This is the public presentation from Kia Hyundai using systematic innovation methodology TRIZ on a Variable Compression Engine, it is the companion presentation on the other paper that we posted here - https://www.slideshare.net/rplatt/patent-strategies-using-triz-at-kia-hyundai-within-a-dfss-framework The related paper to this presentation illustrates using Patent strategies called the "trimming strategy", the "antidote strategy", and the "picket-fence strategy" for patenting.

1. Concept Development of
a Variable Compression Ratio Engine
Using TRIZ
Hong-Wook Lee, Won Gyu Kim, Myung-Rae Cho, Jin Woo Cho, Sang Hee Lee
Hyundai·Kia Motors R&D Center

2. 2/18
● What is “Compression Ratio”?
Compression Ratio =
Maximum Cylinder Volume
Minimum Cylinder Volume
Develop “Variable Compression Ratio engine”
If compression ratio becomes large,
then thermal efficiency increases,
But, engine power decreases due to Knocking
Technical Contradiction
in a Conventional Engine
Introduction
Research Target in this Study
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Turbo-Charged MPI Hybrid
Compression Ratio in Gasoline Engine

3. 3/18
Separation in Time: Variable Compression Ratio Engine
Low Load & Speed : High C/R
High Load & Speed : Low C/R
Engine Efficiency ↑
Engine Power ↑
상용 영역
Engine Speed
EngineLoad
High Power
High C/R
Middle C/R
Low C/R
Variable Compression Ratio Engine
: Compression ratio of the engine can be controlled at each engine operation condition
SAAB VCR engine
Solution of Technical Contradiction

4. 4/18
Effect of Variable Compression Ratio
VCR+Turbo Engine improves 20~30% of Fuel Consumption in comparison with the same power of NA Engine.
1.8 Liter DiesOtto Engine generates “239HP & 18.9km/L”
Variable Compression Ratio Engine

5. 5/18
Bench Marking on Previous VCR Engines
Multi-Link Type is superior to others from viewpoint of mass-production.
Bench Marking
[Ref.: www.mce-5.com]
Problem: Patent Infringement
Patent Circumvention Using TRIZ
Articulated Cylinder Head Hydraulic Piston Eccentric Bearing
Main
journal
Piston
pin
Crank
pin
● Concept
Nissan / PSA
Additional Piston Gear-Based
Volvo / Ford MCE-5
● Concept ● Concept
● Concept ● Concept ● Concept
Saab FEVFord
Multi-Link Rod-Crank

6. 6/18
Trim “Eccentric Cam, Control Shaft,
Actuator, Control Link”
● Multi Link Type VCR Engine
Cylinder Block Lower Link
move
● Trimming Problem
● Function Analysis
IDEA-1: Patent Circumvention
Patent Circumvention Using Trimming
Piston
Upper
Link
Crank
Shaft
Lower
Link
Control
Shaft
Actuator
Cylinder
Head
Cylinder
Block
Air/Fuel
Mixture
Piston Pin
Upper
Pin
Eccentric
Cam
Control
Pin
Control
Link
Crank
Pin
Compress
Hold
Move
Move
Move
Move
MoveMove
Move
Move
Move
Move
Move
Hold
Hold
Hold
Hold
Hold
Hold

7. 7/18
Idea Generation from Trimming Problem
Remove
Control Link
Inventive
Principle 14.
“Curvature”
Consider
Function of
Control Link
Find the way
to keep
trajectory
Control Link
Existing Patent
Trajectory
Inventive
Principle 15.
“Dynamics”
Control Slot
Low C/R High C/R
Circumvented Idea
IDEA-1: Trimming

8. 8/18
Existing Patent
Result of Idea Generation (Step1)
Circumvent
Patent
Trimming
IDEA-1
Multi-Link Type VCR
Strengthen
Idea
Antidote ?
Idea Generation Using TRIZ

9. 9/18
Circumvent IDEA-1 again to strengthen idea (Antidote Strategy)
IDEA-1
Trim Control Pin
(Trimming)
Optimize
Shape
Control Slot
IDEA-2
Control Slot
Low C/R High C/R
Connect
Control Slot
to Upper Pin
IDEA-2: Antidote Strategy

10. 10/18
Existing Patent IDEA-1
Solve
Expected Problem
ARIZ
Multi-Link Type VCR
IDEA-2
?
Circumvent
Patent
Trimming
Strengthen
Idea
Antidote
Idea Generation Using TRIZ
Result of Idea Generation (Step2)

11. 11/18
“Control Slot” is introduced to IDEA-1
Control Slot
IDEA-1
● When the clearance is large● When the clearance is small
Control slot guides control pin well,
but friction becomes large.
Friction will be reduced,
but control slot cannot guide pin well.
What is expected problem of control slot?
1. What is a proper clearance between Control Slot and Control Pin?
2. Machining Problem: How to machine control slot uniformly?
3. How much is a slot deformed by thermal expansion?
4. …
Solve Expected Problem Using ARIZ
IDEA-3: Expected Problem of Control Slot
Use ARIZ

12. 12/18
● When clearance is small (Minimal Change)
Pin
Slot
Increase
Contact Area
Pin
Slot
: High stress condition
: No stress condition
: Low stress condition
● Small Smart People
Pin
Slot
Non-uniform width
Problem still exists due to non-uniform slot
Friction
● Change Shape of Control Pin
IDEA-3: ARIZ

13. 13/18
Pin
Slot
Non-Uniform
Width
Non-Uniform
Width of Slot
Machining
Thermal
Deform
Shape of
Slot
Wear of
Tool
Non-Uniform
Temperature
Distribution
Inventive
Principle 13.
“The Other
Way Round”
IDEA-3: ARIZ
● Cause Effect Chain Analysis
● Change shape of slot ● Replace control slot with control bar
Pin
bar
Pin
bar
Control Slot
Idea1
Control Slot
Idea1 Idea2
Control Bar
Idea2
Control Bar

14. 14/18
Existing Patent IDEA-2IDEA-1
IFOS
IDEA-3
Multi-Link Type VCR
Expand
Function of VCR
?
Solve
Expected Problem
ARIZ
Circumvent
Patent
Trimming
Strengthen
Idea
Antidote
Result of Idea Generation (Step3)
Idea Generation Using TRIZ

15. 15/18
Expand function of Control Slot to Other Application
(IFOS: Inverted Function-Oriented Search)
IDEA-2
Control Slot Large Displacement Small Displacement Zero Displacement
Variable Displacement Engine
Expand
function of
control slot
Variable Compression Ratio Engine
Using Control Slot
Variable Displacement Engine
Using Control Slot
IDEA-4: IFOS

16. 16/18
● Large Displacement ● Small Displacement ● Zero Displacement
Control Slot
IDEA-4: Variable Displacement Engine Using Control Slot

17. 17/18
Existing Patent
IDEA-3
IDEA-2IDEA-1
IDEA-4
Multi-Link Type VCR
IFOS
Expand
Function of VCR
Solve
Expected Problem
ARIZ
Circumvent
Patent
Trimming
Strengthen
Idea
Antidote
Result of Idea Generation (Step4)
Idea Generation Using TRIZ

18. 18/18
Conclusion
Variable compression engine itself is one of good examples of
“Separation in Time”, and it can maximize engine power and fuel economy.
In this study, TRIZ is applied to develop new concept of VCR engine.
Various tools of TRIZ have been used in this study:
“Function Analysis” is applied to analyze previous VCR models.
“Trimming” makes new contradiction.
“Antidote Strategy” strengthens circumvented idea.
“ARIZ” gives a solution to the expected problem.
“IFOS” expands control slot to other applications.
Finally, several concepts of VCR engine have been obtained successfully.