subsequent reaction produces a visible signal, most commonly a colour change in the substrate, which indicates the quantity of antigen in the sample.
When the presence of an antigen is analysed, the name "direct ELISA" refers to an ELISA in which only a labelled primary antibody is used, whereas the term "indirect ELISA" refers to an ELISA in which the antigen is bound by the primary antibody which then is detected by a labelled secondary antibody.
Flow cytometry is a method used for cell counting, cell sorting, biomarker detection and protein engineering. It uses lasers to enable simultaneous multiparametric analysis of the physical and chemical characteristics of up to thousands of particles per second. Cells must be suspended in a stream of fluid and incubated with fluorescent-labelled antibodies which detect the expression of cell surface and intracellular molecules. The suspension is then passed by an electronic detection apparatus. The protocol for this technique is similar to but differs from that used for indirect flow cytometry, aka fluorescent-activated cell sorting (FACS).
Hcv Polymerase Inhibitor docking by discovery studioMarina Ibrahim
The document discusses polymerase inhibitors for treating hepatitis C virus (HCV). Egypt has one of the largest HCV epidemics in the world due to mass treatment campaigns in the 1960s-70s. HCV spreads through medical procedures and the polymerase (NS5B protein) is key to replicating the viral RNA. Several approved drugs are non-nucleoside polymerase inhibitors that bind outside the active site. The document explores modifying known indole acyl sulfonamide inhibitors through docking simulations. Molecule 8 had the highest predicted binding score, interacting hydrophobically with residues through an added thiophene ring. Computer-aided drug design was useful for testing modifications to improve binding of inhibitors to the HCV polymerase.
The document describes the ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) technique. ELISA involves using an enzyme to detect the binding of an antigen to its antibody. The enzyme converts a colorless substrate to a colored product, indicating the presence of the antigen-antibody binding. There are different types of ELISA including direct, indirect, sandwich, and competitive ELISA. ELISA is used to detect various diseases and was one of the first screening tests for HIV.
Dr Gokul Bangalore: Over the years antibiotic resistant infections have emerged as a serious threat world over. The mortality is increasing phenomenally and a serious thought should be given to prevent or at least delay the rapid development of resistance. Alexander Fleming clearly said in his speech when he received the Nobel prize in 1950, for the discovery of Penicillin, that if these antibiotics fall into wrong hands and misused, there will be increasing development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria ultimately pushing the world into pre antibiotic era. How true. The world is facing this now. Antibiotics are a single class of drugs which are maximally misused,abused, indiscriminately used and over used. Antibiotic stewardship programs should have been in place at least 40 years back when a pattern of resistance started emerging. Now every individual who prescribe antibiotics should think globally act locally. However there are a number of reasons for the failure of antibiotic stewardship programs. That is a different issue and addressed seriously.Gokul Bangalore: Dr. B. N. Gokul. MBBS, MD (Bangalore), Cert. HIC & ID (Sweden).
Former: Professor of Microbiology, NIMHANS, Bangalore,
Indirect flow cytometry, also known as fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) is a specialised type of flow cytometry. It provides a method for sorting a heterogeneous mixture of biological cells into two or more containers, one cell at a time, based upon the specific light scattering and fluorescent characteristics of each cell. It is a useful scientific instrument as it provides fast, objective and quantitative recording of fluorescent signals from individual cells as well as physical separation of cells of particular interest.
In contrast to direct flow cytometry, FACS requires two incubation steps. Firstly with the appropriate primary antibody, then with a fluorochrome-labelled secondary antibody.
The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) uses antibodies and a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay to detect the presence of a specific antigen in a liquid or wet sample. Antigens from the sample are immobilised on a solid support either non-specifically or specifically. A specific antibody is then applied over the surface so it can bind to the antigen. This antibody is linked to an enzyme or can itself be detected by an enzyme-linked secondary antibody. In the final step, a substance containing the enzyme's substrate is added. The subsequent reaction produces a visible signal, most commonly a colour change in the substrate, which indicates the quantity of antigen in the sample.
When the presence of an antigen is analysed, the name "direct ELISA" refers to an ELISA in which only a labelled primary antibody is used, whereas the term "indirect ELISA" refers to an ELISA in which the antigen is bound by the primary antibody which then is detected by a labelled secondary antibody.
A biochemical test that detects and measures antibodies
in your blood and antibodies related to certain infectious
conditions. ELISA tests are mainly used in immunology
It is easy to follow an established protocol recommended by the manufacturer. However that protocol need to be fine tuned for your lab to save money and time. If you have the luxury of time you may be able to save a bundle by staining using a very diluted antibody by staining overnight or even extending incubation time for one hour.
The document describes the procedure for performing a Dot ELISA assay. It contains 6 sections - Introduction, Principle, Kit Components & Storage, Procedure, Flow Chart, and Result & Interpretation. The Principle section explains that in Dot ELISA, antigen is coated on a nitrocellulose membrane and detected using an enzyme-labeled secondary antibody, appearing as brown dots. The Procedure section provides instructions for preparing reagents and carrying out the assay, including blocking, antibody incubation, washing, and developing with substrate. The Flow Chart further illustrates the step-by-step process. Positive results appear as brown dots, while negative controls have no color.
KRIBIOLISA Drug Monitoring ELISA Atezolizumabkrishgen
Kribiolisa ELISA kits for drug monitoring of therapeutic drugs like Adalimumab, Trastuzumab, Atezolizumab, Eculizumab, Ranibizumab. Sensitive assays for drug monitoring and immunogenicity. CE marked.
This document describes KRIBIOLISA ELISA kits for measuring drug and anti-drug antibody levels, including their KRIBIOLISA ADALIMUMAB ELISA and KRIBIOLISA ANTI-ADALIMUMAB ELISA kits. It provides details on the kit catalog numbers, assay type, sample matrix, calibration range, regulatory status, and validation methodology. It also summarizes a study that established a therapeutic drug level range of 3.51-7.00 mg/L for adalimumab treatment of plaque psoriasis.
KRIBIOLISA Drug Monitoring ELISA Trastuzumabkrishgen
Kribiolisa ELISA kits for drug monitoring of therapeutic drugs like Adalimumab, Trastuzumab, Atezolizumab, Eculizumab, Ranibizumab. Sensitive assays for drug monitoring and immunogenicity. CE marked.
KRIBIOLISA Drug Monitoring ELISA Eculizumabkrishgen
Kribiolisa ELISA kits for drug monitoring of therapeutic drugs like Adalimumab, Trastuzumab, Atezolizumab, Eculizumab, Ranibizumab. Sensitive assays for drug monitoring and immunogenicity. CE marked.
Immunoassays such as radioimmunoassay (RIA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) are biochemical tests that use antibodies to detect and measure substances like drugs, hormones, proteins, and tumor markers in biological samples. RIA uses radioactive isotopes to detect antigens or antibodies and is highly sensitive, while ELISA uses an enzyme-linked antibody to detect the presence of an antigen or antibody without radioactivity. Both tests are useful for clinical applications like detecting endocrine disorders, drug abuse, allergies, and cancer.
This document provides an introduction to radioimmunoassay (RIA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), including their principles, instrumentation, procedures, applications, advantages and disadvantages. RIA uses radiolabeled substrates to measure trace amounts of antigens or antibodies, while ELISA uses enzyme-labeled substrates to avoid radiation hazards. Both methods rely on antigen-antibody binding and can be used to detect substances like hormones, drugs and proteins. However, RIA requires specialized equipment and handling of radioactive materials. ELISA has become more widely used as it provides sensitive, reproducible detection without radiation safety issues.
This document discusses serological tests, which are antigen-antibody interactions used for classification and diagnosis. It describes three main categories of serological tests: 1) primary techniques like ELISA, IFAT, and RIA, 2) agglutination, complement fixation, precipitation, and serum neutralization tests, and 3) tertiary tests like determining protective value of antiserum in animals. ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) is highlighted as a common technique that detects antibodies or antigens in a solution using an enzyme conjugate and secondary antibody.
This document provides an overview of ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), a commonly used laboratory test to detect antibodies in blood. It discusses the basic principles of antigen-antibody interactions, the requirements and basic procedure for an ELISA test, and the four main types: direct ELISA, indirect ELISA, sandwich ELISA, and competition ELISA. ELISA testing is used to diagnose various infectious diseases and conditions by detecting antibodies produced in response to antigens. The procedure involves immobilizing antigens, adding samples and detection antibodies, conjugating enzymes to antibodies, and measuring color change from substrates to quantify the target protein.
This document provides an overview of immunoblotting techniques including Western blotting, Southern blotting, and Northern blotting. It defines immunoblotting as a technique for analyzing proteins, DNA, or RNA in a mixture using electrophoresis and antibodies. It describes the basic process of blotting as transferring separated biomolecules from a gel onto a membrane for detection. It then provides details on the specific procedures and applications of Western, Southern, and Northern blotting. It also discusses ELISA techniques for detecting antigens and antibodies.
ELISA use an enzyme to detect the binding of antigen (Ag) antibody (Ab). • The enzyme converts a colorless substrate (chromogen) to a colored product, indicating the presence of Ag:Ab binding. • An ELISA can be used to detect either the presence of antigens or antibodies in a sample depending how the test is designed
This document provides an overview of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. It discusses the history and development of ELISA, from its origins in the 1900s to its invention in 1971. The principle of ELISA is described, which uses an enzyme-linked antigen or antibody and colorimetric detection to quantify substances like peptides, proteins, and hormones. The document outlines the basic materials, reagents, samples, equipment and steps used in ELISA procedures. It also explains different types of ELISA including direct, indirect, sandwich and competitive ELISA and their variations.
The document describes several laboratory techniques used for bacterial diagnosis and identification:
1. Triple sugar-iron test differentiates bacteria based on carbohydrate fermentation patterns.
2. Nitrate reduction test identifies if bacteria can use nitrates for respiration by detecting nitrite or ammonia production.
3. Phage typing identifies bacterial strains using bacteriophages that only infect specific strains.
4. Agglutination tests detect antigens or antibodies through visible clumping reactions.
5. PCR amplifies bacterial DNA for precise identification by sequencing genes like 16S rRNA.
Flow cytometry is a method used for cell counting, cell sorting, biomarker detection and protein engineering. It uses lasers to enable simultaneous multiparametric analysis of the physical and chemical characteristics of up to thousands of particles per second. Cells must be suspended in a stream of fluid and incubated with fluorescent-labelled antibodies which detect the expression of cell surface and intracellular molecules. The suspension is then passed by an electronic detection apparatus. The protocol for this technique is similar to but differs from that used for indirect flow cytometry, aka fluorescent-activated cell sorting (FACS).
Hcv Polymerase Inhibitor docking by discovery studioMarina Ibrahim
The document discusses polymerase inhibitors for treating hepatitis C virus (HCV). Egypt has one of the largest HCV epidemics in the world due to mass treatment campaigns in the 1960s-70s. HCV spreads through medical procedures and the polymerase (NS5B protein) is key to replicating the viral RNA. Several approved drugs are non-nucleoside polymerase inhibitors that bind outside the active site. The document explores modifying known indole acyl sulfonamide inhibitors through docking simulations. Molecule 8 had the highest predicted binding score, interacting hydrophobically with residues through an added thiophene ring. Computer-aided drug design was useful for testing modifications to improve binding of inhibitors to the HCV polymerase.
The document describes the ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) technique. ELISA involves using an enzyme to detect the binding of an antigen to its antibody. The enzyme converts a colorless substrate to a colored product, indicating the presence of the antigen-antibody binding. There are different types of ELISA including direct, indirect, sandwich, and competitive ELISA. ELISA is used to detect various diseases and was one of the first screening tests for HIV.
Dr Gokul Bangalore: Over the years antibiotic resistant infections have emerged as a serious threat world over. The mortality is increasing phenomenally and a serious thought should be given to prevent or at least delay the rapid development of resistance. Alexander Fleming clearly said in his speech when he received the Nobel prize in 1950, for the discovery of Penicillin, that if these antibiotics fall into wrong hands and misused, there will be increasing development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria ultimately pushing the world into pre antibiotic era. How true. The world is facing this now. Antibiotics are a single class of drugs which are maximally misused,abused, indiscriminately used and over used. Antibiotic stewardship programs should have been in place at least 40 years back when a pattern of resistance started emerging. Now every individual who prescribe antibiotics should think globally act locally. However there are a number of reasons for the failure of antibiotic stewardship programs. That is a different issue and addressed seriously.Gokul Bangalore: Dr. B. N. Gokul. MBBS, MD (Bangalore), Cert. HIC & ID (Sweden).
Former: Professor of Microbiology, NIMHANS, Bangalore,
Indirect flow cytometry, also known as fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) is a specialised type of flow cytometry. It provides a method for sorting a heterogeneous mixture of biological cells into two or more containers, one cell at a time, based upon the specific light scattering and fluorescent characteristics of each cell. It is a useful scientific instrument as it provides fast, objective and quantitative recording of fluorescent signals from individual cells as well as physical separation of cells of particular interest.
In contrast to direct flow cytometry, FACS requires two incubation steps. Firstly with the appropriate primary antibody, then with a fluorochrome-labelled secondary antibody.
The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) uses antibodies and a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay to detect the presence of a specific antigen in a liquid or wet sample. Antigens from the sample are immobilised on a solid support either non-specifically or specifically. A specific antibody is then applied over the surface so it can bind to the antigen. This antibody is linked to an enzyme or can itself be detected by an enzyme-linked secondary antibody. In the final step, a substance containing the enzyme's substrate is added. The subsequent reaction produces a visible signal, most commonly a colour change in the substrate, which indicates the quantity of antigen in the sample.
When the presence of an antigen is analysed, the name "direct ELISA" refers to an ELISA in which only a labelled primary antibody is used, whereas the term "indirect ELISA" refers to an ELISA in which the antigen is bound by the primary antibody which then is detected by a labelled secondary antibody.
A biochemical test that detects and measures antibodies
in your blood and antibodies related to certain infectious
conditions. ELISA tests are mainly used in immunology
It is easy to follow an established protocol recommended by the manufacturer. However that protocol need to be fine tuned for your lab to save money and time. If you have the luxury of time you may be able to save a bundle by staining using a very diluted antibody by staining overnight or even extending incubation time for one hour.
The document describes the procedure for performing a Dot ELISA assay. It contains 6 sections - Introduction, Principle, Kit Components & Storage, Procedure, Flow Chart, and Result & Interpretation. The Principle section explains that in Dot ELISA, antigen is coated on a nitrocellulose membrane and detected using an enzyme-labeled secondary antibody, appearing as brown dots. The Procedure section provides instructions for preparing reagents and carrying out the assay, including blocking, antibody incubation, washing, and developing with substrate. The Flow Chart further illustrates the step-by-step process. Positive results appear as brown dots, while negative controls have no color.
KRIBIOLISA Drug Monitoring ELISA Atezolizumabkrishgen
Kribiolisa ELISA kits for drug monitoring of therapeutic drugs like Adalimumab, Trastuzumab, Atezolizumab, Eculizumab, Ranibizumab. Sensitive assays for drug monitoring and immunogenicity. CE marked.
This document describes KRIBIOLISA ELISA kits for measuring drug and anti-drug antibody levels, including their KRIBIOLISA ADALIMUMAB ELISA and KRIBIOLISA ANTI-ADALIMUMAB ELISA kits. It provides details on the kit catalog numbers, assay type, sample matrix, calibration range, regulatory status, and validation methodology. It also summarizes a study that established a therapeutic drug level range of 3.51-7.00 mg/L for adalimumab treatment of plaque psoriasis.
KRIBIOLISA Drug Monitoring ELISA Trastuzumabkrishgen
Kribiolisa ELISA kits for drug monitoring of therapeutic drugs like Adalimumab, Trastuzumab, Atezolizumab, Eculizumab, Ranibizumab. Sensitive assays for drug monitoring and immunogenicity. CE marked.
KRIBIOLISA Drug Monitoring ELISA Eculizumabkrishgen
Kribiolisa ELISA kits for drug monitoring of therapeutic drugs like Adalimumab, Trastuzumab, Atezolizumab, Eculizumab, Ranibizumab. Sensitive assays for drug monitoring and immunogenicity. CE marked.
Immunoassays such as radioimmunoassay (RIA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) are biochemical tests that use antibodies to detect and measure substances like drugs, hormones, proteins, and tumor markers in biological samples. RIA uses radioactive isotopes to detect antigens or antibodies and is highly sensitive, while ELISA uses an enzyme-linked antibody to detect the presence of an antigen or antibody without radioactivity. Both tests are useful for clinical applications like detecting endocrine disorders, drug abuse, allergies, and cancer.
This document provides an introduction to radioimmunoassay (RIA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), including their principles, instrumentation, procedures, applications, advantages and disadvantages. RIA uses radiolabeled substrates to measure trace amounts of antigens or antibodies, while ELISA uses enzyme-labeled substrates to avoid radiation hazards. Both methods rely on antigen-antibody binding and can be used to detect substances like hormones, drugs and proteins. However, RIA requires specialized equipment and handling of radioactive materials. ELISA has become more widely used as it provides sensitive, reproducible detection without radiation safety issues.
This document discusses serological tests, which are antigen-antibody interactions used for classification and diagnosis. It describes three main categories of serological tests: 1) primary techniques like ELISA, IFAT, and RIA, 2) agglutination, complement fixation, precipitation, and serum neutralization tests, and 3) tertiary tests like determining protective value of antiserum in animals. ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) is highlighted as a common technique that detects antibodies or antigens in a solution using an enzyme conjugate and secondary antibody.
This document provides an overview of ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), a commonly used laboratory test to detect antibodies in blood. It discusses the basic principles of antigen-antibody interactions, the requirements and basic procedure for an ELISA test, and the four main types: direct ELISA, indirect ELISA, sandwich ELISA, and competition ELISA. ELISA testing is used to diagnose various infectious diseases and conditions by detecting antibodies produced in response to antigens. The procedure involves immobilizing antigens, adding samples and detection antibodies, conjugating enzymes to antibodies, and measuring color change from substrates to quantify the target protein.
This document provides an overview of immunoblotting techniques including Western blotting, Southern blotting, and Northern blotting. It defines immunoblotting as a technique for analyzing proteins, DNA, or RNA in a mixture using electrophoresis and antibodies. It describes the basic process of blotting as transferring separated biomolecules from a gel onto a membrane for detection. It then provides details on the specific procedures and applications of Western, Southern, and Northern blotting. It also discusses ELISA techniques for detecting antigens and antibodies.
ELISA use an enzyme to detect the binding of antigen (Ag) antibody (Ab). • The enzyme converts a colorless substrate (chromogen) to a colored product, indicating the presence of Ag:Ab binding. • An ELISA can be used to detect either the presence of antigens or antibodies in a sample depending how the test is designed
This document provides an overview of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. It discusses the history and development of ELISA, from its origins in the 1900s to its invention in 1971. The principle of ELISA is described, which uses an enzyme-linked antigen or antibody and colorimetric detection to quantify substances like peptides, proteins, and hormones. The document outlines the basic materials, reagents, samples, equipment and steps used in ELISA procedures. It also explains different types of ELISA including direct, indirect, sandwich and competitive ELISA and their variations.
The document describes several laboratory techniques used for bacterial diagnosis and identification:
1. Triple sugar-iron test differentiates bacteria based on carbohydrate fermentation patterns.
2. Nitrate reduction test identifies if bacteria can use nitrates for respiration by detecting nitrite or ammonia production.
3. Phage typing identifies bacterial strains using bacteriophages that only infect specific strains.
4. Agglutination tests detect antigens or antibodies through visible clumping reactions.
5. PCR amplifies bacterial DNA for precise identification by sequencing genes like 16S rRNA.
This document describes several molecular biology techniques used in special investigations including PCR, Western blot, ELISA, fingerprinting, and haemagglutination inhibition. PCR is used to amplify DNA fragments for analysis. Western blot separates and identifies specific proteins. ELISA links enzymes to antigens or antibodies to detect proteins. Fingerprinting compares molecular weights of microbial strains. Haemagglutination inhibition identifies viruses by preventing their binding to red blood cells. Each technique provides different information and has specific applications, errors, and results.
April 2014 - Antibodies Newsflash - BBI SolutionsBBISolutions
This month’s newsflash focuses on our recombinant Fab antibodies. Find out more about their clinical relevance and see new performance data for Cystatin C, Myeloperoxidase and C Reactive Protein recombinant Fab antibodies.
Antibiotic Senstivity Testing 2017 UpdateMargie Morgan
This document discusses antibiotic sensitivity testing and provides updates from 2017. It describes various antibiotic classes and the major mechanisms of antibiotic resistance. It then covers the key methods for testing antibiotic sensitivity, including disk diffusion, E test, and broth dilution. Quality control and preparation of bacteria are also outlined. The document concludes by discussing specific resistant bacteria such as MRSA, ESBLs, and mechanisms of beta-lactamase production.
Definition of ELISA, Immunochemical principle of ELISA, Direct, Indirect, Sandwich and Competitive ELISA, applications of ELISA in the diagnostic field, and benefits/drawbacks of ELISA.
This document provides an overview of immunohistochemistry (IHC), including its definition, principle, techniques, and applications. IHC allows for the in situ detection of antigens in tissues through antigen-antibody recognition, with antibodies tagged using visible labels since they cannot be seen microscopically. The document discusses sample preparation, various detection and labeling methods like direct conjugate, indirect conjugate, avidin-biotin, amplification techniques, blocking nonspecific binding, and assessment and reporting of IHC reactions. It also covers common IHC markers for different tissues and cell types.
SYNOPSIS
INTRODUCTION
PRINCIPLE
HISTORY
HOW TO RIA WORK
METHOD
APPLICATION OF RIA
ADVANTAGE
DISADVANTAGE
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
The technique in which a radioisotope is used as a tag or label (i.e. radioisotope covalently linked to antigen or antibody) for the detection of antigen-antibody complex is known as RIA.
RIA involves the separation of a protein (from a mixture) using the specificity of antibody - antigen binding and quantifitation using radioactivity.
RIAs utilize a radioactive label (usually 125I, 3H or 14C), which emits radiation that can be measured with a beta or gamma counter.
This document summarizes Radioimmunoassay (RIA) and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) techniques. RIA was developed in 1959 and uses radioactive molecules to detect antigens or antibodies in biological samples. It is highly sensitive but requires special safety precautions due to radioactivity. ELISA was developed later and uses enzyme-linked antibodies to detect antigens or antibodies through a color change reaction. It has advantages over RIA like no radioactivity, higher sample throughput, and easier automation. Both techniques are widely used in clinical diagnostics, research, and other applications to detect various molecules.
Similar to KRIBIOLISA Drug Monitoring ELISA Ranibizumab (20)
Validation of factor xa assay for tinzaparin sodium tinzaparin injectionkrishgen
chromogenic assay intended for the quantitative determination in purified solutions by measurement of factor IIa or Xa inhibition activity. The kit can be used for 100 test reactions as per microtiter plate protocol.
Validation of factor i ia assay for tinzaparin sodium-tinzaparin injectionkrishgen
chromogenic assay intended for the quantitative determination in purified solutions by measurement of factor IIa or Xa inhibition activity. The kit can be used for 100 test reactions as per microtiter plate protocol.
Validation of factor xa assay for nadroparin calcium nadroparin injectionkrishgen
This document describes a chromogenic assay used to quantify the anticoagulant Nadroparin in samples by measuring its inhibitory effect on factor Xa. The assay involves incubating Nadroparin samples with factor Xa and anti-thrombin III, then adding a chromogenic substrate and measuring the absorbance. The absorbance is inversely proportional to the Nadroparin concentration as it inhibits factor Xa activity. The assay kit and procedure are validated for use in quantifying Nadroparin levels in bioequivalence studies.
Validation of factor xa assay for heparin sodium heparin injectionkrishgen
This document summarizes the procedures for using a chromogenic assay kit to quantify heparin levels in samples by measuring heparin's anti-factor Xa activity. The kit utilizes heparin's ability to catalyze the reaction between factor Xa and antithrombin III, which allows the residual factor Xa activity to be measured and used to determine heparin concentration in unknown samples. The document outlines the materials provided, reconstitution procedures, standard and sample preparation steps, assay procedure, and methods for data analysis and interpretation of results.
Validation of factor xa assay for enoxaparin sodium enoxaparin injectionkrishgen
chromogenic assay intended for the quantitative determination in purified solutions by measurement of factor IIa or Xa inhibition activity. The kit can be used for 100 test reactions as per microtiter plate protocol.
Validation of factor xa assay for dalteparin sodium dalteparin injectionkrishgen
chromogenic assay intended for the quantitative determination in purified solutions by measurement of factor IIa or Xa inhibition activity. The kit can be used for 100 test reactions as per microtiter plate protocol.
Validation of Factor IIa for heparin sodium or heparin injectionkrishgen
A chromogenic assay intended for the quantitative determination in purified solutions by measurement of factor IIa or Xa inhibition activity. The kit can be used for 100 test reactions as per microtiter plate protocol.
Validation of Factor IIa assay for nadroparin calcium or nadroparin injectionkrishgen
A chromogenic assay intended for the quantitative determination in purified solutions by measurement of factor IIa or Xa inhibition activity. The kit can be used for 100 test reactions as per microtiter plate protocol.
Validation of Factor IIa assay for enoxaparin sodium or enoxaparin injectionkrishgen
A chromogenic assay intended for the quantitative determination in purified solutions by measurement of factor IIa or Xa inhibition activity. The kit can be used for 100 test reactions as per microtiter plate protocol.
Validation of Factor II and Xa Chromogenic Assays for Dalteparin, Enoxaparin,...krishgen
A chromogenic assay intended for the quantitative determination in purified solutions by measurement of factor IIa or Xa inhibition activity. The kit can be used for 100 test reactions as per microtiter plate protocol.
Validation of anti niv igm capture elisa version#1krishgen
NiV is a negative-sense, non-segmented RNA virus that was first isolated from cerebrospinal fluid of human patients and classified in the family Paramyxoviridae under the new genus
Henipavirus. Its genome encodes six structural proteins: the nucleocapsid (N) protein,
phosphoprotein (P), matrix (M) protein, fusion (F) protein, glycoprotein (G), and large (L)
protein.
Nipah virus glycoprotein G has a globular head domain formed of a six-bladed beta sheet propeller, connected via a flexible stalk domain to a transmembrane anchor. The G binds to the cellular receptors ephrin B2 are ephrin B3, mediating viral attachment. Following attachment Nipah Virus glycoprotein G undergoes a conformational change that leads to triggering of glycoprotein F which leads to membrane fusion (Biering et al, 2012).
The Nipah virus glycoprotein G is a recombinant protein expressed in mammalian HEK293 cells. It is presented as a fusion protein with a mouse Fc tag linked to the C-terminus of glycoprotein G, amino acids 71-602.
We established preliminary specifications defining acceptable ranges for the parameters indicated herein below for our Anti Nipah Virus IgM Capture ELISA kit. These parameters were tracked day-to-day, run-to-run, and operator-to-operator, over a schedule defined inhouse.
Recommended assay characteristics included absorbance of a zero concentration standard; factors which describe the calibration for each standard and statistical description of the calibration curve such as coefficient of correlation, slope and/or intercept; and recovery of results on control samples. It is important to be able to relate the specifications for a parameter to expected reliability of the result. Our in-house standard defined was r=0.990.
Validation of bevacizumab elisa ich q2 ver3,0 dt14.03krishgen
This document presents a discussion of the characteristics of our KRIBIOLISA™
BEVACIZUMAB ELISA kit considered by us during the validation of this kit in accordance
with ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines. The document is prepared based on tests run in our laboratory
and does not necessarily seek to cover the testing that may be required at user’s end for
registration in, or regulatory submissions. The objective of this validation is to demonstrate
that it is suitable for its intended purpose – detection of Bevacizumab (Avastin)
White Paper : Need for Standardization of Tests for Plant Viruseskrishgen
The document discusses the need to standardize virus testing procedures for tissue culture plants in India. Currently, each accredited testing laboratory uses its own in-house assays and methods, leading to inconsistent results. The author proposes that the Department of Biotechnology accredit standardized virus testing kits from commercial Indian manufacturers to be used uniformly across all testing laboratories. This would ensure a transparent, reproducible certification process and boost confidence among stakeholders in the tissue culture industry.
KRISHGEN is leading manufacturer of ELISA kits for measuring markers in rat serum or plasma. Citations are available for majority of the products and can be viewed on the website.
KRISHGEN is a leading manufacturer of fluroescent based assay kits which can be used on plate readers. With numerous citations for their products, the company is a leading assay and kits manufacturer.
Krishgen is an Indian biotech company established in 2003 that focuses on developing tools for the life sciences and agriculture industries. It has experienced strong growth, with revenues reaching $5 million in 2011. Krishgen provides products and services related to medical diagnostics, drug discovery research, biopharmaceuticals, and plant/food sciences. It aims to enable breakthroughs in biological research and disease treatment.
Krishgen is an Indian biotech company established in 2003 that focuses on developing tools for the life sciences and agri industries. It has experienced strong growth, with revenues reaching $5 million in 2011. The company provides products and services related to medical diagnostics, drug discovery research, biopharmaceuticals, and plant/food sciences.
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Gemma Wean- Nutritional solution for Artemiasmuskaan0008
GEMMA Wean is a high end larval co-feeding and weaning diet aimed at Artemia optimisation and is fortified with a high level of proteins and phospholipids. GEMMA Wean provides the early weaned juveniles with dedicated fish nutrition and is an ideal follow on from GEMMA Micro or Artemia.
GEMMA Wean has an optimised nutritional balance and physical quality so that it flows more freely and spreads readily on the water surface. The balance of phospholipid classes to- gether with the production technology based on a low temperature extrusion process improve the physical aspect of the pellets while still retaining the high phospholipid content.
GEMMA Wean is available in 0.1mm, 0.2mm and 0.3mm. There is also a 0.5mm micro-pellet, GEMMA Wean Diamond, which covers the early nursery stage from post-weaning to pre-growing.
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Rate Controlled Drug Delivery Systems, Activation Modulated Drug Delivery Systems, Mechanically activated, pH activated, Enzyme activated, Osmotic activated Drug Delivery Systems, Feedback regulated Drug Delivery Systems systems are discussed here.
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The South Beach Coffee Java Diet is a variation of the popular South Beach Diet, which was developed by cardiologist Dr. Arthur Agatston. The original South Beach Diet focuses on consuming lean proteins, healthy fats, and low-glycemic index carbohydrates. The South Beach Coffee Java Diet adds the element of coffee, specifically caffeine, to enhance weight loss and improve energy levels.
This particular slides consist of- what is Pneumothorax,what are it's causes and it's effect on body, risk factors, symptoms,complications, diagnosis and role of physiotherapy in it.
This slide is very helpful for physiotherapy students and also for other medical and healthcare students.
Here is a summary of Pneumothorax:
Pneumothorax, also known as a collapsed lung, is a condition that occurs when air leaks into the space between the lung and chest wall. This air buildup puts pressure on the lung, preventing it from expanding fully when you breathe. A pneumothorax can cause a complete or partial collapse of the lung.
Feeding plate for a newborn with Cleft Palate.pptxSatvikaPrasad
A feeding plate is a prosthetic device used for newborns with a cleft palate to assist in feeding and improve nutrition intake. From a prosthodontic perspective, this plate acts as a barrier between the oral and nasal cavities, facilitating effective sucking and swallowing by providing a more normal anatomical structure. It helps to prevent milk from entering the nasal passage, thereby reducing the risk of aspiration and enhancing the infant's ability to feed efficiently. The feeding plate also aids in the development of the oral muscles and can contribute to better growth and weight gain. Its custom fabrication and proper fitting by a prosthodontist are crucial for ensuring comfort and functionality, as well as for minimizing potential complications. Early intervention with a feeding plate can significantly improve the quality of life for both the infant and the parents.
Let's Talk About It: Breast Cancer (What is Mindset and Does it Really Matter?)bkling
Your mindset is the way you make sense of the world around you. This lens influences the way you think, the way you feel, and how you might behave in certain situations. Let's talk about mindset myths that can get us into trouble and ways to cultivate a mindset to support your cancer survivorship in authentic ways. Let’s Talk About It!
Hypertension and it's role of physiotherapy in it.Vishal kr Thakur
This particular slides consist of- what is hypertension,what are it's causes and it's effect on body, risk factors, symptoms,complications, diagnosis and role of physiotherapy in it.
This slide is very helpful for physiotherapy students and also for other medical and healthcare students.
Here is summary of hypertension -
Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a serious medical condition that occurs when blood pressure in the body's arteries is consistently too high. Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of blood vessels as the heart pumps it. Hypertension can increase the risk of heart disease, brain disease, kidney disease, and premature death.
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In order to protect visitors' safety and wellbeing, Travel Clinic Leicester offers a wide range of travel-related health treatments, including individualized counseling and vaccines. Our team of medical experts specializes in getting people ready for international travel, with a particular emphasis on vaccines and health consultations to prevent travel-related illnesses. We provide a range of travel-related services, such as health concerns unique to a trip, prevention of malaria, and travel-related medical supplies. Our clinic is dedicated to providing top-notch care, keeping abreast of the most recent recommendations for vaccinations and travel health precautions. The goal of Travel Clinic Leicester is to keep you safe and well-rested no matter what kind of travel you choose—business, pleasure, or adventure.
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This particular slides consist of- what is hypotension,what are it's causes and it's effect on body, risk factors, symptoms,complications, diagnosis and role of physiotherapy in it.
This slide is very helpful for physiotherapy students and also for other medical and healthcare students.
Here is the summary of hypotension:
Hypotension, or low blood pressure, is when the pressure of blood circulating in the body is lower than normal or expected. It's only a problem if it negatively impacts the body and causes symptoms. Normal blood pressure is usually between 90/60 mmHg and 120/80 mmHg, but pressures below 90/60 are generally considered hypotensive.
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KRIBIOLISA Drug Monitoring ELISA Ranibizumab
1. RANIBIZUMAB
T H E F O R E F R O N T O F B I O L O G I C S M O N I T O R I N G
KRIBIOLISA™
ASSAY KITS
KRIBIOLISA RANIBIZUMAB ELISA
KRIBIOLISA ANTI-RANIBIZUMAB ELISA
Marked Kits
DRUG ASSAYS
KRIBIOLISA™ Rituximab (RITUXAN®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Infliximab (REMICADE®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Alemtuzumab (LEMTRADA®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Etarnacept (ENBREL®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Ustekinumab (STELARA®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Adalimumab (HUMIRA®)ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Bevacuzimab (AVASTIN®)ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Trastuzumab (HERCEPTIN) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Humanized Anti-Her2/neu (Herceptin/Trastuzumab) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Cetuximab (ERBITUX®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Golimumab (SIMPONI®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Natalizumab (TYSABRI®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Omalizumab (XOLAIR®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Tocilizumab (ACTEMRA®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Eculizumab (SOLIRIS®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Ipilimumab (YERVOY®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Denosumab (PROLIA®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Atezolizumab (TECENTRIQ®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Daratumumab (DARZALEX®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Ranibizumab (LUCENTIS®) ELISA
ANTI-DRUG ANTIBODY ASSAYS
KRIBIOLISA™ Anti-Rituximab (RITUXAN®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Anti-Infliximab (REMICADE®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Anti-Alemtuzumab (LEMTRADA®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Anti-Etarnacept (ENBREL®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Anti-Ustekinumab (STELARA®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Anti-Adalimumab (HUMIRA®)ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Anti-Bevacuzimab (AVASTIN®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Anti-Trastuzumab (HERCEPTIN®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Anti-Cetuximab (ERBITUX®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Anti-Golimumab (SIMPONI®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Anti-Natalizumab (TYSABRI®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Anti-Omalizumab (XOLAIR®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Anti-Tocilizumab (ACTEMRA®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Anti Eculizumab (SOLIRIS®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Anti-Ipilimumab (YERVOY®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Anti-Denosumab (PROLIA®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Anti-Atezolizumab (TECENTRIQ®) ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ Anti-Daratumumab (DARZALEX®) ELISA
*®alltrademarksandregisteredbrandsareoftheirrespectiveown-
KRIBIOLISA™ is the Registered TradeMark of KRISHGEN BIOSYSTEMS
USA: 3380 Paseo Drive, Brea, CA 92823 | email: info@krishgen.com | tel: 213-2913096
India: Unit Nos#318/319, Shah & Nahar, Off Dr E Moses Road, Worli, Mumbai 400018. | email: sales@krishgen.com | tel: 22-49198700
2. O U R P H I L O S O P H Y I S T O D E L I V E R T H E B E S T A S S A Y A N D
T O O L S F O R Y O U R S C I E N C E .
ASSAY KIT PARTICULARS :
KRIBIOLISA™ RANIBIZUMAB ELISA KRIBIOLISA™ ANTI-RANIBIZUMAB ELISA
KIT CATALOG NUMBER: KBI1029 KIT CATALOG NUMBER: KBI2029
TYPE OF ASSAY: ELISA, SANDWICH BASED TYPE OF ASSAY: ELISA, SANDWICH BASED
SAMPLE MATRIX: SERUM, PLASMA, CELL CULTURE SAMPLE MATRIX: SERUM, PLASMA, CELL CULTURE
SUPERNATANT SUPERNATANT
CALIBRATOR RANGE: 0 - 500 NG/ML CALIBRATOR RANGE: 0 - 640 NG/ML
REGULATORY STATUS: REGULATORY STATUS:
IN USA : FOR RESEARCH USE IN USA : FOR RESEARCH USE
IN EUROPE : CE MARKED, FOR IVD USE IN EUROPE : CE MARKED, FOR IVD USE
VALIDATION:
AS PER ICH AND FDA GUIDELINES FOR BIOLOGICAL ASSAYS
RANIBIZUMAB -
VEGF-A INHIBITOR
Drug Class: Monoclonal Antibodies;
VEGF-A Inhibitor
Ranibizumab is a recombinant human-
ized IgG1 kappa isotype monoclonal
antibody fragment designed for intra-
ocular use. Ranibizumab binds to and
inhibits the biologic activity of human
vascular endothelial growth factor A
(VEGF-A).
Ranibizumab is a VEGF-A antagonist
that binds to and inhibits the biologic
activity of active forms of human VEGF
-A, including the cleaved form
(VEGF110). VEGF-A has been shown
to cause neovascularization
(angiogenesis) and an increase in
vascular permeability, which is thought
to contribute to the progression of the
neovascular form of age-related macu-
lar degeneration (AMD).
Ranibizumab has a molecular weight
of approximately 48 kilodaltons and is
produced by an E. coli expression sys-
tem in a nutrient medium containing
the antibiotic tetracycline (tetracycline
is not detectable in the final product).
It is indicated by FDA for the treatment
of macular edema after retinal vein
occlusion, age-related macular degen-
eration (wet), and diabetic macular
edema.
O U R K R I B I O L I S A ™ R A N I B I Z U M A B E L I S A H A S A S E N S I T I V E R A N G E : 0 - 5 0 0 N G / M L
F O R S E R U M M E A S U R E M E N T S .
KRIBIOLISA™RANIBIZUMAB ELISA
KRIBIOLISA™ANTI-RANIBIZUMAB ELISA
SYSTEMIC PHARMACOKINETICS AND PHARMACODYNAMICS OF INTRAVITREAL AFLIBERCEPT, BEVACIZUMAB,
AND RANIBIZUMAB
Robert L. Avery, MD, Alessandro A. Castellarin, MD,* Nathan C. Steinle, MD,* Dilsher S. Dhoot, MD,* Dante J. Pieramici, MD,* Robert See,
MD,* Stephen Couvillion, MD,* Ma'an A. Nasir, MD,* Melvin D. Rabena, BS,* Mauricio Maia, PhD,† Sherri Van Everen, PharmD,† Kha Le,
PhD,† and William D. Hanley, PhD†
*California Retina Consultants, Santa Barbara, California; and †Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, California.
Purpose:
To evaluate the systemic pharmacokinetics (PKs) of aflibercept, bevacizumab, and ranibizumab in patients with neovascular age-related
macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic macular edema (DME), or retinal vein occlusion (RVO).
Sample Collection and Bioanalytical Methods
... Analyses of serum drug levels and plasma concentrations of free-VEGF have been described in detail previously. CTAD (citrate, theo-
phylline, adenosine, and dipyridamole) tubes were used for the collection of plasma samples because of their ability to preserve platelets
and prevent activation.VEGF was measured in plasma samples, as opposed to serum, to prevent or minimize release of VEGF from plate-
lets. Serum levels of aflibercept, bevacizumab, and ranibizumab were analyzed using solution phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent as-
says (ELISA). The lower limits of quantitation (LLOQ) for aflibercept, bevacizumab, and ranibizumab were 1,000 pg/mL, 313 pg/mL, and
15.0 pg/mL, respectively. Plasma concentrations of free-VEGF were determined using the ... ELISA kit, with an LLOQ of 10 pg/mL.
KRIBIOLISA™ RANIBIZUMAB ELISA
The method employs the quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique. Antibodies to Ranibizumab are pre-coated onto mi-
crowells. Samples and standards are pipetted into microwells and human Ranibizumab present in the sample are bound by the capture
antibody. Then, a HRP (horseradish peroxidase) conjugated anti-Ranibizumab antibody is pipetted and incubated. After washing mi-
crowells in order to remove any non-specific binding, the ready to use substrate solution (TMB) is added to microwells and color devel-
ops proportionally to the amount of Ranibizumab in the sample. Color development is then stopped by addition of stop solution. Ab-
sorbance is measured at 450 nm.
KRIBIOLISA™ ANTI-RANIBIZUMAB ELISA
The method employs the quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique. Ranibizumab is pre-coated onto microwells. Samples
and standards are pipetted into microwells and antibodies to Ranibizumab present in the sample are bound by the capture antibody.
Then, a HRP (horseradish peroxidase) conjugated Ranibizumab is pipetted and incubated. After washing microwells in order to remove
any nonspecific binding, the ready to use substrate solution (TMB) is added to microwells and color develops proportionally to the
amount of Anti-Ranibizumab in the sample. Color development is then stopped by addition of stop solution. Absorbance is measured at
450 nm.
KRIBIOLISA™ RANIBIZUMAB ELISA
The Calibrators have been standardized against innovator drug- Lucentis® sourced commercially.
KRIBIOLISA™ ANTI-RANIBIZUMAB ELISA
The Calibrators have been standardized against antibodies to Ranibizumab sourced commercially.
PRINCIPAL OF THE ASSAY + KIT PARAMETERS
CALIBRATORS VALIDATION + KIT PARAMETERS
PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS + KIT PARAMETERS
KRIBIOLISA™ RANIBIZUMAB ELISA
Sensitivity (LOD) : 1.00 NG/ML Precision: Inter/Intra Assay: < 10% Cross Reactivity: Ranibizumab, 100%
KRIBIOLISA™ ANTI-RANIBIZUMAB ELISA
Sensitivity (LOD) : 8.00 NG/ML Precision: Inter/Intra Assay: < 10% Cross Reactivity: Ranibizumab, 100%
Lucentis® is the registered trade mark of Genentech Inc.
High Sensitivity Assays:
Limit of Detection: 1.0 NG/ML
8.0 NG/ML
Seven Point Calibration Curve
for High Degree Of Accuracy