This document provides an overview of kinetic molecular theory as it relates to liquids and solids. It defines key terms like phase and condensed phase. It explains the differences between intramolecular and intermolecular forces. Intramolecular forces are strong forces within molecules, while intermolecular forces are weaker attractive forces between molecules. Kinetic molecular theory views all matter as made up of particles in constant motion. It is used to describe the properties of solids, liquids and gases at the molecular level based on their mass, shape, volume, compressibility, fluidity, rigidity, diffusion, and spacing between particles.

1. KINETIC MOLECULAR
LESSON 1
GENERAL CHEMISTRY 2

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A adhesive B cohesive
C viscosity D surface tension
What attractive force is present in between
molecules of the same substance?
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A liquid to gas B solid to liquid
C liquid to solid D gas to liquid
Heat of vaporization is the heat energy
absorbed by a substance as it transforms
from _________.
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A capillary action B
heat of
condensation
C surface tension D
heat of
vaporization
Which of the following accounts for the
spherical shape of liquid drops such as
raindrops and drops of oil?
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A liquid to gas B solid to liquid
C liquid to solid D gas to liquid
Heat of melting is the heat energy absorbed
by a substance as it transforms from
_________.
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A capillary action B
heat of
Condensation
C surface tension D
heat of
Vaporization
The rising of liquid into a small vertical
space due to the interplay of cohesive and
adhesive forces is called ______________.
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9. Learning Competency:
•Use the kinetic molecular
model to explain
properties of liquids and
solids

10. Learning Objectives:
•Compare the properties of liquids and solids
with those of gases;
•Describe the characteristic movement of the
particles of gas, liquid and solid; and
•Apply the kinetic molecular theory to describe
liquids and solids

11. Anything around us is made
up of matter which made up
of tiny particles called atoms
and molecules. These
Particles are much too small
to be seen by human eyes.

12. State of mater:
Solid, liquid and gas. Ice,
water and steam are three
different states of matter of
the same material.

13. Recalling vocabulary words for this lesson:
PHASE- a homogeneous,
physically distinct, and
mechanically separable portion
of matter present in a non-
homogeneous system.

14. Recalling vocabulary words for this lesson:
CONDENSED PHASE- liquids
and solids

15. Differences bet. Intermolecular and
Intramolecular Forces
Intramolecular Intermolecular

16. Differences bet. Intermolecular and
Intramolecular Forces
Intramolecular Intermolecular
Strong Weak

17. Differences bet. Intermolecular and
Intramolecular Forces
Intramolecular Intermolecular
Strong Weak
Act within molecules Act between molecules

19. Differences bet. Intermolecular and
Intramolecular Forces
Intramolecular Intermolecular
Strong Weak
Act within molecules Act between molecules
Not strongly affected by physical
changes
Strongly affected by physical
changes

20. Differences bet. Intermolecular and
Intramolecular Forces
Intramolecular Intermolecular
Strong Weak
Act within molecules Act between molecules
Not strongly affected by physical
changes
Strongly affected by physical
changes
Chemical bonds Attractive forces

21. Differences bet. Intermolecular and
Intramolecular Forces
Intramolecular Intermolecular
Strong Weak
Act within molecules Act between molecules
Not strongly affected by physical
changes
Strongly affected by physical
changes
Chemical bonds Attractive forces
Determine chemical behavior of
substance
Determine the state of matter

22. Differences bet. Intermolecular and
Intramolecular Forces
Intramolecular Intermolecular
Strong Weak
Act within molecules Act between molecules
Not strongly affected by physical
changes
Strongly affected by physical
changes
Chemical bonds Attractive forces
Determine chemical behavior of
substance
Determine the state of matter
Categorized into covalent, ionic and
metallic bonds
Categorized into London force, hydrogen
bonding, etc.

23. The physical properties of a
substance depend upon its
physical state. Water vapor,
liquid water and ice all have the
same chemical properties, but
their physical properties are
considerably different.

24. Solids and liquids are
collectively called
condensed phases because
their particles are in virtual
contact.

25. Kinetic molecular theory of liquids and
solids
•Also know as particle theory
•“All mater is made up of particles and these
particles are always in motion”
•Useful in describing the properties of solids,
liquids, and gases at the molecular level (we
will describe these by their general motion
and amounts of kinetic energy as follows.

26. Properties of Solids, Liquids and Gases
(using KMT)
Properties Solids Liquids Gases
Mass Definite Definite Definite
Shape Definite Acquires the shape of
the container
Acquires the shape of
the container
Volume Definite Definite Indefinite
Compressibility Not possible Almost possible Highly possible
Fluidity Not possible Can flow Can flow
Rigidity Highly rigid Less rigid Not rigid
Diffusion Slow Fast Very fast
Space between
particles
Most closely packed Less closely packed Least closely packed
Interparticle Force Strongest Slightly weaker than
solid
Negligible

28. THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING
-Teacher GOLDWIN