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Khf kenya irrigation_mandera_presentation_ir_31_oct08
Islamic Relief Kenya presented lessons learned from irrigation projects in Mandera, Kenya. The projects aimed to improve food security for vulnerable agro-pastoral communities through irrigation farming. Three key projects were discussed: a pilot project funded by IRK, and two subsequent projects funded by Qatar Charity and ECHO. The presentation provided details on project locations, beneficiaries, activities, achievements, challenges and lessons learned. It was noted that irrigation has potential to increase incomes and food security if best practices are followed around issues like water management, diversified cropping, and market access.
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Khf kenya irrigation_mandera_presentation_ir_31_oct08
- 1. Islamic Relief Kenya IrrigationProjects in Mandera Lessons learned Presented by: Yesuf Abdella Mohammed IRK, Head of Mission Friday, October 31, 2008 y, , Nairobi, Kenya
- 2. Content 1. Overviewof IR operation area 2. IR’s Programmes in Mandera 3. Irrigation in Mandera Baseline Info Mandera- 4. Overall objective of irrigation projects & their location Current staffing & office structure 5. The Process 6. Detailed information, progress/achievement per project 7. Simple cost benefit analysis (CBA) 8. Challenges encountered & corrective measures 9. Lessons learned, recommendation & future direction 10. 10 Key messages
- 3. 1. Overview ofIR Operational area M d Mandera • Pop= 311,777; • Drought recurrence followed by flood become very frequent • 70 % pop. relief dependent • 4 clans (3main) • IR O Operates in 7 out t i t of 18 Divisions (106,000 benef.) • Other INGOs; AAH AAH, SC/UK, VSF • Pastoralism & the mainstayy
- 4. IRK operation areaMandera district
- 5. Mandera T i Md Triangle l Mandera- Kenya
- 6. Characterized by Recurrenceof drought & floods
- 7. 2. IR’s Programmesin Mandera 1. Nutrition 2. 2 WATSAN 3. Livelihood a. I i t d Agriculture Irrigated A i lt b. Micro-Credit 4. Orphans 5. Education
- 8. 3. 3 IRRIGATION IN MANDERA Baseline info of irrigation • Daua River bounds Kenya & Eth along Mandera district for 150Km • Flows 9 months/yr in normal years • Annual rainfall 250mm distributed into 2 rainy seasons ( y (Long: April- g p June and Short: October- November) • 3 cropping seasons possible per year by irrigation due to short growing period (Temperature Avg. 32 but can go a high as 39; hence high photosynthesis and h h t th i d hence ET) • Land owned by county council but by town council in central division • Soils: Reddish varying texture; fine sandy loamy or clay & v. calcareous (salinity along Daua R) • Flat topography and subject for flooding in low lying areas • Intl river posing problem of not putting permanent diversion dam • Traditional irrigation practice using low head pumps • Potentially irrigable area 10,500ha (Irrigation Dept)
- 9. Daua R. flows9 months/yr
- 10. Transportation on DauaR. when full
- 11. 4. 4 Overall objectiveof irrigation projects & their location Improve food security of vulnerable agro pastoral agro-pastoral dropouts through enhanced livelihood activities to enable them lead a self reliant life while contributing to sustained economy of th t f the target locations and tl ti d the broader Mandera District
- 12. Project sites/locations ECHO funded ongoing Qatar Ch i Q Charity funded - ongoing 1stt pilot IR il funded completed
- 13. 5. The 5 Th process 1. 1 COMMUNITY CONSULTATION, TARGETTING CONSULTATION TARGETTING, PLANNING & MEETING
- 14. The process cont… • MOU signed with the MoWI, PS • Community, local admin and MoA together with IR staffs identified agreed upon project area/site & 60 beneficiaries • Beneficiaries organized in 6 Irr groups ea 10 members Irr. • Beneficiaries selected 20 early adopters/group leaders for exchange visit to similar areas with success story • Exchange visit organized by the MoWI funding and facilitation • Participants of exchange visit shared lessons to all other members • Beneficiaries discussed on the planned actives and clear roles and responsibilities crafted- direct support of IR’s inputs (apart from technical) ending after one cropping season • MOU signed between irr groups and IR • Survey and design of canal, pump site etc concluded by IR/community • Beneficiaries mobilized for action
- 15. Mobilization & capacitybuilding at Sala
- 16. Bush clearing bycommunity
- 17. Bush clearing bycommunity cont…
- 18. Land Preparation cont… p Tractor Ploughing land for irrigation
- 19. Handover of inputs IRKstaff interprets the pump Girrisa central farmers characteristics to farmers posing for a photo after and Rhamu during handing nd Rh m d ing h nding receiving seeds from IRK e ei ing eed f om over
- 20. O&M Training atRhamu
- 21. Testing of pumpafter training
- 22. Communities constructing canal
- 23. Preparation of basins& furrows
- 24.
- 25. Canals at operation C l t ti
- 26.
- 27. Irrigation system functioning Cont… IRK staff inspecting maize at Stilling basin at Rhamu Yabicho
- 28. Crop under h C d harvest t
- 29. Crop under h C d harvest t
- 30. Farmer picking tomatoes& cattle feeding from crop aftermath
- 31. 2007 World FoodDay Celebrated at IR funded Irrigation Project
- 32. 6. Detailed information progress/achieveme nt per p j p project
- 33. ( IR funded 1st pilot project- impl. in i l i 2007) Project Total Area in Benefic. Status Location C Cost Acre HH Euros Become Hareri 44,000 60 60 (6 Irr. operational & Group & run by 6 pump) beneficiaries b fi i i Total 44,000 60
- 34. ( Qatar Charityfunded 2008 ) funded- Project cost location Ben. HHs Status Girrisa 45 1st harvest Rhamu 45 1st harvest 115,000 Shantole Sh t l 45 1st h harvest t Yabicho 45 1st harvest Total 180 (18 Irr Group & Cost 115,000 pumps
- 35. Activities/achievements of Qatar Charity Project Mobilized, selected , registered & formed 18 Small Irrigation groups of 10 farmers each Assorted farm tools and equipment distributed to 180 farmers Supported 180 farmers to reclaim over 180 acres of land thro’ hiring a tractor for land preparation Canal construction and land preparation by farmers
- 36. Activities/achievements of Qatar Charity Project Cont … 18 pump set ea 8 HP capacity & 17lt/sec capacity distributed Trained T i d over 72 pump operators across th t the 18 farmers groups on Pump operation and maintenance Constructed over 15 Pump seats and stilling basins Procured and distributed over 1.5 tons of assorted seeds
- 37. Activities/achievements of Qatar Charity Project Cont … IR has so far distributed 40L of Diesel per farmer to 180 farmers (7200 lt) Changed the notion of farmers from being recipients of hand to mouth relief food to self sufficiency Improved in nutritional status & income Benefited the general public through supply of food/fodder-market exchange
- 38. ECHO Funded- 2008/9 Project location No. of Status (IFSDAA) Ben./ Acre Sala 150/150 Canal con. on going, going pump mobilized, land prepared, crops Irrigation p planted using RF g Qumbiso 120/120 ,, ,, ,, Cost: 276,000 Euros (out of 700,000 Euros Hareri 130/130 ,, ,, ,, ECHO funded project) Total; 400/400
- 39. Indicators of resultECHO funded project: • 400 vulnerable farmers supported to engage in irrigated farming to become food secure within one farming season (2 Irr seasons). • 400 acres of land put under food crops and fodder cultivation • 324 MT of foods and 400 MT of fodder harvested per irr. season Activities related to the result • Community mobilisation and beneficiary selection • Survey, design & construction of canals & pump seats • Land preparation • Installation of irrigation pump sets • Supply of fuel and engine oil for pump sets • Training of farmers in extension & pump set operation • Supply of certified seeds & limited pesticides
- 40. ECHO project progressto date • 40 irrigation groups formed • 400 Acre reclaimed through bush clearing • 160 Acres planted using the recent rains, • Hand tools distributed to all 400 • Pumps seat and canal design on progress P t d ld i • Procurement of 30 pump sets at its final stage & installation to start this week • 4000 lt of fuel distributed • 40 Farmers Field School (FFS) formed
- 41. 7. CBA inEuros for HH at 2MT/Acre/season ( (2-3 production seasons/yr possible) p y p ) Productio Cost/yr Gross GM/Acre n in Mt income •Maize 184 192 288 2MT/Acre/ + season 280 •Fodder/ crop 472 aftermath Vegetables V t bl 333 900 567
- 42. 8. 8 Challengesencountered & corrective measures undertaken Soil Salinity- Irr Water Mgt, select non saline affected area Floods- select areas less prone to flooding for p g irrigation and locate pumps in safe/protected site Insect and pest- IPM Loose of water through seepage canal lining & water seepage- mgt training Low level of education, hence poor adoption rates to modern technology. gy Culture/land tenure; practice unfavorable to women beneficiaries- sensitization and awareness raising Poor market infrastructures Conflict and insecurity in Mandera and Somalia
- 43. Major farm level challenges – S li it Salinity – Insect & Pest – Loose of water through seepage
- 44. 8. Lessons learned, recommendation & future direction • Animal traction through (DAT) to complement land preparation by tractor • Diversification of crops through mixed or intercropping to increase output p unit pp g p per area. • Growing high value crops such as Oil crops sunflower, cotton, simsim, f it & fl tt i i fruit vegetable
- 45. Lessons learned, recommendation & future direction cont… • Promote production of fodder, encourage seed bulking and fodder banking • Addition of value to crops through processing incases of oil or fruit crops. • Utili ti of crop b Utilization f by-products as f dd d t fodder (cotton, simsim & sunflower cake and maize stalks) • Use of farmyard manure to enrich soil fertility hence promoting sustainable organic farming
- 46. Recommendations • Permanent lining on the canals & stilling b i to reduce water P li i h l illi basins d loss through surface seepage & erosion control • DAT (Draught Animal Technology) be re-introduced in the region • Promote seed bulking and fodder banking for both exotic and indigenous crops (S d grass, P l millet, G i di (Sudan Pearl ill t Green l f leaf desmodium, Green gram ,pigeon peas, cow peas) • More funds be geared towards improvement in market information, links and opportunities for the farm produce. • Soil fertility, salinity and water management strategies be strengthened. t th d
- 47. Future Directions • Trainingfarmers on Good Agronomic practices • Formation of farmers co-operatives for effective/efficient input output market ff i / ffi i i k • Setting up more Farmers Field Schools or Common interest groups that will act as centers of extension education/dissemination of modern farming techniques • Training of trainees and community Ag. extension g y g workers to improve farmers production skill and knowledge • Close monitoring of early warning info for g y g contingency plan incase of failure rains in Ethiopian highlands • Replication of same efforts in collaboration with p ALRMP & COCOOP making use of EMOP FFW
- 48. 9. Key messages •Good intentions of saving lives through food aid (but if improperly managed/targeted) can kill livelihood; hence dependency syndromes • W should push f such l We h ld h for h long term interventions t cut t i t ti to t the adverse impacts of recurrent droughts from happening as vulnerables who already run out of asset can easily fallback • In doing so we can also ensure channeling aid with all the dignity and self-reliance • Given the current hicks of food price and its p unavailability in the market good to think of producing crops within 3 months • Irrigation is only one of the number of alt livelihood options for ASAL areas hence not a panacea Need to areas- panacea. explore other options while tapping irrigation opportunity.
- 49.