The purpose of this study was to gather, analyze, and elaborate big data on Facebook’s essential information, with a specific focus on the information obtained from Korean-popular (K-Pop) fan pages on the social networking site. For this analysis, a total of 3,531,736 comments by Korean-pop fans were gathered from various K-pop Facebook pages. In order to interpret how 11 extremely popular Facebook pages shape Thai fans’ enthusiasm for the South Korean music industry, descriptive statistics and visualization analysis were employed. Finally, data analytics and correlation analysis were used to evaluate the essential understanding of the Facebook pages. The research revealed three key findings: i) K-pop fan pages provide more opportunities for Thai fans to express their support for K-pop artists and advocate for causes, ii) K-pop fan pages provide more opportunities for Thai fans to communicate with K-pop artists, and iii) K-pop fan pages build opportunities for Thai fans to establish a more glamorous online presence despite limitations concerning financial resources, foreign language skills, and opportunities. In the future, the research outcomes may be valuable for academic studies and practice.
The increasing role of social media has been recognized as an increasingly effective marketing tool for a broad section of enterprises. This paper highlights the first stage of the engagement strategy using social media for an academic laboratory, and provides an insight for others wishing to take advantage of the various social networking tools that are available. The lab engages with different constituencies such as students, faculty, and alumni, industrial and governmental agencies. As these constituents online presence is fragmented over a number of different social websites (Twitter™, LinkedIn™ for example), there is no longer an effective single point of contact to engage them. With that in mind, researchers in the lab created accounts on, and started using Twitter™, LinkedIn™ and SlideShare™. Data about site referrals to the BSPA Laboratory’s homepage was gathered using Google Analytics™, in order to analyze the effects (if any) that social networks might have in promotional activities and increased interaction with the BSPA Laboratory home page (http://www.bspalabs.org/). Although this paper is a preliminary report on a short term progress, the data shows the differences in unique visitors before and after becoming active in social networks and will show data linking specific social network with an effect.
20 9131 a review of social media edit septianIAESIJEECS
Most recent couple of years a few new systems administration locales wound up plainly famous (WhatsApp, Google Plus, Instagram), the utilization base developed significantly, and Facebook purchased over some of its opposition. The development of online networking alongside the fast development of advanced mobile phone use has likewise had an incredible effect on different features of our lives. This period additionally observed an extraordinary measure of overviews being led on the development of SNS, how individuals and organizations utilize them, and what are the effects caused by this media. In this paper, we introduce and break down the study comes about, and the effect it has caused on the organizations and society on the loose. We likewise concentrate on a portion of the particular sections of the general public while breaking down the effect. Further, we likewise have talked about the eventual fate of long range informal communication, how the advantages can be used for the improvement of the group, including training field, and furthermore the significance of taking essential care in order to keep away from the genuine negative effects of SNS.
THE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF STUDENT...Kasthuripriya Nanda Kumar
This document is a research paper that examines the effects of social networking sites on the academic performance of college students. It begins with background information on the rise of social networking and introduces the research problem of whether these sites impact students' grades. The purpose is to determine this impact through a study of 30 students at Taj International College. A literature review discusses previous research, which has found mixed results on whether time spent on social networking correlates with academic performance.
Sentiment analysis of comments in social media IJECEIAES
Social media platforms are witnessing a significant growth in both size and purpose. One specific aspect of social media platforms is sentiment analysis, by which insights into the emotions and feelings of a person can be inferred from their posted text. Research related to sentiment analysis is acquiring substantial interest as it is a promising filed that can improve user experience and provide countless personalized services. Twitter is one of the most popular social media platforms, it has users from different regions with a variety of cultures and languages. It can thus provide valuable information for a diverse and large amount of data to be used to improve decision making. In this paper, the sentiment orientation of the textual features and emoji-based components is studied targeting “Tweets” and comments posted in Arabic on Twitter, during the 2018 world cup event. This study also measures the significance of analyzing texts including or excluding emojis. The data is obtained from thousands of extracted tweets, to find the results of sentiment analysis for texts and emojis separately. Results show that emojis support the sentiment orientation of the texts and those texts or emojis cannot separately provide reliable information as they complement each other to give the intended meaning.
Paradigm in Traditional Marketing: Social Media & Gen YToni Gardner
The document discusses how social media applications can impact online customer relationship management, customer satisfaction, and trust as Generation Y becomes the majority consumer base. It reviews literature on social media technologies like Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, and their roles. Generation Y has different characteristics than older generations as they grew up with technology. The document suggests companies should understand Gen Y and use social media to attract and engage them.
A century from now historians may look back on the beginning of the era of ubiquitous computing and note how human behavior fundamentally changed, when access to information and communication became instantaneous for nearly every person across the world.
Attitude towards Using Internet among B.Ed., Students in Thanjavur Districtijtsrd
The Internet is a storehouse of knowledge. General Knowledge is an essential part of education. The Internet is the best means for acquiring know how. The students can learn very interesting things by accessing the internet. The access to Internet is very useful for the students to develop their innovation capability in their subject and knowledge of the world. The Internet can give us a clear idea of the current events of the country and the world. The Internet also brings out the plans and policies of the corporations and the government. The Internet is the best medium of advertisement concerning business, trade and industry in all over the world. V. Vijayalakshmi | Dr. R. Gunasekaran "Attitude towards Using Internet among B.Ed., Students in Thanjavur District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-4 , June 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49984.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/49984/attitude-towards-using-internet-among-bed-students-in-thanjavur-district/v-vijayalakshmi
The increasing role of social media has been recognized as an increasingly effective marketing tool for a broad section of enterprises. This paper highlights the first stage of the engagement strategy using social media for an academic laboratory, and provides an insight for others wishing to take advantage of the various social networking tools that are available. The lab engages with different constituencies such as students, faculty, and alumni, industrial and governmental agencies. As these constituents online presence is fragmented over a number of different social websites (Twitter™, LinkedIn™ for example), there is no longer an effective single point of contact to engage them. With that in mind, researchers in the lab created accounts on, and started using Twitter™, LinkedIn™ and SlideShare™. Data about site referrals to the BSPA Laboratory’s homepage was gathered using Google Analytics™, in order to analyze the effects (if any) that social networks might have in promotional activities and increased interaction with the BSPA Laboratory home page (http://www.bspalabs.org/). Although this paper is a preliminary report on a short term progress, the data shows the differences in unique visitors before and after becoming active in social networks and will show data linking specific social network with an effect.
20 9131 a review of social media edit septianIAESIJEECS
Most recent couple of years a few new systems administration locales wound up plainly famous (WhatsApp, Google Plus, Instagram), the utilization base developed significantly, and Facebook purchased over some of its opposition. The development of online networking alongside the fast development of advanced mobile phone use has likewise had an incredible effect on different features of our lives. This period additionally observed an extraordinary measure of overviews being led on the development of SNS, how individuals and organizations utilize them, and what are the effects caused by this media. In this paper, we introduce and break down the study comes about, and the effect it has caused on the organizations and society on the loose. We likewise concentrate on a portion of the particular sections of the general public while breaking down the effect. Further, we likewise have talked about the eventual fate of long range informal communication, how the advantages can be used for the improvement of the group, including training field, and furthermore the significance of taking essential care in order to keep away from the genuine negative effects of SNS.
THE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF STUDENT...Kasthuripriya Nanda Kumar
This document is a research paper that examines the effects of social networking sites on the academic performance of college students. It begins with background information on the rise of social networking and introduces the research problem of whether these sites impact students' grades. The purpose is to determine this impact through a study of 30 students at Taj International College. A literature review discusses previous research, which has found mixed results on whether time spent on social networking correlates with academic performance.
Sentiment analysis of comments in social media IJECEIAES
Social media platforms are witnessing a significant growth in both size and purpose. One specific aspect of social media platforms is sentiment analysis, by which insights into the emotions and feelings of a person can be inferred from their posted text. Research related to sentiment analysis is acquiring substantial interest as it is a promising filed that can improve user experience and provide countless personalized services. Twitter is one of the most popular social media platforms, it has users from different regions with a variety of cultures and languages. It can thus provide valuable information for a diverse and large amount of data to be used to improve decision making. In this paper, the sentiment orientation of the textual features and emoji-based components is studied targeting “Tweets” and comments posted in Arabic on Twitter, during the 2018 world cup event. This study also measures the significance of analyzing texts including or excluding emojis. The data is obtained from thousands of extracted tweets, to find the results of sentiment analysis for texts and emojis separately. Results show that emojis support the sentiment orientation of the texts and those texts or emojis cannot separately provide reliable information as they complement each other to give the intended meaning.
Paradigm in Traditional Marketing: Social Media & Gen YToni Gardner
The document discusses how social media applications can impact online customer relationship management, customer satisfaction, and trust as Generation Y becomes the majority consumer base. It reviews literature on social media technologies like Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, and their roles. Generation Y has different characteristics than older generations as they grew up with technology. The document suggests companies should understand Gen Y and use social media to attract and engage them.
A century from now historians may look back on the beginning of the era of ubiquitous computing and note how human behavior fundamentally changed, when access to information and communication became instantaneous for nearly every person across the world.
Attitude towards Using Internet among B.Ed., Students in Thanjavur Districtijtsrd
The Internet is a storehouse of knowledge. General Knowledge is an essential part of education. The Internet is the best means for acquiring know how. The students can learn very interesting things by accessing the internet. The access to Internet is very useful for the students to develop their innovation capability in their subject and knowledge of the world. The Internet can give us a clear idea of the current events of the country and the world. The Internet also brings out the plans and policies of the corporations and the government. The Internet is the best medium of advertisement concerning business, trade and industry in all over the world. V. Vijayalakshmi | Dr. R. Gunasekaran "Attitude towards Using Internet among B.Ed., Students in Thanjavur District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-4 , June 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49984.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/49984/attitude-towards-using-internet-among-bed-students-in-thanjavur-district/v-vijayalakshmi
This document provides an overview and summary of social media use in Cameroon. It discusses how social media has grown globally and been used as a tool for political and social change, such as during the Arab Spring. The document outlines the research approach taken, which included analyzing Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, blogs and conducting interviews. It provides context on Cameroon's economy, internet access and social media usage. The goal of the research is to understand how social media could be used to promote social change and support the work of the Friedrich Ebert Foundation in Cameroon.
Organisational challenges of using social media marketing caliesch liebrich_2...www.rw-oberwallis.ch
This document discusses the organizational challenges of using social media marketing, specifically looking at the Facebook pages of KLM and Swiss International Airlines. It finds that KLM had a larger social media presence with more fan engagement. Both airlines faced customer service issues on their Facebook walls but KLM responded to more posts and comments. The key organizational challenges identified are: 1) Setting up internal networks to respond quickly to public queries, 2) Developing an authentic communication style aligned with corporate culture, 3) Coordinating responses across departments to multi-purpose queries, and 4) Continually adapting to the dynamic social media environment to better serve customers.
Analyzing the effects of social media on the hospitality industryBookStoreLib
This document analyzes the effects of social media on the hospitality industry from a consumer perspective. It discusses how social media has changed communication and allowed two-way interaction between businesses and customers. Many hotels are shifting marketing strategies from traditional methods to social media, which provides real-time feedback and engagement at low cost. The growth of social media users globally, especially through mobile access, means the hospitality industry must embrace social media platforms to build their brand and remain competitive.
In the comprehensive digital statistics report covering social media and internet by Slideshare in January of 2015, the following are described. Facebook is the number one among popular social media networks according to active user statistics. User numbers determined by up-to-date researches in 2015 are giving statistics of Turkey and World social media and internet use as follows: Internet users among world population (7.095.476.818) are 2.484.915.152 (35%) while active social networking users are 1.856.680.860 (26%). Facebook with the most active users (1.184M) among social platforms is followed by Qzone (632M), Google plus (300M) and Linkedin (259M) respectively. In Turkey, the most used social media platforms are Facebook (93%), Twitter (72%), Google plus (70%) and Linkedin (33%). With a population of 80.694.485, Turkey’s internet users are numbered 35.990.932 while active number of Facebook users are 36.000.000. As Turkish users, an average of 4 hours 37 minutes is spent in internet and 2 hours 56 minutes of this duration is spent in social media.
1. The document discusses the potential uses of social media analytics in local government. It identifies four main purposes: communication, public relations, customer services, and public consultation/engagement.
2. It details a research project with two UK city councils that included a workshop introducing social media analytics tools and interviews. The workshop aimed to demonstrate tools and generate reflection on their value.
3. Interview findings suggested analytics could provide insights supplementing existing knowledge of public networks and discussions. Tools were seen as potentially valuable across different council departments.
The Pessimistic Investor Sentiments Indicator in Social NetworksTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This document proposes a method to calculate a pessimistic investor sentiments indicator using social network data. It defines pessimistic investor sentiment as consisting of depression, disappointment, fear, anxiety, panic, dread and despair. The frequency of these sentiments is counted from social media posts. An entropy-based formula is used to calculate the indicator, taking into account expert-assigned weights. Applying this method to Chinese stock market data from March 2016 generated time-series values of the indicator that discriminated sentiment changes more clearly when incorporating the weights. The proposed indicator provides a quantitative measure of pessimistic investor sentiment from social networks.
This survey explores how Turkish internet users perceive social media's role in public relations (PR) and their engagement with social media. The survey found that:
1) Nearly half of respondents believe social media allows for easy, fast targeting of groups and enables fully interactive PR communications.
2) Over a third believe social media lets consumers directly share opinions with brands, and brands listen to consumers across platforms with measurable communications.
3) Most respondents said PR budgets should allocate funds to social media to reach more people alongside traditional media.
The survey assessed Turkish social media engagement and perceptions of how social media benefits PR and consumer/brand relations to understand why PR professionals need a budget for social media communications.
This document provides a review of related literature on social networks and social media. It discusses both foreign and local literature on how social networks allow individuals to connect and share interests online. The document also examines how governments and organizations are using social media as a public relations tool to engage with stakeholders.
This document provides an abstract for a master's thesis titled "Facebook and the Cinema" which assesses the impact of Facebook fan pages on user attitudes and behaviors toward movies. The research aims to understand how fan pages influence consumption and how companies can drive legal consumption. A survey was administered to 200 students and findings showed fan page value and risk predict behavioral intentions, while solutions were proposed to increase value and reduce risk perceptions. The research models user attitudes based on the technology acceptance model and theory of planned behavior.
This document proposes a research project to analyze cultural differences between American and Korean academic institutions' social media content. The goal is to suggest ways for American institutions to localize their social media content for Korean audiences. The research will include a literature review, surveys of Korean students, interviews with social media representatives, and analysis of social media content from selected institutions in both countries. The total budget is $3,320 and the project is expected to be completed over 16 months, with the final thesis submitted in April 2017. Funding may come from the CPTSC or ABC.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
A Survey on the Social Impacts of On-line Social Networking SitesIOSR Journals
This document summarizes research on the social impacts of online social networking sites. It finds that while social networks provide benefits like maintaining social relationships and collaboration, they can also have negative impacts. Excessive social media use has been linked to depression in teens and is a major cause of internet addiction disorder. Social networks also pose privacy and information risks. However, with proper awareness and controls, social networks could be used constructively for sharing knowledge if their addictive nature is addressed.
Avinash Singh Bagri_Design and development of social media strategies in bank...Avinash Singh Bagri
This document is a project report submitted by Avinash Singh Bagri to IDRBT (Institute for Development and Research in Banking Technology) on the topic of "Design and Development of Social Media Strategies for Banking". The report was completed under the guidance of Dr. Shakti Mishra from May 13, 2013 to July 17, 2013. The report discusses the rise of social media and its various tools. It then focuses on how social media can be applied in different areas of banking like marketing, customer service, risk management and more. The report also examines some legal and governance issues around the use of social media in the banking sector.
ABSTRACT
There is no doubt that social media has gained wider acceptability and usability and it is also becoming probably the most important communication tools among people. Grace International Bible University is simply a particular non-Christian denomination University founded by Bishop Prof. Rudolph Q. Kwanue Sr. and some Christian believers that has benefited greatly on this tool. There is perceived effect of social media on the University. Several authors had considered the pro and con of social media on the University. However, it is necessary to view the effect from a scientific point of view. The purpose of this paper is to explore the factors that affect the use of social media and determine the percentage contribution of the factors to the success or failure of the Social Media work on the University. It is also to evolve a standard metric for planning, management and assessment of social media program in the University. Questionnaires are distributed to University members and factor analysis by principal component using Statistical Package for Social Scientist (SPSS) was carried out. The result obtained placed a high premium on the group account, enlightenment, privacy and security policy issues on social media usage in the University. It is therefore necessary for the University leadership to encourage the use of University group account, develop members’ enlightenment training programme on social media usage, and also advice on workable privacy and security issues on the social media websites. This will impact positively on the growth of the University.
The document discusses utilizing weight allocation in a term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) environment to identify and remove noisy data from social media for improved customer segmentation and targeted advertising. Specifically, it aims to recognize keywords that can help cluster social media users based on demographics and behaviors while eliminating uninfluential data. The approach assigns higher weight to words that frequently appear in a document but rarely in the entire collection compared to common words.
Survey of data mining techniques for socialFiras Husseini
This document summarizes data mining techniques that have been used for social network analysis. It discusses how social networks generate massive amounts of data that present computational challenges due to their size, noise, and dynamism. It then reviews both traditional and recent unsupervised, semi-supervised, and supervised data mining techniques that have been applied to social network analysis to handle these challenges and discover useful knowledge from social network data, including graph theoretic techniques, tools for analyzing opinions and sentiment, and techniques for topic detection and tracking.
Social Media Networking Site Usage Demographics Statsrishibajaj8
Social media are interactive, computer-mediated technologies that facilitate the creation and
exchange of ideas, information, professional skills and other forms of expression across virtual
communities and networks, to estimate the social media technology using among population.
Online Social Shopping Motivation: A Preliminary StudyAJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : Online social shopping emerges as the latest innovation in digital marketing, combining social
networking with online shopping. The distinctive feature of social shopping is its power to enhance the online
shopping experience by providing social interaction. It provides a platform that a customer can utilize to interact
with other customers through a collaborative online network. Although its importance has been emphasized, the
exploration of motivational factors underlying online social shopping is yet to be studied. This study is an initial
attempt to explore components of online social shopping motivation. Based on the preliminary research conducted
using qualitative and quantitative methods, findings reveal that online social shopping motivation is a construct
composed of three main dimensions, namely opinion comparison, entertainment/socializing, and trend following.
KEYWORDS : Entertainment, Online Social Shopping, Opinion Comparison, Socializing, Trend Following
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...IJECEIAES
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
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This document provides an overview and summary of social media use in Cameroon. It discusses how social media has grown globally and been used as a tool for political and social change, such as during the Arab Spring. The document outlines the research approach taken, which included analyzing Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, blogs and conducting interviews. It provides context on Cameroon's economy, internet access and social media usage. The goal of the research is to understand how social media could be used to promote social change and support the work of the Friedrich Ebert Foundation in Cameroon.
Organisational challenges of using social media marketing caliesch liebrich_2...www.rw-oberwallis.ch
This document discusses the organizational challenges of using social media marketing, specifically looking at the Facebook pages of KLM and Swiss International Airlines. It finds that KLM had a larger social media presence with more fan engagement. Both airlines faced customer service issues on their Facebook walls but KLM responded to more posts and comments. The key organizational challenges identified are: 1) Setting up internal networks to respond quickly to public queries, 2) Developing an authentic communication style aligned with corporate culture, 3) Coordinating responses across departments to multi-purpose queries, and 4) Continually adapting to the dynamic social media environment to better serve customers.
Analyzing the effects of social media on the hospitality industryBookStoreLib
This document analyzes the effects of social media on the hospitality industry from a consumer perspective. It discusses how social media has changed communication and allowed two-way interaction between businesses and customers. Many hotels are shifting marketing strategies from traditional methods to social media, which provides real-time feedback and engagement at low cost. The growth of social media users globally, especially through mobile access, means the hospitality industry must embrace social media platforms to build their brand and remain competitive.
In the comprehensive digital statistics report covering social media and internet by Slideshare in January of 2015, the following are described. Facebook is the number one among popular social media networks according to active user statistics. User numbers determined by up-to-date researches in 2015 are giving statistics of Turkey and World social media and internet use as follows: Internet users among world population (7.095.476.818) are 2.484.915.152 (35%) while active social networking users are 1.856.680.860 (26%). Facebook with the most active users (1.184M) among social platforms is followed by Qzone (632M), Google plus (300M) and Linkedin (259M) respectively. In Turkey, the most used social media platforms are Facebook (93%), Twitter (72%), Google plus (70%) and Linkedin (33%). With a population of 80.694.485, Turkey’s internet users are numbered 35.990.932 while active number of Facebook users are 36.000.000. As Turkish users, an average of 4 hours 37 minutes is spent in internet and 2 hours 56 minutes of this duration is spent in social media.
1. The document discusses the potential uses of social media analytics in local government. It identifies four main purposes: communication, public relations, customer services, and public consultation/engagement.
2. It details a research project with two UK city councils that included a workshop introducing social media analytics tools and interviews. The workshop aimed to demonstrate tools and generate reflection on their value.
3. Interview findings suggested analytics could provide insights supplementing existing knowledge of public networks and discussions. Tools were seen as potentially valuable across different council departments.
The Pessimistic Investor Sentiments Indicator in Social NetworksTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This document proposes a method to calculate a pessimistic investor sentiments indicator using social network data. It defines pessimistic investor sentiment as consisting of depression, disappointment, fear, anxiety, panic, dread and despair. The frequency of these sentiments is counted from social media posts. An entropy-based formula is used to calculate the indicator, taking into account expert-assigned weights. Applying this method to Chinese stock market data from March 2016 generated time-series values of the indicator that discriminated sentiment changes more clearly when incorporating the weights. The proposed indicator provides a quantitative measure of pessimistic investor sentiment from social networks.
This survey explores how Turkish internet users perceive social media's role in public relations (PR) and their engagement with social media. The survey found that:
1) Nearly half of respondents believe social media allows for easy, fast targeting of groups and enables fully interactive PR communications.
2) Over a third believe social media lets consumers directly share opinions with brands, and brands listen to consumers across platforms with measurable communications.
3) Most respondents said PR budgets should allocate funds to social media to reach more people alongside traditional media.
The survey assessed Turkish social media engagement and perceptions of how social media benefits PR and consumer/brand relations to understand why PR professionals need a budget for social media communications.
This document provides a review of related literature on social networks and social media. It discusses both foreign and local literature on how social networks allow individuals to connect and share interests online. The document also examines how governments and organizations are using social media as a public relations tool to engage with stakeholders.
This document provides an abstract for a master's thesis titled "Facebook and the Cinema" which assesses the impact of Facebook fan pages on user attitudes and behaviors toward movies. The research aims to understand how fan pages influence consumption and how companies can drive legal consumption. A survey was administered to 200 students and findings showed fan page value and risk predict behavioral intentions, while solutions were proposed to increase value and reduce risk perceptions. The research models user attitudes based on the technology acceptance model and theory of planned behavior.
This document proposes a research project to analyze cultural differences between American and Korean academic institutions' social media content. The goal is to suggest ways for American institutions to localize their social media content for Korean audiences. The research will include a literature review, surveys of Korean students, interviews with social media representatives, and analysis of social media content from selected institutions in both countries. The total budget is $3,320 and the project is expected to be completed over 16 months, with the final thesis submitted in April 2017. Funding may come from the CPTSC or ABC.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
A Survey on the Social Impacts of On-line Social Networking SitesIOSR Journals
This document summarizes research on the social impacts of online social networking sites. It finds that while social networks provide benefits like maintaining social relationships and collaboration, they can also have negative impacts. Excessive social media use has been linked to depression in teens and is a major cause of internet addiction disorder. Social networks also pose privacy and information risks. However, with proper awareness and controls, social networks could be used constructively for sharing knowledge if their addictive nature is addressed.
Avinash Singh Bagri_Design and development of social media strategies in bank...Avinash Singh Bagri
This document is a project report submitted by Avinash Singh Bagri to IDRBT (Institute for Development and Research in Banking Technology) on the topic of "Design and Development of Social Media Strategies for Banking". The report was completed under the guidance of Dr. Shakti Mishra from May 13, 2013 to July 17, 2013. The report discusses the rise of social media and its various tools. It then focuses on how social media can be applied in different areas of banking like marketing, customer service, risk management and more. The report also examines some legal and governance issues around the use of social media in the banking sector.
ABSTRACT
There is no doubt that social media has gained wider acceptability and usability and it is also becoming probably the most important communication tools among people. Grace International Bible University is simply a particular non-Christian denomination University founded by Bishop Prof. Rudolph Q. Kwanue Sr. and some Christian believers that has benefited greatly on this tool. There is perceived effect of social media on the University. Several authors had considered the pro and con of social media on the University. However, it is necessary to view the effect from a scientific point of view. The purpose of this paper is to explore the factors that affect the use of social media and determine the percentage contribution of the factors to the success or failure of the Social Media work on the University. It is also to evolve a standard metric for planning, management and assessment of social media program in the University. Questionnaires are distributed to University members and factor analysis by principal component using Statistical Package for Social Scientist (SPSS) was carried out. The result obtained placed a high premium on the group account, enlightenment, privacy and security policy issues on social media usage in the University. It is therefore necessary for the University leadership to encourage the use of University group account, develop members’ enlightenment training programme on social media usage, and also advice on workable privacy and security issues on the social media websites. This will impact positively on the growth of the University.
The document discusses utilizing weight allocation in a term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) environment to identify and remove noisy data from social media for improved customer segmentation and targeted advertising. Specifically, it aims to recognize keywords that can help cluster social media users based on demographics and behaviors while eliminating uninfluential data. The approach assigns higher weight to words that frequently appear in a document but rarely in the entire collection compared to common words.
Survey of data mining techniques for socialFiras Husseini
This document summarizes data mining techniques that have been used for social network analysis. It discusses how social networks generate massive amounts of data that present computational challenges due to their size, noise, and dynamism. It then reviews both traditional and recent unsupervised, semi-supervised, and supervised data mining techniques that have been applied to social network analysis to handle these challenges and discover useful knowledge from social network data, including graph theoretic techniques, tools for analyzing opinions and sentiment, and techniques for topic detection and tracking.
Social Media Networking Site Usage Demographics Statsrishibajaj8
Social media are interactive, computer-mediated technologies that facilitate the creation and
exchange of ideas, information, professional skills and other forms of expression across virtual
communities and networks, to estimate the social media technology using among population.
Online Social Shopping Motivation: A Preliminary StudyAJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : Online social shopping emerges as the latest innovation in digital marketing, combining social
networking with online shopping. The distinctive feature of social shopping is its power to enhance the online
shopping experience by providing social interaction. It provides a platform that a customer can utilize to interact
with other customers through a collaborative online network. Although its importance has been emphasized, the
exploration of motivational factors underlying online social shopping is yet to be studied. This study is an initial
attempt to explore components of online social shopping motivation. Based on the preliminary research conducted
using qualitative and quantitative methods, findings reveal that online social shopping motivation is a construct
composed of three main dimensions, namely opinion comparison, entertainment/socializing, and trend following.
KEYWORDS : Entertainment, Online Social Shopping, Opinion Comparison, Socializing, Trend Following
Similar to Korean-popular Facebook fan page analytics in Thailand (20)
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...IJECEIAES
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
Neural network optimizer of proportional-integral-differential controller par...IJECEIAES
Wide application of proportional-integral-differential (PID)-regulator in industry requires constant improvement of methods of its parameters adjustment. The paper deals with the issues of optimization of PID-regulator parameters with the use of neural network technology methods. A methodology for choosing the architecture (structure) of neural network optimizer is proposed, which consists in determining the number of layers, the number of neurons in each layer, as well as the form and type of activation function. Algorithms of neural network training based on the application of the method of minimizing the mismatch between the regulated value and the target value are developed. The method of back propagation of gradients is proposed to select the optimal training rate of neurons of the neural network. The neural network optimizer, which is a superstructure of the linear PID controller, allows increasing the regulation accuracy from 0.23 to 0.09, thus reducing the power consumption from 65% to 53%. The results of the conducted experiments allow us to conclude that the created neural superstructure may well become a prototype of an automatic voltage regulator (AVR)-type industrial controller for tuning the parameters of the PID controller.
An improved modulation technique suitable for a three level flying capacitor ...IJECEIAES
This research paper introduces an innovative modulation technique for controlling a 3-level flying capacitor multilevel inverter (FCMLI), aiming to streamline the modulation process in contrast to conventional methods. The proposed
simplified modulation technique paves the way for more straightforward and
efficient control of multilevel inverters, enabling their widespread adoption and
integration into modern power electronic systems. Through the amalgamation of
sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) with a high-frequency square wave
pulse, this controlling technique attains energy equilibrium across the coupling
capacitor. The modulation scheme incorporates a simplified switching pattern
and a decreased count of voltage references, thereby simplifying the control
algorithm.
A review on features and methods of potential fishing zoneIJECEIAES
This review focuses on the importance of identifying potential fishing zones in seawater for sustainable fishing practices. It explores features like sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height (SSH), along with classification methods such as classifiers. The features like SST, SSH, and different classifiers used to classify the data, have been figured out in this review study. This study underscores the importance of examining potential fishing zones using advanced analytical techniques. It thoroughly explores the methodologies employed by researchers, covering both past and current approaches. The examination centers on data characteristics and the application of classification algorithms for classification of potential fishing zones. Furthermore, the prediction of potential fishing zones relies significantly on the effectiveness of classification algorithms. Previous research has assessed the performance of models like support vector machines, naïve Bayes, and artificial neural networks (ANN). In the previous result, the results of support vector machine (SVM) were 97.6% more accurate than naive Bayes's 94.2% to classify test data for fisheries classification. By considering the recent works in this area, several recommendations for future works are presented to further improve the performance of the potential fishing zone models, which is important to the fisheries community.
Electrical signal interference minimization using appropriate core material f...IJECEIAES
As demand for smaller, quicker, and more powerful devices rises, Moore's law is strictly followed. The industry has worked hard to make little devices that boost productivity. The goal is to optimize device density. Scientists are reducing connection delays to improve circuit performance. This helped them understand three-dimensional integrated circuit (3D IC) concepts, which stack active devices and create vertical connections to diminish latency and lower interconnects. Electrical involvement is a big worry with 3D integrates circuits. Researchers have developed and tested through silicon via (TSV) and substrates to decrease electrical wave involvement. This study illustrates a novel noise coupling reduction method using several electrical involvement models. A 22% drop in electrical involvement from wave-carrying to victim TSVs introduces this new paradigm and improves system performance even at higher THz frequencies.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Bibliometric analysis highlighting the role of women in addressing climate ch...IJECEIAES
Fossil fuel consumption increased quickly, contributing to climate change
that is evident in unusual flooding and draughts, and global warming. Over
the past ten years, women's involvement in society has grown dramatically,
and they succeeded in playing a noticeable role in reducing climate change.
A bibliometric analysis of data from the last ten years has been carried out to
examine the role of women in addressing the climate change. The analysis's
findings discussed the relevant to the sustainable development goals (SDGs),
particularly SDG 7 and SDG 13. The results considered contributions made
by women in the various sectors while taking geographic dispersion into
account. The bibliometric analysis delves into topics including women's
leadership in environmental groups, their involvement in policymaking, their
contributions to sustainable development projects, and the influence of
gender diversity on attempts to mitigate climate change. This study's results
highlight how women have influenced policies and actions related to climate
change, point out areas of research deficiency and recommendations on how
to increase role of the women in addressing the climate change and
achieving sustainability. To achieve more successful results, this initiative
aims to highlight the significance of gender equality and encourage
inclusivity in climate change decision-making processes.
Voltage and frequency control of microgrid in presence of micro-turbine inter...IJECEIAES
The active and reactive load changes have a significant impact on voltage
and frequency. In this paper, in order to stabilize the microgrid (MG) against
load variations in islanding mode, the active and reactive power of all
distributed generators (DGs), including energy storage (battery), diesel
generator, and micro-turbine, are controlled. The micro-turbine generator is
connected to MG through a three-phase to three-phase matrix converter, and
the droop control method is applied for controlling the voltage and
frequency of MG. In addition, a method is introduced for voltage and
frequency control of micro-turbines in the transition state from gridconnected mode to islanding mode. A novel switching strategy of the matrix
converter is used for converting the high-frequency output voltage of the
micro-turbine to the grid-side frequency of the utility system. Moreover,
using the switching strategy, the low-order harmonics in the output current
and voltage are not produced, and consequently, the size of the output filter
would be reduced. In fact, the suggested control strategy is load-independent
and has no frequency conversion restrictions. The proposed approach for
voltage and frequency regulation demonstrates exceptional performance and
favorable response across various load alteration scenarios. The suggested
strategy is examined in several scenarios in the MG test systems, and the
simulation results are addressed.
Enhancing battery system identification: nonlinear autoregressive modeling fo...IJECEIAES
Precisely characterizing Li-ion batteries is essential for optimizing their
performance, enhancing safety, and prolonging their lifespan across various
applications, such as electric vehicles and renewable energy systems. This
article introduces an innovative nonlinear methodology for system
identification of a Li-ion battery, employing a nonlinear autoregressive with
exogenous inputs (NARX) model. The proposed approach integrates the
benefits of nonlinear modeling with the adaptability of the NARX structure,
facilitating a more comprehensive representation of the intricate
electrochemical processes within the battery. Experimental data collected
from a Li-ion battery operating under diverse scenarios are employed to
validate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology. The identified
NARX model exhibits superior accuracy in predicting the battery's behavior
compared to traditional linear models. This study underscores the
importance of accounting for nonlinearities in battery modeling, providing
insights into the intricate relationships between state-of-charge, voltage, and
current under dynamic conditions.
Smart grid deployment: from a bibliometric analysis to a surveyIJECEIAES
Smart grids are one of the last decades' innovations in electrical energy.
They bring relevant advantages compared to the traditional grid and
significant interest from the research community. Assessing the field's
evolution is essential to propose guidelines for facing new and future smart
grid challenges. In addition, knowing the main technologies involved in the
deployment of smart grids (SGs) is important to highlight possible
shortcomings that can be mitigated by developing new tools. This paper
contributes to the research trends mentioned above by focusing on two
objectives. First, a bibliometric analysis is presented to give an overview of
the current research level about smart grid deployment. Second, a survey of
the main technological approaches used for smart grid implementation and
their contributions are highlighted. To that effect, we searched the Web of
Science (WoS), and the Scopus databases. We obtained 5,663 documents
from WoS and 7,215 from Scopus on smart grid implementation or
deployment. With the extraction limitation in the Scopus database, 5,872 of
the 7,215 documents were extracted using a multi-step process. These two
datasets have been analyzed using a bibliometric tool called bibliometrix.
The main outputs are presented with some recommendations for future
research.
Use of analytical hierarchy process for selecting and prioritizing islanding ...IJECEIAES
One of the problems that are associated to power systems is islanding
condition, which must be rapidly and properly detected to prevent any
negative consequences on the system's protection, stability, and security.
This paper offers a thorough overview of several islanding detection
strategies, which are divided into two categories: classic approaches,
including local and remote approaches, and modern techniques, including
techniques based on signal processing and computational intelligence.
Additionally, each approach is compared and assessed based on several
factors, including implementation costs, non-detected zones, declining
power quality, and response times using the analytical hierarchy process
(AHP). The multi-criteria decision-making analysis shows that the overall
weight of passive methods (24.7%), active methods (7.8%), hybrid methods
(5.6%), remote methods (14.5%), signal processing-based methods (26.6%),
and computational intelligent-based methods (20.8%) based on the
comparison of all criteria together. Thus, it can be seen from the total weight
that hybrid approaches are the least suitable to be chosen, while signal
processing-based methods are the most appropriate islanding detection
method to be selected and implemented in power system with respect to the
aforementioned factors. Using Expert Choice software, the proposed
hierarchy model is studied and examined.
Enhancing of single-stage grid-connected photovoltaic system using fuzzy logi...IJECEIAES
The power generated by photovoltaic (PV) systems is influenced by
environmental factors. This variability hampers the control and utilization of
solar cells' peak output. In this study, a single-stage grid-connected PV
system is designed to enhance power quality. Our approach employs fuzzy
logic in the direct power control (DPC) of a three-phase voltage source
inverter (VSI), enabling seamless integration of the PV connected to the
grid. Additionally, a fuzzy logic-based maximum power point tracking
(MPPT) controller is adopted, which outperforms traditional methods like
incremental conductance (INC) in enhancing solar cell efficiency and
minimizing the response time. Moreover, the inverter's real-time active and
reactive power is directly managed to achieve a unity power factor (UPF).
The system's performance is assessed through MATLAB/Simulink
implementation, showing marked improvement over conventional methods,
particularly in steady-state and varying weather conditions. For solar
irradiances of 500 and 1,000 W/m2
, the results show that the proposed
method reduces the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the injected current
to the grid by approximately 46% and 38% compared to conventional
methods, respectively. Furthermore, we compare the simulation results with
IEEE standards to evaluate the system's grid compatibility.
Enhancing photovoltaic system maximum power point tracking with fuzzy logic-b...IJECEIAES
Photovoltaic systems have emerged as a promising energy resource that
caters to the future needs of society, owing to their renewable, inexhaustible,
and cost-free nature. The power output of these systems relies on solar cell
radiation and temperature. In order to mitigate the dependence on
atmospheric conditions and enhance power tracking, a conventional
approach has been improved by integrating various methods. To optimize
the generation of electricity from solar systems, the maximum power point
tracking (MPPT) technique is employed. To overcome limitations such as
steady-state voltage oscillations and improve transient response, two
traditional MPPT methods, namely fuzzy logic controller (FLC) and perturb
and observe (P&O), have been modified. This research paper aims to
simulate and validate the step size of the proposed modified P&O and FLC
techniques within the MPPT algorithm using MATLAB/Simulink for
efficient power tracking in photovoltaic systems.
Adaptive synchronous sliding control for a robot manipulator based on neural ...IJECEIAES
Robot manipulators have become important equipment in production lines, medical fields, and transportation. Improving the quality of trajectory tracking for
robot hands is always an attractive topic in the research community. This is a
challenging problem because robot manipulators are complex nonlinear systems
and are often subject to fluctuations in loads and external disturbances. This
article proposes an adaptive synchronous sliding control scheme to improve trajectory tracking performance for a robot manipulator. The proposed controller
ensures that the positions of the joints track the desired trajectory, synchronize
the errors, and significantly reduces chattering. First, the synchronous tracking
errors and synchronous sliding surfaces are presented. Second, the synchronous
tracking error dynamics are determined. Third, a robust adaptive control law is
designed,the unknown components of the model are estimated online by the neural network, and the parameters of the switching elements are selected by fuzzy
logic. The built algorithm ensures that the tracking and approximation errors
are ultimately uniformly bounded (UUB). Finally, the effectiveness of the constructed algorithm is demonstrated through simulation and experimental results.
Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed controller is effective with small synchronous tracking errors, and the chattering phenomenon is
significantly reduced.
Remote field-programmable gate array laboratory for signal acquisition and de...IJECEIAES
A remote laboratory utilizing field-programmable gate array (FPGA) technologies enhances students’ learning experience anywhere and anytime in embedded system design. Existing remote laboratories prioritize hardware access and visual feedback for observing board behavior after programming, neglecting comprehensive debugging tools to resolve errors that require internal signal acquisition. This paper proposes a novel remote embeddedsystem design approach targeting FPGA technologies that are fully interactive via a web-based platform. Our solution provides FPGA board access and debugging capabilities beyond the visual feedback provided by existing remote laboratories. We implemented a lab module that allows users to seamlessly incorporate into their FPGA design. The module minimizes hardware resource utilization while enabling the acquisition of a large number of data samples from the signal during the experiments by adaptively compressing the signal prior to data transmission. The results demonstrate an average compression ratio of 2.90 across three benchmark signals, indicating efficient signal acquisition and effective debugging and analysis. This method allows users to acquire more data samples than conventional methods. The proposed lab allows students to remotely test and debug their designs, bridging the gap between theory and practice in embedded system design.
Detecting and resolving feature envy through automated machine learning and m...IJECEIAES
Efficiently identifying and resolving code smells enhances software project quality. This paper presents a novel solution, utilizing automated machine learning (AutoML) techniques, to detect code smells and apply move method refactoring. By evaluating code metrics before and after refactoring, we assessed its impact on coupling, complexity, and cohesion. Key contributions of this research include a unique dataset for code smell classification and the development of models using AutoGluon for optimal performance. Furthermore, the study identifies the top 20 influential features in classifying feature envy, a well-known code smell, stemming from excessive reliance on external classes. We also explored how move method refactoring addresses feature envy, revealing reduced coupling and complexity, and improved cohesion, ultimately enhancing code quality. In summary, this research offers an empirical, data-driven approach, integrating AutoML and move method refactoring to optimize software project quality. Insights gained shed light on the benefits of refactoring on code quality and the significance of specific features in detecting feature envy. Future research can expand to explore additional refactoring techniques and a broader range of code metrics, advancing software engineering practices and standards.
Smart monitoring technique for solar cell systems using internet of things ba...IJECEIAES
Rapidly and remotely monitoring and receiving the solar cell systems status parameters, solar irradiance, temperature, and humidity, are critical issues in enhancement their efficiency. Hence, in the present article an improved smart prototype of internet of things (IoT) technique based on embedded system through NodeMCU ESP8266 (ESP-12E) was carried out experimentally. Three different regions at Egypt; Luxor, Cairo, and El-Beheira cities were chosen to study their solar irradiance profile, temperature, and humidity by the proposed IoT system. The monitoring data of solar irradiance, temperature, and humidity were live visualized directly by Ubidots through hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) protocol. The measured solar power radiation in Luxor, Cairo, and El-Beheira ranged between 216-1000, 245-958, and 187-692 W/m 2 respectively during the solar day. The accuracy and rapidity of obtaining monitoring results using the proposed IoT system made it a strong candidate for application in monitoring solar cell systems. On the other hand, the obtained solar power radiation results of the three considered regions strongly candidate Luxor and Cairo as suitable places to build up a solar cells system station rather than El-Beheira.
An efficient security framework for intrusion detection and prevention in int...IJECEIAES
Over the past few years, the internet of things (IoT) has advanced to connect billions of smart devices to improve quality of life. However, anomalies or malicious intrusions pose several security loopholes, leading to performance degradation and threat to data security in IoT operations. Thereby, IoT security systems must keep an eye on and restrict unwanted events from occurring in the IoT network. Recently, various technical solutions based on machine learning (ML) models have been derived towards identifying and restricting unwanted events in IoT. However, most ML-based approaches are prone to miss-classification due to inappropriate feature selection. Additionally, most ML approaches applied to intrusion detection and prevention consider supervised learning, which requires a large amount of labeled data to be trained. Consequently, such complex datasets are impossible to source in a large network like IoT. To address this problem, this proposed study introduces an efficient learning mechanism to strengthen the IoT security aspects. The proposed algorithm incorporates supervised and unsupervised approaches to improve the learning models for intrusion detection and mitigation. Compared with the related works, the experimental outcome shows that the model performs well in a benchmark dataset. It accomplishes an improved detection accuracy of approximately 99.21%.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMSIJNSA Journal
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...University of Maribor
Slides from talk presenting:
Aleš Zamuda: Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapter and Networking.
Presentation at IcETRAN 2024 session:
"Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS
Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation"
IEEE Slovenia GRSS
IEEE Serbia and Montenegro MTT-S
IEEE Slovenia CIS
11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTING ENGINEERING
3-6 June 2024, Niš, Serbia
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELgerogepatton
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
Korean-popular Facebook fan page analytics in Thailand
1. International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE)
Vol. 12, No. 5, October 2022, pp. 5291~5303
ISSN: 2088-8708, DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v12i5.pp5291-5303 5291
Journal homepage: http://ijece.iaescore.com
Korean-popular Facebook fan page analytics in Thailand
Wirapong Chansanam1
, Kulthida Tuamsuk1
, Kanyarat Kwiecien1
, Sam Gyun Oh2
1
Department of Information Science, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
2
Faculty of Library and Information Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
Article Info ABSTRACT
Article history:
Received Jul 30, 2021
Revised Feb 18, 2022
Accepted Mar 16, 2022
The purpose of this study was to gather, analyze, and elaborate big data on
Facebook’s essential information, with a specific focus on the information
obtained from Korean-popular (K-Pop) fan pages on the social networking
site. For this analysis, a total of 3,531,736 comments by Korean-pop fans
were gathered from various K-pop Facebook pages. In order to interpret how
11 extremely popular Facebook pages shape Thai fans’ enthusiasm for the
South Korean music industry, descriptive statistics and visualization analysis
were employed. Finally, data analytics and correlation analysis were used to
evaluate the essential understanding of the Facebook pages. The research
revealed three key findings: i) K-pop fan pages provide more opportunities
for Thai fans to express their support for K-pop artists and advocate for
causes, ii) K-pop fan pages provide more opportunities for Thai fans to
communicate with K-pop artists, and iii) K-pop fan pages build
opportunities for Thai fans to establish a more glamorous online presence
despite limitations concerning financial resources, foreign language skills,
and opportunities. In the future, the research outcomes may be valuable for
academic studies and practice.
Keywords:
Korean-popular
Social media
Facebook fan page
Data analytics
Thailand
This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license.
Corresponding Author:
Wirapong Chansanam
Department of Information Science, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Khon Kaen University
123 Mittraprab Road, Muang, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
Email: wirach@kku.ac.th
1. INTRODUCTION
Among the many products that bring economic prosperity to South Korea, Korean popular (K-pop)
music is an important export product that generates enormous South Korea income. It has become one of the
significant strengths of countries recognized by the world since the beginning of the 21st century. Among the
many cultural products (movies, dramas, fashion, and cosmetics) with the birth of the "Korean wave" or
"한류 --- Hallyu," K-pop music is yet another important cultural product of South Korea. This has brought
economic prosperity and acceptance by many people in many countries around the world. Both K-pop music
(as in a South Korean economic and cultural commodity) and the music industry (as in a South Korean
producer) have more or less interaction and connection with countries that cross the border of South Korea [1].
In the 2010s, K-pop rekindled global scholarly exposure to Hallyu, which was perceived to be a
fading popular culture sector at one point. Among many customers in Asia, Europe, and North America,
Korean pop singers such as TVQX, SNSD, Wonder Girls, and Psy were prominent. The idea of cultural
hybridity or Pop Asianism was the prevailing explanation behind these distinctive cultural phenomena (i.e.,
continuation and expansion of Japanese, Chinese, and Indian subcultures in the global cultural market) [2].
Several studies have explored the association between online social networks and people's
well-being, considering the extensive usage of social networking platforms in general, and Facebook in
particular. To date, researchers do not seem to have reached a consensus about whether the use of Facebook
2. ISSN: 2088-8708
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is positively or negatively linked to well-being. Possibly because either result is equally probable, depending
on various factors related to user features or Facebook features, among others. However, there appears to be a
consensus that having optimistic Facebook feelings enhances well-being while negatively damaging it [3], [4].
While this agreement makes intuitive sense, we question it by discussing the position of culture, a subject that
has been generally overlooked in previous studies on the relationship between well-being and Facebook use.
In recent years, not only in media but also in a wide range of scholarly fields, social network sites
(SNSs) such as Facebook and Twitter have gained tremendous interest. There were nearly two billion social
network users worldwide in 2016, according to an online data site, Statista. By September 2016, the world's
most common SNS was Facebook, with 1.71 billion monthly active users [5]. Because of the SNSs'
worldwide success, they offer valuable reflections on current social engagement processes and their effect on
society [6]. Therefore, one of the key research topics in the study of SNSs is the relationship between SNSs
and online social resources [6]–[9]. Although early research mainly investigated whether the extent of
bridging and bonding social capital is likely to increase overall Facebook usage [8], emerging research has
explored how users use unique Facebook-enabled contact techniques [10], [11] or technological
characteristics [12] to communicate with their partners.
SNSs, like Facebook, have potential alternative means and units of maintenance for this [13], [14].
Three types of social behaviors on SNSs (directed contact, passive intake, and broadcasting) are differentiated
by [15]. This paper focuses on guided contact, which applies to things such as sending and receiving likes or
feedback, leaving posts and notes on the wall, and tagging, as seen in the number of times one tags others in
photos as well as the number of times one is tagged in photos [15]. These guided communicative activities
indicate visible signs of interest required to activate and sustain a social network [13].
It is important to remember that official exchange-routed company announcements are usually used
by firms as a primary communication source, followed by other platforms, including newspapers and social
media. Besides, it is optional to share information via social media, although specific business announcement
releases are mandatory. In comparison, Jung, Naughton, Tahoun, and Wang [16] demonstrate that businesses
disseminate strategically, i.e., businesses are less likely to disseminate information in tweets when the news
is negative. In this regard, we would like to determine how the investment decisions of, among other investor
groups, less knowledgeable and experienced investors, for example, relate with potentially influenced
Facebook content. We note that the relationship between Facebook data and trading can also be linked to the
way investors, especially household investors, and attract attention.
Social networking platforms are widely used in consumer participation marketing, and this trend is
expected to continue [17]. The number of social media users globally grew by 9% annually and now accounts
for half of all internet users [18]. Social media has seen dramatic growth in advertising spending from
73.8 billion US dollars worldwide in 2018 to a projected 187.6 billion US dollars by 2023 [19]. Since B2B
social media content and salespeople are no longer the only ways to build trust with consumers, social
media's rapid growth has affected real B2B buying processes. However, although companies in the B2B
sector have raised questions about how social media can benefit their businesses, its use is not widespread in
B2B markets [20]. Other sectors of the maritime industry, such as container shipping, have a long way to
meet the demands of its customers (shippers) through emerging technology. As Maersk has shown, there are
many ways to gain the trust of consumers and build confidence in today's digital era [21]. In using social
media to create brand recognition and understanding, this company is a trailblazer. Branding in the liner
industry is seen as a symbol of efficiency and is appreciated by customers [22]. In 2011, Maersk Line, a
shipping company, initiated a social media initiative on Facebook. The social media campaign reached more
than 400,000 Facebook users in less than 11 months [23]. Furthermore, social networking helps friends
connect, effectively enhancing information gathering [24]. There are various social networking platforms,
including business networking sites, video sharing sites, photo sharing sites, microblogging sites, and
business communities (Amazon.com). These platforms provide companies with the opportunity to
communicate with customers and stakeholders and to receive feedback. In some cases, debates can become
public and affect hundreds of thousands of people outside the company’s control [25]. This argument,
therefore, suggests that social media expands word-of-mouth advertisements [26].
Well-planned communications will empower people to engage with brands and create word of
mouth (WOM) [27]. However, the role of social media in business marketing has not been sufficiently
addressed, given its growing prominence, increasing relevance, and perceived significance, as well as the fact
that the research on its use is still in its infancy [28], [29]. This study describes how social media is used in
music industries, particularly in K-pop music.
Social networking should be used to maintain healthy artists-fans relationships. Businesses need to
assess which social media channels are more appropriate for their target audiences and select what social
media tactics they can employ. We need to research the variables that could affect Thai K-pop fans’ social
media interactions.
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An idol group, wherein members sing and dance together, aims to stir excitement among the
world's youth in Korean pop culture [30]. The image of K-pop artists is an integral part of the visual
presentation, dance, or dress. This image influences Thai fans, especially teenagers, to engage in behaviors
that reflect their adoration, excitement, and liking towards Korean singers. These behaviors include searching
for information and keeping up with news about favorite Korean singers. Normally, fans receive information
from friends who like the same Korean group as they do or from a quick search on the Internet, which is a
convenient way to follow updates related to their favorite Korean popstars. Moreover, the most popular
social media platforms that fans use to follow artists are Twitter and Instagram. Artists use these mediums to
post pictures, videos, or messages to provide updates and share their feelings or activities with their fans
whether it be through live broadcasts on Instagram or through tweets on Twitter. After one starts to develop a
liking towards an artist or a group of artists, the behaviors that usually ensue are purchasing corporate
collectibles and memorabilia, albums, and other merchandise related to the artist or group, as well as
listening to their songs via online channels such as YouTube [31].
The Korean Wave's third generation has also displayed its ability to create reliably robust cultural
goods to be marketed even to mainstream entertainment nations, such as the United States and European
countries. Due to this accomplishment, the third generation of Korean Wave media goods has played a
diplomatic role, providing low-cost Korean culture internationally [32].
As Boyd and Ellison define, a social network allows users i) to share their information and
viewpoints on the system and ii) to show interaction with other consumers to illustrate their friendships. A
customer links to other network consumers and thus contributes to social networks' rise [7]. As the Internet
has expanded exponentially, many social networks have been created, including Facebook, Twitter, Weibo,
and MySpace. People can build and interact with their websites using these networks. As one of the Internet
tools, social networks have intrigued young people. A social network is where new friends meet, and the
newest knowledge, photos, films, and events are shared [33]. For three primary purposes, people use social
networks: i) to make new friends, ii) to keep in touch with friends, and (iii) to organize social activities [34].
People are intensely engrossed in social networks since they allow people to become friends.
Facebook was created in 2004 by Mark Zuckerberg [35] and has over 1.3 billion users, making it the
most popular social networking site on the planet. Many people use Facebook to catch up with friends in
real-time. According to Cheung et al. [36], participants of a group may create a sense of identity and have
more vigorous plans to use Facebook if they have shared views with other group members. Results from
Mouakket [37] suggest that satisfaction for users to continue to use social networks is the most relevant. In
addition, Facebook improves consumer loyalty by consistently providing new functions that enhance users’
experience and allows users the ability to conveniently access social networks on a daily basis. The use of
social networks is the base and form of [37].
On Facebook, people connect with others, keeping real friends in touch [38]. Currently, Facebook is
a social network that can be accessed anywhere. Facebook can be used at home, at school, and in cafés and
restaurants. According to Bicen and Cavus' report, most student’s average over two hours a day on Facebook,
sixteen percent spend over three hours on Facebook, and thirty-two percent spend over four hours on
Facebook. Students also use Facebook to chat or strengthen relations with peers and family members through
links and photos [39].
User personalities often influence the use of Facebook; for example, extroverted individuals may be
part of a wider variety of communities and use Facebook as a networking platform, rather than replacing it
with their social events. Outgoing users are more likely to use modern Facebook features and even swap new
features for old features [40]. Moreover, the most critical reason for women to use gender-related social
networks is to entertain themselves and kill time. While women are most likely to meet friends through
groups, men seek individual compensation through social networks and affirmation [41].
The use of social media is positively correlated with extraversion and reactivity to stimuli. Gender
analysis reveals that mental well-being is adversely related to men's social media and is not connected to the
social media of women [42]. In addition, SNSs analyzed emotional disclosure and found no gender
influences on either positive or negative emotional exposure [43].
Another study found that female consumers are more likely than male consumers to express deeper
and longer thoughts so as to reveal themselves [44]. Women appear to be more willing than males to disclose
(negative) feelings connected to insecurity [45]. The overall gender differences in the representation of
emotions vary depending on social background and emotion type.
In addition, White [46] developed a Facebook community and exposed students to the impact of
Facebook on their academic performance. He posted questions for the students and asked them to answer
these questions weekly. The findings revealed that teaching aided by Facebook has helped increase students'
success [46]. According to Mazer’s research [47], the self-disclosure on Facebook has a beneficial impact on
learner motivation, effectiveness, and the classroom environment.
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The study results of Arquero and Romero-Frías [48] showed that most respondents agreed that
social networks were a learning aid and were able to support university education. For various courses,
separate learning groups could be created. Even beginners can easily adapt to the usage of virtual classrooms
on social networking sites to encourage learning [48].
Facebook is a social media site that can be an effective platform for improving the public image of a
profession as well as human career advancement. It helps musicians interact with millions of people
worldwide with a just few simple taps and clicks on a computer or device such as a smartphone or tablet.
Such superfast connectivity has also opened up many opportunities for successful communication,
consultation, and preparation. In the current study, we address the ramifications of social media sites in
modern two-way communication, as well as their benefits and drawbacks, in order to provide suggestions for
their successful use, particularly on Facebook. Interestingly, Korean wave topics and keywords related to
Korean cultural items, including music, drama, and movies, are among Google and Facebook's most widely
searched and posted topics and content [49].
Specifically, for different reasons, Facebook was chosen as the context for the present analysis. The
most probable explanation is that, with a user base that significantly exceeds all SNSs, Facebook is the most
ubiquitous SNS. Facebook is the largest social networking site at the time of publication, based on the
worldwide presence and the overall number of daily users. Moreover, Facebook is a less specialized site,
which is another reason Facebook was subjected to analysis in the present study [50].
Facebook analytics (FA) reflects on the framework of relations between various fan pages players,
such as individuals, associations, organizations, and countries, or human activity favorites. FA has been
widely used in many research disciplines (e.g., health [51], e-commerce [52], learning [53], communication
[54], news [55], advertising and marketing [56], libraries [57], and airways [58]). However, the issue as to
whether FA can be suited for analyzing Korean popular culture has yet to be addressed in depth. The present
research employs FA methodology to examine patterns, relations, and evaluate user interactions in Facebook
platforms. In this context, fan pages owner needs to understand how they can use Facebook to reach key
targets fandom and follow both attendance and engagement.
In this paper, we present and briefly examine our conceptual methodology for studying Facebook
pages associated with Korean pop culture, thereby contributing to studies on the usage of social media sites
and online visual communication by non-profit individuals or organizations. We hope that our analytical
approach will be used and modified by the readers of the present work to promote further analyses of
Facebook or other social media platforms. The main emphasis is basically on the variables' applicability
(share, comment, reactions-like, love, haha, wow, sad, and angry) and not on their theoretical framework and
ontology.
2. RESEARCH METHOD
In this study, we investigated the effect of the K-pop music industry on eleven K-pop Facebook
pages that were created by Thai fans. We first started by collecting data through an examination of K-pop
music pages. We used full posts obtained from eleven Facebook pages, as well as search results from across
the world. In doing so, we exploited Facepager [59], which is a tool that saves data in several different
formats from Twitter, Facebook, and other websites using APIs. During the investigation, we found K-pop
fan pages on Facebook and, by using the Facepager tool, we conducted social network analysis [59].
Specifically, Facepager, a business and academic research tool, employs a batch process to collect data from
social media networks, perform text mining, and create matrix data. This kind of process is decisive for the
curation and production of Big Data, which are the main facets of Big Data use; however, the technique also
has an advantage in data mining.
Facepager's crawling of the K-pop fan pages was able to extract relevant posts concerning the K-pop
music industry, artist, or groups of artists uploaded by Thai Facebook users for analysis. The data set of
3,531,736 user posts was cleaned by removing messages that were irrelevant to the analysis. Altogether,
there were 38,158,498 reactions, 229,816 comments, and 2,484,587 Facebook shares on the popular K-pop
pages. The queries included the posts, reactions, comments, shares, and references to the survey, which
guided the investigation (reactions on Facebok include like, love, haha, wow, sad, and angry). The simulation
of dynamic structures helps to shed light on the flow of information. For this investigation, 28 weeks’ worth
of data obtained from the Facebook pages were imported via Facepager V.4.2, which transfers a question (in
this case, the name of popular K-pop pages) to the Facebook Graph API while focusing on importance, not
completeness.
We gathered regular numbers of posts, related reactions, comments, and shares on the Facebook
wall over a period spanning from January 1 to July 31, 2020. The shares, comments, and reactions are all
linked to the original post. Therefore, we assigned degrees to the date a post was posted—that is, not when
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the Comments or Shares were made. By counting the reactions, comments, and shares over a specific
timeframe, we were able to determine the total number for each type of action on each post. It is necessary to
distinguish the terms ‘action’ and ‘reaction’ here. While the term ‘reactions’ only pertain to like, love, haha,
wow, angry, and sad reactions, the term ‘actions’ covers all types of reactions, comments, likes, as well as
shares a post on Facebook receives. Therefore, in this paper, ‘Reactions’ is a subset of ‘actions’.
By summing the number of posts, reactions, comments, and shares within a month, we aggregated
the daily Facebook data into monthly data. The month begins on the first day of the month and ends on the
last day of the month because there is no action at the end of the month. By doing so, we discovered that
administrators (admins) of K-pop fan pages were better able to influence the decision of fans to react to a
post when they posted content on the weekend rather than any other day of the week. Our sample contains
seven monthly findings for number of posts, reactions, comments, and shares in general. Descriptive statistics
of these time series are presented in Table 1. As seen in Table 1, more than one post was made per day on
average and each post earned 5,555 reactions, 34 posts, and 378 shares on average.
We ranked K-pop Facebook fan pages based on the type of action a post received. Then, we
performed two separate analyses. Next, we conducted a comprehensive evaluation. Using pairwise
comparisons [60], we measured the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient among all fan pages
(n=3,531,736) to determine whether different variables produced an identical ranking of fan pages. A
positive value implies a positive correlation, while a negative value indicates an inverse correlation [61].
Since the actions and social phenomena associated with web-based social spaces typically fulfill the power
law distribution [62], we used Spearman's coefficient as it is a nonparametric indicator of rank correlation.
Table 1. Demographic information of Thai K-Pop fans’ actions on posts
Fan_Page_Name Reactions Comments Share Like Love Haha Wow Sad Angry
BLACKPINK YG
Thailand
9,933,506 54,862 458,309 7,165,504 2,591,334 44,300 27,422 4,432 514
LISA Blackpink
Thai Fans
9,529,400 59,792 385,282 6,876,648 2,536,565 83,180 30,346 2,390 271
BLACKPINK
Thailand
7,699,232 43,821 450,589 5,564,836 2,078,850 18,599 24,118 2,033 796
วงวารบังทัน (Bangtan
Sonyeondan: BTS)
3,501,215 32,051 401,749 1,765,445 1,561,936 63,107 6,603 4,042 82
BTS Thailand 2,065,447 11,576 243,079 1,368,305 685,594 5,263 5,680 586 19
NCT Thailand
Fanclub
1,821,337 12,595 337,125 1,038,401 753,274 27,624 1,401 584 53
Blackpink Thailand
News
1,727,146 6,794 46,433 1,329,767 369,142 19,955 6,579 1,614 89
EXO Thailand 1,242,959 4,696 93,849 949,596 278,347 9,937 2,343 2,723 13
EXO 엑소 Thailand 591,212 2,955 61,194 400,860 182,175 6,208 728 1,219 22
Jaehyun NCT
Thailand
52,955 709 7,337 31,207 21,505 134 72 37 -
EXO Thailand Club 1,382 2 132 1,104 208 - 10 60 -
Total 38,165,791 229,853 2,485,078 26,491,673 11,058,930 478,307 105,302 29,720 1,859
3. RESULTS
In this section, the research results are presented, and, at the same time, a comprehensive discussion
is provided. Findings are displayed in the form of figures, graphs, tables and other visuals for ease of
understanding while discussions take place in several sub-sections [14], [15]. This research was conducted by
Python and the group of Python libraries, including Pandas, Matplotlib, NLTK, ImageAI, WordCloud,
Correlation, and more. The analysis was carried out on a Jupyter Notebook. Thai K-pop fans’ actions on
posts in eleven Facebook pages were investigated, and the findings are presented below.
Figure 1 shows that there are three Facebook pages with more than 500k fans (or followers), and
these are LISA Blackpink Thai Fans (750,000), BLACKPINK YG Thailand (690,000), and BLACKPINK
Thailand (630,000), respectively. Also, all of these three Facebook pages are associated with the Blackpink
girl group. The types of media content used for communicating with fans on these pages are photos (3,931),
videos (993), links (283), and text-only statuses (164), respectively.
Table 1 shows that, among the top three K-pop Facebook pages with the highest number of
Reactions, BLACKPINK YG Thailand received the highest number of Reactions (9,933,506) on its posts,
followed by LISA Blackpink Thai Fans (9,529,400 Reactions) and BLACKPINK Thailand (7,699,232 reactions).
With regard to the number of comments, the order is as follows: LISA Blackpink Thai Fans (59,792 comments),
BLACKPINK YG Thailand (54,862 comments), and BLACKPINK Thailand (43,821 comments). Furthermore,
BLACKPINK YG Thailand generated the highest number of Shares (458,309) on its posts, followed by
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BLACKPINK Thailand (450,589 Shares), and War Bang Ton (401,749 Shares). On the whole, the number of
Likes added up to a total of 26,491,673, followed by love reactions (11,058,930), wow reactions (105,302), haha
reactions (478,307), sad reactions (29,720), and angry reactions (1,859), respectively.
Figure 1. The number of Thai K-pop fans per page
Figure 2 displays the proportion of actions received from fans per Facebook page. Firstly, it was
found that BLACKPINK YG Thailand received the highest percentage of Likes (27.05%), followed by LISA
Blackpink Thai Fans (25.96%), and BLACKPINK Thailand (21.01%), and so on. Next, in relation to the
proportion of comments, it was found that LISA Blackpink Thai Fans received the highest percentage
(26.01%), followed by BLACKPINK YG Thailand (23.87%), and BLACKPINK Thailand (19.06%), and so
on. As for the percentage of Shares by fans, BLACKPINK YG Thailand generated the highest number of
Shares (18.44%), followed by BLACKPINK Thailand (19.06%), BTS (16.17%), and so on. The pages with
the highest proportion of Love Reactions given by fans were BLACKPINK YG Thailand (23.43%), LISA
Blackpink Thai Fans (22.94%), and BLACKPINK Thailand (18.8%), and so on. The pages with the highest
proportion of Haha Reactions received from fans were BTS (34.1%), BLACKPINK YG Thailand (30.17%),
LISA Blackpink Thai Fans (17.39%), and so on. The pages with the highest proportion of Wows were LISA
Blackpink Thai Fans (28.82%), BLACKPINK YG Thailand (26.04%), and BLACKPINK Thailand (22.9%),
and so on. The pages with the highest proportion of Sad Reactions were BLACKPINK Thailand (40.49%),
BLACKPINK YG Thailand (14.91%), BTS (13.6%), and so on. The pages with the highest proportion of
Angry Reactions were BLACKPINK Thailand (42.82%), BLACKPINK YG Thailand (27.65%), LISA
Blackpink Thai Fans (14.58%), and so on. Figure 3 shows the overall percentages of reactions, comments,
and shares on posts. The page with the highest overall proportions of reactions, comments, and shares is
LISA Blackpink Thai Fans. Generally, it was found that the majority of fans mostly used reactions (93.36%)
to interact with a Facebook post concerning K-pop artists, followed by shares (6.08%), and comments
(0.56%), respectively. Figure 4 shows a line graph of the trend of reactions, share, and comments by
members of the Thai K-pop fandom, which reveals their behavior on the Facebook fan page.
As illustrated in Figure 5, which compares the percentage of reactions, shares, and comments by
fans among all eleven pages, it was found that the minimum percentage of reactions each page received was
83.89% (38,158,498 Reactions), followed by that of shares (6.07%, n=2,484,587), and comments (0.56%,
n=229,816). According to the trend in Figure 4, the number of reactions went up in May (4,654,402) through
July (11,671,446). Meanwhile, shares and comments remained constant throughout the seven-month study.
Figure 6 shows the most common words found in the comments sections of posts related to K-pop
artists. It was found that the majority of words were actually linked to the name of the artist or group. In
descending order, the words that appeared most frequently in comments were ‘BLACKPINK’ (8,438
occurrences), ‘BTS’ (7,527 occurrences), ‘NCTThailandFanclub’ (5,929 occurrences), ‘LISA’ (4200
occurrences), ‘NCT127’ (3,195 occurrences), and ‘แอดพิ้ง’ (3,140 occurrences). Additionally, most comments
were from teenagers.
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Figure 2. The proportion of reactions per Facebook page
Figure 3. The overall proportion of reactions, share, and comments
Figure 4. The trend of reactions, share, and comments
BLACKPINK YG
Thailand
26.032%
LISA Blackpink Thai
Fans
24.973%
BLACKPINK Thailand
20.177%
วงวารบังทัน
9.156%
BTS Thailand
5.413%
NCT Thailand Fanclub
4.773%
Blackpink Thailand
News
4.526%
EXO Thailand
3.257%
EXO 엑소 Thailand
1.549%
Jaehyun NCT Thailand
0.139%
EXO Thailand Club
0.004%
reactions_count
93%
shares_count
6%
comments_count
1%
reactions_count
shares_count
comments_count
January February March April May June July
comments_count 28,960 22,899 26,229 24,163 29,224 45,325 53,016
shares_count 300,987 226,814 278,380 254,763 338,059 536,835 548,749
reactions_count 3,930,378 3,448,364 3,672,136 3,589,733 4,654,402 7,192,039 11,671,44
-
2,000,000
4,000,000
6,000,000
8,000,000
10,000,000
12,000,000
14,000,000
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Figure 5. The percentage of reactions, share, and comments
Figure 6. The word cloud of comments on Facebook pages
Table 2 shows the Facebook pages with the most posts, and the top ones listed are NCT Thailand
Fanclub (779), BLACKPINK YG Thailand (736), and LISA Blackpink Thai Fans (705), respectively. The
top 3 pages with the highest shares per post is BTS (785), BLACKPINK Thailand (679), and BLACKPINK
YG Thailand (623), respectively. However, the page with the highest maximum value for shares is
BLACKPINK Thailand (18,658), followed by LISA Blackpink Thai Fans (16,836), and BLACKPINK YG
Thailand (11,408), respectively. The page with the highest Reactions per post is LISA Blackpink Thai Fans
(151,959), followed by BLACKPINK YG Thailand (89,228), and BLACKPINK Thailand (65,970),
respectively. As for the number of Comments per post, the pages with the highest numbers are BLACKPINK
YG Thailand (1,757), BLACKPINK Thailand (1,549), and BTS (1,414), respectively.
3.1. Correlations of fans’ actions on posts in K-pop fan pages on Facebook
First of all, every rank correlation coefficient was significant. We shall now observe how different
pattern metrics for each action compare. The purpose of this is to find a connection among shares, comments,
and reactions, which more or less share similarity to the number of posts, the number of views, and others.
We shall visualize the relationship among different measurements with a heat map.
9,933,506
9,529,400
7,699,232
3,493,922
2,065,447
1,821,337
1,727,146
1,242,959
591,212
52,955
1,382
458,309
385,282
450,589
401,258
243,079
337,125
46,433
93,849
61,194
7,337
132
54,862
59,792
43,821
32,014
11,576
12,595
6,794
4,696
2,955
709
2
75% 80% 85% 90% 95% 100%
BLACKPINK YG Thailand
LISA Blackpink Thai Fans
BLACKPINK Thailand
วงวารบังทัน
BTS Thailand
NCT Thailand Fanclub
Blackpink Thailand News
EXO Thailand
EXO 엑소 Thailand
Jaehyun NCT Thailand
EXO Thailand Club
reactions_count shares_count comments_count
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The correlation matrix in Figure 7, which displays the correlation of actions on posts in K-pop
Facebook pages, shows that Shares and Comments are strongly correlated. Lighter shades show a higher
positive correlation in this heat map, and darker shades suggest a weaker positive correlation. The highest
positive correlation possible is 1, and the highest negative correlation (the lowest positive correlation) is -1.
We can see that the correlation (0.99) between reactions and likes is strongly positive. This means
that they begin to rise in interaction together. A robust positive correlation can also be shown (0.94) between
the number of reactions and love reactions. Likewise, a strong positive correlation was found between the
number of Likes and the number of love reactions (0.89). There are also positive correlations between shares
and comments, between shares and reactions, and between comments and reactions.
These results will confirm the observations of [63]–[65] as well as [66]. The researchers reviewed
the significance of connectivity and the density of social networks. After evaluating how data were associated
between the dimensions, we conducted a content analysis to analyze the rankings of user responses from each
dimension.
Table 2. K-pop Facebook fan page statistics
Facebook Page Name Action per Post Maximum count Share
Reactions Comments Shares Shares Reactions Comments Mean per Fan
BLACKPINK Thailand 11,595 66 679.00 18,658 65,970 1,549 678.60
Blackpink Thailand
News
4,152 16 112.00 2,274 60,847 244 111.62
BLACKPINK YG
Thailand
13,497 75 623.00 11,408 89,228 1,757 622.70
BTS Thailand 3,033 17 357.00 5,114 13,413 301 357.47 0.07
EXO Thailand 2,110 8 159.00 4,589 13,842 447 159.34
EXO Thailand Club 346 1 33.00 65 472 1 33.00
EXO 엑소 Thailand 2,423 12 251.00 1,587 10,836 127 250.80
Jaehyun NCT Thailand 1,261 17 175.00 1,081 3,571 244 174.69
LISA Blackpink Thai
Fans
13,517 85 547.00 16,836 151,959 1,358 547.28
NCT Thailand Fanclub 2,338 16 433.00 6,440 12,788 283 432.77
วงวารบังทัน (Bangtan
Sonyeondan: BTS)
6,837 63 785.00 6,807 28,051 1,414 785.24
Average 5,555 34 378 6,805 40,998 702 378 0
Figure 7. The Facebook page’s reactions correlation matrix
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4. DISCUSSION
Considering the number of followers on the fan pages related to the Blackpink girl group, it is
apparent that a large number of Thai fans admire and follow the popular South Korean group. This may also
be due to the fact that a member of Blackpink is a Thai national among other possible reasons. Moreover, the
highest numbers of reactions (like, love, haha, wow, sad, and angry), comments, and shares also belong to
Thai K-pop fan pages related to the Blackpink girl group. However, the วงวารบังทัน (Bangtan Sonyeondan:
BTS) Facebook page can be placed in the top 3 in terms of number of Shares probably because its posts were
genuinely able to resonate with a vast number of Facebook users. As a consequence of having such relatable
or likeable content, the fan page was able to induce cooperative reactions from fans, which then prompts the
fans to share a certain post on their Facebook wall. The findings also reveal that fans generally tend to press
reaction buttons (like, love, haha, wow, sad, and angry) than leave a comment or share the post on their wall.
In order to attract reactions from fans, the content must be provoking in some manner (e.g., it could be
humorous or sad or interesting). Then, fans will tend to share content they deem worthy of sharing and leave
comments if they desire to do so.
The results of text mining revealed that discussions were mostly about Blackpink and Lisa, a Thai
member of Blackpink. In addition, other K-pop artists or groups are mentioned as well, such as BTS NCT,
and EXO. There are similar findings in terms of the number of fan pages created for a specific artist or group
and the number of reactions on posts concerning those artists or groups-most were all related to Blackpink.
Furthermore, Blackpink fan pages held the highest average of all actions combined. The correlation analysis
revealed that shares and comments were strongly correlated because these are two reactions that show a
higher concentration of fan page post concentrations than conventional engagement. As regards reactions,
like and love displayed a strong positive correlation, which indicates a continuous expression of positive
emotion towards a post.
Finally, some special interaction combinations are described. According to [67], the "share"
interaction's correlations should be considered in light of its particular influence on fan pages reach. Fan
pages reach, and the pace of fan-specific interactions may be affected due to "share" interactions. This impact
of "share" can explain the substantial positive correlations with "comment" interactions. When we looked at
our data, we discovered that the significant positive connection between "click" and negative interactions was
also a thought-provoking combination interaction, which might help to explain why unfavorable Facebook
interactions could improve organic reach.
5. CONCLUSION
K-pop has created new markets for industries and presented benefits to businesses that would have
had few or no means for public relations and promotion otherwise. Social media tools used in various
industries has resulted in growth. The awakening of the Korean wave is something to observe. According to
the results of the present study, it can be observed that the popularity of K-pop is widespread and has become
normalized, and that its products and services have an impact on people's daily lives. The concept of
awareness explains the process of cognition. If being open to the trends of Korean culture and having a good
understanding of the Korean movement result in a change in consumption behavior, then exposure to Korean
entertainment media can possibly explain the culturally influenced behaviors of Thai teenagers. Thai
teenagers' exposure to Korean entertainment media and internet media is linked to Korean cultural values.
Their fascination towards K-pop have encouraged them to learn and imitate the behaviors of their favorite
K-pop idols. Furthermore, this mass fascination has led to the creation of fan pages on Facebook for the
purpose of posting news and updates related to certain K-pop groups and for the purpose of facilitating
communication between K-pop artists and their Thai fans. What makes K-pop so successful and popular is
that it recognizes and caters to the requirements of its fans, both in terms of concept and image. Besides
creating regional idols with the same style and vision of K-pop, K-pop styles will also be produced
repeatedly by regional idol groups. The use of the Internet to spread information is yet another factor that has
made K-pop popular. The spreading popularity can be divided into 4 phases: i) fan base phase, ii) fan base
building period, iii) fan base expansion period, and iv) K-pop success model. The researcher also found that
bringing members from other countries to join a K-pop group is a form of adaptation to each country's
culture.
Our analysis discovered that there were diverse usage patterns in terms of non-profit advocacy
among Thai K-pop fans in Facebook fan pages created and managed by fans and not businesses. When
compared to other Facebook sites managed by entertainment companies and corporations, K-pop fan pages
that were earlier dismissed as being "nonsensical" have shown equivalent rates of advocacy. The results from
the qualitative content analysis in this study suggest that these informal organizations or non-profits are not
just attempting to exchange and share information with the local fans via Facebook, but they are also
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advocating for causes and voicing their concerns on issues they would like to pursue. To illustrate this
diversity, a K-pop Facebook page member commented on the newsfeed to encourage the wider public to
show more interest in their activity. In another case, the admin of one K-pop Facebook page encouraged their
followers to engage more in politics. Our findings suggest that social networking services, such as Facebook
via Facebook pages, can provide K-pop fans with more opportunities to support or promote causes involving
their favorite K-pop artists and the K-pop industry, as well as more opportunities to connect with South
Korean K-pop artists. Last but not least, social networking platforms like Facebook enable K-pop fans to
establish a more glamorous online presence despite financial constraints, limited foreign language
knowledge, and overall lack of opportunities. Future research expects to add more data sources and variables,
such as YouTube, Instagram, and Twitter. And qualitative and quantitative methods, and social network
analysis (SNA) methodology to provide a more detailed and cover study in Korean popular culture.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This research is financially supported by the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Khon Kaen
University, Thailand (grant number: HUSO2563).
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BIOGRAPHIES OF AUTHORS
Wirapong Chansanam received his Ph.D. degree in Information Studies from
Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand. He was with Chaiyaphum Rajabhat University
as a lecturer for nine years. In 2019, he joined Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand,
where he is currently an Associate Professor at the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences.
His research interests include (but not limited to) information science, especially in digital
humanities. He can be contacted at email: wirach@kku.ac.th.
Kulthida Tuamsuk received her D.A. degree in Library and Information Science
from Simmons College, U.S.A. She is currently a Professor at the Faculty of Humanities and
Social Sciences. Her research interests include (but not limited to) information science, smart
learning, and digital humanities. She can be contacted at email: kultua@kku.ac.th.
Kanyarat Kwiecien received her Ph.D. degree in Education Technology from
Chulalongkorn University, Thailand. She is currently an Assistant Professor at the Faculty of
Humanities and Social Sciences. Her research interests include (but not limited to) information
science, digital services, and digital humanities. She can be contacted at email:
kandad@kku.ac.th.
Sam Gyun Oh earned his Ph.D. in Information Transfer from Syracuse
University in 1995 and worked as an assistant professor at the University of Washington,
Information School for four years before returning to South Korea to become a professor at the
Sungkyunkwan University, iSchool. He has taught summer courses at the University of Texas
at Austin; Syracuse University; and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. He also
spent a sabbatical year at the University of Pittsburgh iSchool. He served as the chair of ISO
TC46/SC9 (Identification and Description) for six years and is currently the chair of ISO/IEC
JTC1 SC34 (Document Description & Processing Languages). He is a member of the DCMI
governing board and the iCaucus executive committee, as well as chair of the Asia-Pacific
iSchools. His expertise lies in the fields of metadata design, social/big data analytics, and
data/ontology modeling. He can be contacted at email: samoh@g.skku.edu.