Objective of this presentation is to introduce first year Biological Sciences Students in Nigerian Universities on various forms of life in the Animal Kingdom.
Objective of this presentation is to introduce first year Biological Sciences Students in Nigerian Universities on various forms of life in the Animal Kingdom.
brief description about the diversity of living organisms present on earth... this is actually based on a chapter included in NCERT curriculum in class 9th. may be helpful for the students...
brief description about the diversity of living organisms present on earth... this is actually based on a chapter included in NCERT curriculum in class 9th. may be helpful for the students...
Why is water a more hospitable environment for life than dry land O.pdfarihantkitchenmart
Why is water a more hospitable environment for life than dry land? Osmotic balance is not a
problem Gravity is not a problem. Sperm can meet egg easily in water. Oxygen is more
available in water. B and C only. Angiosperms disperse their seeds by producing seeds. Fleshy
edible fruits that are consumed by animals which defecate the Seeds that sometimes attach to
animals. Seeds that catch the wind. All of the choices are correct. None of the choices are
correct. Tracheal system for gas exchange is found in which organism? Crustacean Earthworm.
Insect. Jellyfish. Vertebrate What is a radula? A flexible supportive rod on the dorsal surface
of chordates. A stinging cell used by sea anemones to capture prey. A locomotory structure in
sea stars. A spiny ribbon of tissues used for feeding in snails. A gas exchange structure in
insects. Which of the following adaptations allowed reptiles to complete their life cycles on
land? Lungs. Endothermic metabolism. An amniotic egg. Four legs. Pack behavior. What
class of the phylum Cnidarian occurs only as a polyp? Hydrozoa. Scyphozoan. Anthozoa.
Only A are correct. A, B, and Care correct.
Solution
The third option is correct. Water is a good source for pollination or spreading of gametes.
The option D is correct. Angiosperms are evolved advanced and have various types of
pollination system. This helps the greater availability of them.
The option C is correct. Insects have advance type of tracheal based respiratory system.
The option D is correct. Radula is a hard anatomical structure used for feeding by scraping or
cutting food. This is characteristic of Mollusca phylum.
The option A is correct. Lungs are importantly developed in reptiles to live in land.
The option D is correct. Hydrozoa a class of Cnidaria are always polyp..
8- Which of the following statements are FALSE about the phylum Chorda.pdfaimscomputers1
8. Which of the following statements are FALSE about the phylum Chordata. a. All chordates
have a postanal tal at some stage in life. b. All chordates have pharyngeal slits that wit develop
into ancther structure. c. In all chordates, the notochord is replaced by the soinal column during
development. e. Both B and C are FALISE 9. Deuterostomes exhibit. a. Radial cleavage b. The
blastopore becomes an anus c. Diploblastic germ layers d. Both A and B e. A , B , and C are all
correct 10. Damage to its flagellum would prevent a choanocyte from a. circulating water
through the sponge. b. stinging and capturing prey. c. secreting spongin to form the spenge body.
d. producing the supportive spicules. 11. How could a biologist distingaish an acoelomate
flatworm from a free-living nematode? a. The acoelomate worm would be solid throughout since
it lacks a true gut: b. The acoelomate worm would havo a nervous system. c. The nematode
would have a more primitive gut and nervous system. d) Only the acoelomate is triploblastic. 12.
Linnaeus lumped all of the worm-like animals into the category Vermes (Vermis is Latin for
worm). is this a vald classification scheme? a. No, because some worms are protists: b. Yes,
because all worms are members of the same kingdom and phylum. c. Yes, because all worm-like
animals are more closely related to each other than they are to other animals due to the
evolutionary history of this body plan. d. No, because the worm-like body plan has appeared
many times through evolutionary history and is not a useful trait for classification. 13. Which of
the following terms is mismutched with its meaning or characteristics? a. Diploblastic-ectoderm
and mesoderm b. Triploblastic-ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm c. Porifera-lacks symmetry
no tissues d. Chordate-an animal with notochord 14. The most diverse of the four eukaryotic
kingdoms is the: a. Protista Kingdom. b. Bacteria Kingdom. c. Plantae Kingdom. d. Animalia
kingdom. 15. Of the folowing features, which is the most widely shared in the animal kingdom?
a. protortome development b. radial cleavare c. inolring of a cuticle or exoskieleton d. a bady
gian with.iymmetry e. a triploblastic embryo.
QUESTION 1All of the following are parts of a flower except the.docxJUST36
QUESTION 1
All of the following are parts of a flower except the
A.
carpel.
B.
ovary.
C.
fruit.
D.
stamen.
E.
cuticle.
QUESTION 2
The segmented worms of the phylum Annelida
A.
have an open circulatory system.
B.
possess setae on each segment.
C.
are acoelomate.
D.
display radial symmetry.
E.
move by use of flagella.
QUESTION 3
In bryophytes, the rhizoids
A.
obtain nutrients.
B.
are involved in reproduction.
C.
obtain water.
D.
lure possible prey.
E.
serve as attachment structures.
QUESTION 4
Which of the following is not a characteristic differentiating Neanderthals from modern humans?
A.
Neanderthals had smaller brains.
B.
Neanderthals had larger noses.
C.
Neanderthals had projecting brow ridges.
D.
Neanderthals were shorter.
E.
Neanderthals were stronger.
QUESTION 5
Fungi exhibit certain characteristics. One of these characteristics is that they
A.
are capable of carrying on photosynthesis.
B.
lack cell nuclei.
C.
reproduce using seeds and pollen.
D.
reproduce using spores.
E.
are prokaryotes.
QUESTION 6
In plants, the secondary metabolites are primarily responsible for
A.
food gathering.
B.
nutrition.
C.
defense.
D.
protection against ultraviolet radiation.
E.
overcoming air pollutants.
QUESTION 7
In cnidarians, nematocysts are important in
A.
obtaining oxygen from the water.
B.
obtaining prey.
C.
movement.
D.
excretion of wastes.
E.
food digestion.
QUESTION 8
Cnidarians and ctenophores are similar in that they both have
A.
a pseudocoel.
B.
a digestive tract with two openings.
C.
radial symmetry.
D.
mesoderm.
E.
nematocysts.
QUESTION 9
All members of the phylum Chordata share
A.
exoskeletons.
B.
gills present throughout their lives.
C.
tails present throughout their lives.
D.
a vertebral column.
E.
a notochord present sometime in their lives.
QUESTION 10
It is generally thought that animals have undergone four major physiological and anatomical innovations during their evolution. These are (in no particular order)
A.
development of tissues, photosynthesis, bilateral symmetry, multicellularity.
B.
development of the versatile forelimb, multicellularity, origin of patterns of embryonic development, development of tissues.
C.
multicellularity, bilateral symmetry, origin of patterns of embryonic development, development of tissues.
D.
bilateral symmetry, development of tissues, origin of the multichambered heart, origin of patterns of embryonic development.
E.
origin of patterns of embryonic development, development of the versatile forelimb, origin of the multichambered heart, multicellularity.
QUESTION 11
Mammals have two traits that set them apart from all other animals. These are
A.
body hair or fur, and being homeothermic.
B.
four-chambered heart and milk production.
C.
amniotic eggs and milk production.
D.
body hair or fur, and milk production.
E.
four-chambered heart and body hair or fur.
QUESTION 12
Which of the following characteristics is not shared by typical birds and mammals?
A.
four limbs
B.
insulating skin ...
Characteristics and classification of living organisms igcse o level 0610tilawat khan
The slides is about lesson characteristic and classification of living organism .
Course IGCSE O level Biology 0610
By Tilawat khan microbiology
Email:tk.microbiologist@gmail.com
Class 11 Important Questions for Biology - Kingdom AnimaliaInfomatica Academy
Here you can get Class 11 Important Questions for Biology based on NCERT Textbook for Class XI. Biology Class 11 Important Questions are very helpful to score high marks in board exams. Here we have covered Important Questions on Kingdom Animalia for Class 11 Biology subject.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.moosaasad1975
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
2. 1.Which characteristic distinguishes Monerans
other kingdoms of life?
A.They are always unicellular
B.They have single cells without a nucleus
C.They move by waving their flagella
D.They can make their own food
3. 2. What class of animals has the characteristics sh
A.Fish
A.Amphibians
B.Reptiles
C.Birds
4. 3. The following are adaptations in amphibians
on land except
A.Strong bones and muscles
B.Skin that stays moist
C.Gills for breathing
D.A complete digestive system
5. 4. Which group needs an aquatic environment to
A.Amphibians
B.Birds
A.Mammals
B.Reptiles
6. 5. A vertebrate with a skeleton made up of carti
belong in which class?
A.Fish
B.Reptile
C.Bird
D.Amphibian
7. 6. On a cold day, snakes usually lie very still and
nothing while birds usually move around and eat
Which statement explains this?
A.Both animals are cold-blooded, but without feat
them warm, snakes gettoo cold to move
B. Unlike birds, snakes are warm-blooded and mu
during cold weather
C. Unlike snakes, birds are cold-blooded and are
by the cold than snakes
D. Unlike snakes, birds are warm-blooded and m
maintain a constant temperature
8. 7. A snake is classified as
A.A mammal
B.A reptile
C.An amphibian
D.An invertebrate
9. 8. A dog would be classified as
A.A mammal
B.A reptile
C.An amphibian
D.An invertebrate
10. 9. Reptiles become more active as the day gets
This is because
A.They have scaly skin
B.Their body temperature changes with the env
C.Their body temperature stays at a constant le
D.They have slimy skin
11. 10. Athlete’s foot and ringworm are skin infection
by organisms belonging to which kingdom?
A.Monerans
B.Protists
C.Fungi
D.Plants
12. 11. Which type of organism is classified as a see
vascular plant that reproduces by spreading spo
A.Ferns
B.Molds
C.Yeasts
D.Mosses
13. 12. Invertebrates such as grasshoppers, which n
their exoskeletons as they grow, belong to which
A.Segmented worms
B.Arthropods
C.Echinoderms
D.Mollusks
14. 13. Which group of invertebrates uses stinging c
to capture food?
A.clams, oysters, and scallops
B.Lobsters, shrimp, and crabs
C.Hydras, jellyfishes, and sea anemones
D.Squids, seahorses, and sponges
15. 14. Spiders, crabs, beetles, and butterflies belon
phylum Arthropoda because they all have
A.A five-part body and spiny skin
B.An exoskeleton and jointed appendages
C.Six legs and no body segments
D.A soft body and a mantle
16. 15. Nonvascular plants include
A.Mosses and algae
B.Liverworts and fungi
C.Algae and fungi
D.Liverworts and mosses
17. 16. All chordates use teeth to feed except
A.Reptiles
B.Mammals
C.Fish
D.Birds
18. 17. Fungi are characterized by having
A.Almost all of their body above ground
B.Roots that provide water and minerals
C.Long tube-like filaments that contact a nuc
D.Single cells that contain chlorophyll
19. 18. Clams, conchs, oysters, snails, slugs, and sq
A.A mantle
B.An outer shell
C.Good eyesight
D.The ability to make pearls
20. 19. Flowering plants are also known as
A.Echinosperms
B.Gymnosperms
C.Angiosperms
D.Seed ferns
21. 20. On a recent research trip to the African rain fo
discovered a new organism that is multicellular an
chlorophyll. Which kingdom does the newly disco
organism mostlikely belong to?
A.Animals
B.Plants
C.Monerans
D.Fungi
22. 21. A Moneran is a
A.one-celled organism with no nucleus
B.One-celled organism with a nucleus
C.Multi-celled organism with a cell wall
D.Multi-celled organism without a cell wall
23. 22. The fungi kingdom would include which orga
A.mold, mushrooms, yeast
B.Euglena, paramecium, volvox
A.Fish, birds, reptiles
B.Round, rod, spiral bacteria
24. 23. George’s science class looked at living cells u
microscope. The students studied an organism th
many different kinds of cells, but each cell had a c
and a nucleus. To which kingdom did this organis
A.Animals
A.Protists
B.Monerans
C.Plants
25. 24. What invertebrate phylum has jointed legs, an
and in most cases three body parts?
A.Arthropods
B.Annelids
C.Mollusks
D.Mammals
26. 25. The invertebrate phylum Mollusks includes wh
A.Crickets and grasshoppers
B.Oysters and clams
C.Euglenas and paramecia
D.Flatworms and roundworms
27. 26. Which animals from the phylum Chordata beg
Breathingthrough gills, then later develop lungs fo
on land?
A.Kingfisher and osprey
B.Turtles and alligators
C.Frogs and toads
D.Sharks and marlins
28. 27. The scientific name for bread mold is Rhizopu
Which classification group is Rhizopus?
A.Genus
B.Class
C.Phylum
D.Species
29. 28. In which kingdom are yeast and molds class
A.Plants
B.Protists
C.Monerans
D.Fungi
30. 29. Bacteria cause many skin infections. To whic
bacteria belong?
A.Plant
B.Protist
C.Fungus
D.Moneran
31. 30. Bacteria can cause you to have
A.An infection
B.Sunburn
C.A headache
D.A bruise
32. 31. Which is least important for most kinds of bac
A.Warmth
B.Light
C.Food
D.Water
33. 32. Which statement is true about the relationship
bacteria and humans?
A.All bacteria are harmful to humans
B.Some bacteria are harmful to humans and othe
are helpful
C. All bacteria are helpful to humans
D. Bacteria are neither helpful nor harmful to hum
34. 33. Which food is made with the help of bacteri
A.Yogurt
B.Soda
C.Bread
D.Vinegar