TransCanada is a major player in the natural gas and power industries in North America. The Keystone XL pipeline would provide additional access for oil produced in Canada and the U.S. Bakken formation to refineries along the Gulf Coast. When completed, it will help address concerns about declining supplies from other countries and increase security of oil supplies in the U.S.
Oil Depletion & the Coming Global Energy Crisis, Seth Cook (June 2012)Beijing Energy Network
The 20th century was an era of cheap and abundant resources. Global energy supplies expanded dramatically. But in the early decades of the 21st century, we have already entered an era of scarce and expensive resources. In fact, in this century we may even see a contraction of global energy supplies, particularly of oil. We are perched on the verge of a global energy crisis, although very few people are aware of it, including energy experts.
Global discovered resource and yet-to-find, OPEC Countries; Conventional oil and Unconventional oil, UNCONVENTIONAL PROSPECTIVE RESOURCES, Heavy crude oil, Bitumen, Oil sand, Oil shale, Deepwater oil , Polar (ARCTIC) oil , Fractured source rock, Coal liquefaction or Gas to liquids
Our group presentation and topic discussion is titled "The US Strategic Petroleum Reserve and its Implications on the Domestic and Global Oil Market." Our team members include Matthew Yorkinski, Shih-hsu Hsu, and Jaime Sigaran (myself).
Our topic discussion will involve four parts:
Part One will serve as a formal introduction to the SPR program in the United States as well as look at the basic structure government policies and relevant laws--from historical beginning to where we are now.
Part Two will discuss economic factors such as supply and demand of crude oil. Furthermore, we will discuss market trends, such as technology and address scarcity issues.
Part Three will encourage a environmental dialogue. Here we discuss how underground salt domes interact with geological shifts and the natural environment.
Part Four will serve as our conclusion. We will discuss our final thoughts about the program and make suggests to improve or change the current framework.
New base energy news issue 906 dated 14 august 2016Khaled Al Awadi
Greetings,
Attached FYI (NewBase 14 August 2016 ) , from Hawk Energy Services Dubai . Daily energy news covering the MENA area and related worldwide energy news. In today’s issue you will find news about:-
• UAE:Capacity of Emirates National Oil Company’s Jebel Ali condensate refinery to be increased
• Saudi :Defending oil market share still ‘pre-eminent’ IHS says
• Yemen resumes oil shipments, the first since start of civil war
• Oman says new refinery capacity in Sohar to cut crude oil exports
• Iraq: Production at Atrush oilfield in Kurdish region to be delayed
• Libya needs big spend to boost its vital oil revenue
• Kenya: This country is set to join the oil producers club
• US: North Dakota oil output seen falling below 1 MBD mark
• World tight oil production to more than double from 2015 to 2040
• Oil Heads to Weekly Gain as Saudis Reiterate Wish for Stability
• Oil Drillers Bring Back Rigs in Longest Streak Since 2014
• International Energy Agency concerned as oil supplies exceed demand
• In Debt and Out of Cash, Oil and Gas M&A Slow to Recover
we would appreciate your actions to send to all interested parties that you may wish. Also note that if you or your organization wish to include your own article or advert in our circulations, please send it to :-
khdmohd@hotmail.com or khdmohd@hawkenergy.net
Best Regards.
Khaled Al Awadi
Energy Consultant & NewBase Chairman - Senior Chief Editor
MS & BS Mechanical Engineering (HON), USA
Emarat member since 1990
ASME meme since 1995
Hawk Energy since 2010
Oil Depletion & the Coming Global Energy Crisis, Seth Cook (June 2012)Beijing Energy Network
The 20th century was an era of cheap and abundant resources. Global energy supplies expanded dramatically. But in the early decades of the 21st century, we have already entered an era of scarce and expensive resources. In fact, in this century we may even see a contraction of global energy supplies, particularly of oil. We are perched on the verge of a global energy crisis, although very few people are aware of it, including energy experts.
Global discovered resource and yet-to-find, OPEC Countries; Conventional oil and Unconventional oil, UNCONVENTIONAL PROSPECTIVE RESOURCES, Heavy crude oil, Bitumen, Oil sand, Oil shale, Deepwater oil , Polar (ARCTIC) oil , Fractured source rock, Coal liquefaction or Gas to liquids
Our group presentation and topic discussion is titled "The US Strategic Petroleum Reserve and its Implications on the Domestic and Global Oil Market." Our team members include Matthew Yorkinski, Shih-hsu Hsu, and Jaime Sigaran (myself).
Our topic discussion will involve four parts:
Part One will serve as a formal introduction to the SPR program in the United States as well as look at the basic structure government policies and relevant laws--from historical beginning to where we are now.
Part Two will discuss economic factors such as supply and demand of crude oil. Furthermore, we will discuss market trends, such as technology and address scarcity issues.
Part Three will encourage a environmental dialogue. Here we discuss how underground salt domes interact with geological shifts and the natural environment.
Part Four will serve as our conclusion. We will discuss our final thoughts about the program and make suggests to improve or change the current framework.
New base energy news issue 906 dated 14 august 2016Khaled Al Awadi
Greetings,
Attached FYI (NewBase 14 August 2016 ) , from Hawk Energy Services Dubai . Daily energy news covering the MENA area and related worldwide energy news. In today’s issue you will find news about:-
• UAE:Capacity of Emirates National Oil Company’s Jebel Ali condensate refinery to be increased
• Saudi :Defending oil market share still ‘pre-eminent’ IHS says
• Yemen resumes oil shipments, the first since start of civil war
• Oman says new refinery capacity in Sohar to cut crude oil exports
• Iraq: Production at Atrush oilfield in Kurdish region to be delayed
• Libya needs big spend to boost its vital oil revenue
• Kenya: This country is set to join the oil producers club
• US: North Dakota oil output seen falling below 1 MBD mark
• World tight oil production to more than double from 2015 to 2040
• Oil Heads to Weekly Gain as Saudis Reiterate Wish for Stability
• Oil Drillers Bring Back Rigs in Longest Streak Since 2014
• International Energy Agency concerned as oil supplies exceed demand
• In Debt and Out of Cash, Oil and Gas M&A Slow to Recover
we would appreciate your actions to send to all interested parties that you may wish. Also note that if you or your organization wish to include your own article or advert in our circulations, please send it to :-
khdmohd@hotmail.com or khdmohd@hawkenergy.net
Best Regards.
Khaled Al Awadi
Energy Consultant & NewBase Chairman - Senior Chief Editor
MS & BS Mechanical Engineering (HON), USA
Emarat member since 1990
ASME meme since 1995
Hawk Energy since 2010
Western Canadian Select has been getting much press lately, advertised as Canada's discounted heavy oil produced exclusively for the US market. But there's a lot more to that story. Learn more about Western Canadian Select and other streams of heavy oil produced in Canada.
Prospects of Tar Sand in Nigeria Energy Mixtheijes
In ancient times, the Elamites, Chaldeans, Akkadians, and Sumerians mined shallow deposits of asphalt, or bitumen occurring in tar sand for their own use. Mesopotamian bitumen was exported to Egypt where it was employed for various purposes, including the preservation of mummies. Tar sand had many other uses in the ancient world. It was mixed with sand and fibrous materials for use in the construction of watercourses and levees and as mortar for bricks. In Nigeria, development of heavy oil and bitumen in Tar sand reserves is increasing around the western part of the country. The increasing volume of cheaper heavy oil in the supply mix has provided an incentive for refiners to upgrade their equipment to process the poorer-quality heavier crude occurring in tar sand. The upgrading investments have helped to maintain a demand for heavy oil in spite of the declining price of conventional crude since the early 1980s. As the demand for heavy oil and synthetic crude from tar sands remains strong, heavyhydrocarbon development projects are being initiated in western part of Nigeria. In addition, unsuccessful attempts to find new giant conventional oil fields in recent years have caused some producers to turn to the marginally economic heavy hydrocarbons to replace depleted petroleum reservoirs. Bitumen development in Nigeria is also poised to become Nigerian major foreign exchange earner, second to conventional oil in the coming years.
Greetings,
Attached FYI ( NewBase Special 30 November 2015 ) , from Hawk Energy Services Dubai . Daily energy news covering the MENA area and related worldwide energy news. In todays’ issue you will find news about:-
• UAE: Emirates Nuclear ENEC ANNOUNCES COMPLETION OF MAJOR CONSTRUCTION MILESTONE
• Senegal: Cairn JV receives presidential decree confirming Senegal PSC extension
• OPEC members Need Price Jump to Balance Budget: OPEC Reality Check
• Oil prices rise slightly, investors eye OPEC meeting
• Gulf Countries is seen unwilling to tighten oil taps alone
• The Russia-Iran-Turkey energy triangle – old enemies locked in a power embrace
we would appreciate your actions to send to all interested parties that you may wish. Also note that if you or your organization wish to include your own article or advert in our circulations, please send it to :-
khdmohd@hotmail.com or khdmohd@hawkenergy.net
Best Regards.
Khaled Al Awadi
Energy Consultant & NewBase Chairman - Senior Chief Editor
MS & BS Mechanical Engineering (HON), USA
Emarat member since 1990
ASME meme since 1995
Hawk Energy since 2010
Ports-to-Plains Energy Summit
Omni Interlocken Resort
Broomfield, CO
April 7, 2011
Alberta has the world’s second largest oil reserves, but new pipelines are needed to move this resource to markets in the U.S. Find out about proposed pipeline projects in the region and what they mean for job creation.
Western Canadian Select has been getting much press lately, advertised as Canada's discounted heavy oil produced exclusively for the US market. But there's a lot more to that story. Learn more about Western Canadian Select and other streams of heavy oil produced in Canada.
Prospects of Tar Sand in Nigeria Energy Mixtheijes
In ancient times, the Elamites, Chaldeans, Akkadians, and Sumerians mined shallow deposits of asphalt, or bitumen occurring in tar sand for their own use. Mesopotamian bitumen was exported to Egypt where it was employed for various purposes, including the preservation of mummies. Tar sand had many other uses in the ancient world. It was mixed with sand and fibrous materials for use in the construction of watercourses and levees and as mortar for bricks. In Nigeria, development of heavy oil and bitumen in Tar sand reserves is increasing around the western part of the country. The increasing volume of cheaper heavy oil in the supply mix has provided an incentive for refiners to upgrade their equipment to process the poorer-quality heavier crude occurring in tar sand. The upgrading investments have helped to maintain a demand for heavy oil in spite of the declining price of conventional crude since the early 1980s. As the demand for heavy oil and synthetic crude from tar sands remains strong, heavyhydrocarbon development projects are being initiated in western part of Nigeria. In addition, unsuccessful attempts to find new giant conventional oil fields in recent years have caused some producers to turn to the marginally economic heavy hydrocarbons to replace depleted petroleum reservoirs. Bitumen development in Nigeria is also poised to become Nigerian major foreign exchange earner, second to conventional oil in the coming years.
Greetings,
Attached FYI ( NewBase Special 30 November 2015 ) , from Hawk Energy Services Dubai . Daily energy news covering the MENA area and related worldwide energy news. In todays’ issue you will find news about:-
• UAE: Emirates Nuclear ENEC ANNOUNCES COMPLETION OF MAJOR CONSTRUCTION MILESTONE
• Senegal: Cairn JV receives presidential decree confirming Senegal PSC extension
• OPEC members Need Price Jump to Balance Budget: OPEC Reality Check
• Oil prices rise slightly, investors eye OPEC meeting
• Gulf Countries is seen unwilling to tighten oil taps alone
• The Russia-Iran-Turkey energy triangle – old enemies locked in a power embrace
we would appreciate your actions to send to all interested parties that you may wish. Also note that if you or your organization wish to include your own article or advert in our circulations, please send it to :-
khdmohd@hotmail.com or khdmohd@hawkenergy.net
Best Regards.
Khaled Al Awadi
Energy Consultant & NewBase Chairman - Senior Chief Editor
MS & BS Mechanical Engineering (HON), USA
Emarat member since 1990
ASME meme since 1995
Hawk Energy since 2010
Ports-to-Plains Energy Summit
Omni Interlocken Resort
Broomfield, CO
April 7, 2011
Alberta has the world’s second largest oil reserves, but new pipelines are needed to move this resource to markets in the U.S. Find out about proposed pipeline projects in the region and what they mean for job creation.
Fuels refining is an integral component of Canada's oil and gas value chain. Refineries are the crucial manufacturing intermediary between crude oil and refined products.
View this to understand the business of processing crude oil into fuels and other value added products.
To learn more, please visit: http://www.canadianfuels.ca
The best overview of CO2 EOR I've seen crabtreeSteve Wittrig
Brad Crabtree, "The critical role of CCS and EOR in managing US carbon emissions" in "CO2 Summit II: Technologies and
Opportunities", Holly Krutka, Tri-State Generation & Transmission Association Inc. Frank Zhu, UOP/Honeywell Eds, ECI Symposium Series, (2016). http://dc.engconfintl.org/co2_summit2/3
This presentation covers factors that caused the petroleum industry to decline during the 1980s, and then leading to the recovery beginning in 2008 through some possible future development trajectories.
Justin Dargin, a Research Fellow with The Dubai Initiative at Harvard University and a Fulbright Scholar of the Middle East, was invited by CIRS to deliver a lecture on “Gulf Gas Development: A Rational Development Strategy” to Georgetown University in Qatar faculty and staff. The lecture focused on the basics of the Gulf Gas/Power Sector and how the countries of the GCC are facing the current energy challenges.
10 Things That May Affect the Future of Subsea ProductionHubie Fix
The oil and gas industry is facing challenges and dilemmas encountered in 2009 such as contract delays, furloughs and rig closures are resurfacing. As oil and gas prices continue to decline, oil companies are starting to consider rig stacking as an alternative to reducing overhead and operating costs. This presentation explored what the future might hold for the subsea market, current infrastructures and future deepwater project development.
This presentation was presented at the 2015 Deepwater Technical Symposium in New Orleans, Louisiana.
Petrocapita Jan 2010 Energy & Macro BriefingPetrocapita
Petrocapita is an energy investment trust and is the second in a family of hard asset funds co-founded by the investment team. We believe that demand for energy will continue to move prices higher over the long-term. Petrocapita was created to allow investors to add professionally managed oil production directly to their portfolios. Petrocapita provides investors 10.25% interest and 10% profit participation.
An issue brief/report from the Manhattan Institute. The 20-page report says now is the time for the U.S. to press its advantage in shale energy. The report's writer, senior fellow at the Manhattan Institute, Oren Cass, points out the cyclical nature of commodity prices for oil and gas and says even though prices are down now--they won't stay that way. In order to take full advantage of the shale boom, Cass suggests 11 reforms to help craft a smarter U.S. energy policy--one that will amplify the current boom and extend it far into the future.
Presentation by Joe Kiely, Vice President of Operations at Ports-to-Plains Alliance at Northern Ports-to-Plains Work Group Meeting in Wainwright, AB on June 21, 2013
Energy Development Impact on Transportation Infrastructure presented by TxDOT at Ports-to-Plains Alliance Annual Meeting in Washington DC on April 26, 2013.
Wind Energy's Future and the Impact on U.S. Manufacturing presentation at Ports-to-Plains Alliance Energy Conference in Washington DC on April 26, 2013.
Fuels Policy, Ethanol and RFS Reform Political and Policy Implications on Gas...Ports-To-Plains Blog
Fuels Policy, Ethanol and RFS Reform
Political and Policy Implications on Gasoline Prices.
Presented at Ports-to-Plains Alliance Energy Conference, Washington Dc on April 26, 2013
Dear Governor Heineman:
Thank you for approving the new route for the Keystone XL Pipeline. The project will allow America to gain independence from Middle East and Venezuelan oil by increasing supplies from our loyal, stable and secure ally in Canada. It will also be a major economic development booster for our country and region, not only in the construction of the pipeline, but in further development of Alberta’s oil resources. For every two Canadian jobs created by the oil sands, a third is created in the US. Alberta oil sands development is projected to generate more than $500 billion in US economic impact over the next 25 years.
Letter supporting the Findings of nebraska Department of Environmental Quality for the Keystone XL Pipeline Evaluation by 125 elected officials and community leaders in the Ports-to-Plains region.
Jack Schenendorf, Ports-to-Plains Alliance Transportation Consultant, in Washington will address the following topics:
The 2012 elections, the politics of 113th Congress, and the new leaders handling transportation.
Fiscal cliff: how bad is it and what is likely to happen?
Transportation's fiscal cliff: what are we going to do about it?
MAP-21 implementation and reauthorization in 113th Congress.
Jack Schenendorf’s practice concentrates on transportation and legislation with a particular focus on legislative strategy, legislative procedure, and the federal budget process. For nearly 25 years, Mr. Schenendorf served on the staff of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the U.S. House of Representatives. He was Chief of Staff from 1995 to 2001.
Jack represents the Ports-to-Plains Alliance in Washington, DC. In addition he has represented Associated General Contractors, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Association of Equipment Manufactures, United Airlines and others
The international trade data comes from Bureau of Transportation Statistics North American Transborder Freight Data (http://www.bts.gov/programs/international/transborder/TBDR_QA.html). domestic data is from the Freight Analysis Framework by Center for Transportation Analysis in the Oak Ridge National Laboratory under funding from the Federal Highway Administration (http://faf.ornl.gov/fafweb/Extraction2.aspx).
Comments on Interim Guidance on State Freight Plans and State Advisory Commit...Ports-To-Plains Blog
The U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) requested comments related to the interim guidance on state freight plans and state advisory committees. In response to the Notice, the Ports-to-Plains Alliance respectfully submitted these comments.
Interim Guidance on State Freight Plans and State Freight Advisory CommitteesPorts-To-Plains Blog
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Office of the Secretary of Transportation
Interim Guidance on State Freight Plans and State Freight Advisory Committees
Federal Register / Vol. 77, No. 199 / Monday, October 15, 2012 / Notices
Statement on TBD Colorado Recommendations on Transportation
Ports-to-Plains Alliance Northern Working Group Strategic Plan October 2012Ports-To-Plains Blog
Members of the Ports-to-Plains Alliance, organizations and individuals from North Dakota, Montana, Alberta and Saskatchewan met in Regina on October 10 and 11, 2012 to develop a northern plan to enhance the Ports-to-Plains Corridor.
3.0 Project 2_ Developing My Brand Identity Kit.pptxtanyjahb
A personal brand exploration presentation summarizes an individual's unique qualities and goals, covering strengths, values, passions, and target audience. It helps individuals understand what makes them stand out, their desired image, and how they aim to achieve it.
RMD24 | Debunking the non-endemic revenue myth Marvin Vacquier Droop | First ...BBPMedia1
Marvin neemt je in deze presentatie mee in de voordelen van non-endemic advertising op retail media netwerken. Hij brengt ook de uitdagingen in beeld die de markt op dit moment heeft op het gebied van retail media voor niet-leveranciers.
Retail media wordt gezien als het nieuwe advertising-medium en ook mediabureaus richten massaal retail media-afdelingen op. Merken die niet in de betreffende winkel liggen staan ook nog niet in de rij om op de retail media netwerken te adverteren. Marvin belicht de uitdagingen die er zijn om echt aansluiting te vinden op die markt van non-endemic advertising.
India Orthopedic Devices Market: Unlocking Growth Secrets, Trends and Develop...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, “India Orthopedic Devices Market -Industry Size, Share, Trends, Competition Forecast & Opportunities, 2030”, the India Orthopedic Devices Market stood at USD 1,280.54 Million in 2024 and is anticipated to grow with a CAGR of 7.84% in the forecast period, 2026-2030F. The India Orthopedic Devices Market is being driven by several factors. The most prominent ones include an increase in the elderly population, who are more prone to orthopedic conditions such as osteoporosis and arthritis. Moreover, the rise in sports injuries and road accidents are also contributing to the demand for orthopedic devices. Advances in technology and the introduction of innovative implants and prosthetics have further propelled the market growth. Additionally, government initiatives aimed at improving healthcare infrastructure and the increasing prevalence of lifestyle diseases have led to an upward trend in orthopedic surgeries, thereby fueling the market demand for these devices.
The world of search engine optimization (SEO) is buzzing with discussions after Google confirmed that around 2,500 leaked internal documents related to its Search feature are indeed authentic. The revelation has sparked significant concerns within the SEO community. The leaked documents were initially reported by SEO experts Rand Fishkin and Mike King, igniting widespread analysis and discourse. For More Info:- https://news.arihantwebtech.com/search-disrupted-googles-leaked-documents-rock-the-seo-world/
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey throu...dylandmeas
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey through Full Sail University. Below, you’ll find a collection of my work showcasing my skills and expertise in digital marketing, event planning, and media production.
What are the main advantages of using HR recruiter services.pdfHumanResourceDimensi1
HR recruiter services offer top talents to companies according to their specific needs. They handle all recruitment tasks from job posting to onboarding and help companies concentrate on their business growth. With their expertise and years of experience, they streamline the hiring process and save time and resources for the company.
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
Premium MEAN Stack Development Solutions for Modern BusinessesSynapseIndia
Stay ahead of the curve with our premium MEAN Stack Development Solutions. Our expert developers utilize MongoDB, Express.js, AngularJS, and Node.js to create modern and responsive web applications. Trust us for cutting-edge solutions that drive your business growth and success.
Know more: https://www.synapseindia.com/technology/mean-stack-development-company.html
As a business owner in Delaware, staying on top of your tax obligations is paramount, especially with the annual deadline for Delaware Franchise Tax looming on March 1. One such obligation is the annual Delaware Franchise Tax, which serves as a crucial requirement for maintaining your company’s legal standing within the state. While the prospect of handling tax matters may seem daunting, rest assured that the process can be straightforward with the right guidance. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll walk you through the steps of filing your Delaware Franchise Tax and provide insights to help you navigate the process effectively.
Accpac to QuickBooks Conversion Navigating the Transition with Online Account...PaulBryant58
This article provides a comprehensive guide on how to
effectively manage the convert Accpac to QuickBooks , with a particular focus on utilizing online accounting services to streamline the process.
[Note: This is a partial preview. To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
Sustainability has become an increasingly critical topic as the world recognizes the need to protect our planet and its resources for future generations. Sustainability means meeting our current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs. It involves long-term planning and consideration of the consequences of our actions. The goal is to create strategies that ensure the long-term viability of People, Planet, and Profit.
Leading companies such as Nike, Toyota, and Siemens are prioritizing sustainable innovation in their business models, setting an example for others to follow. In this Sustainability training presentation, you will learn key concepts, principles, and practices of sustainability applicable across industries. This training aims to create awareness and educate employees, senior executives, consultants, and other key stakeholders, including investors, policymakers, and supply chain partners, on the importance and implementation of sustainability.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Develop a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental principles and concepts that form the foundation of sustainability within corporate environments.
2. Explore the sustainability implementation model, focusing on effective measures and reporting strategies to track and communicate sustainability efforts.
3. Identify and define best practices and critical success factors essential for achieving sustainability goals within organizations.
CONTENTS
1. Introduction and Key Concepts of Sustainability
2. Principles and Practices of Sustainability
3. Measures and Reporting in Sustainability
4. Sustainability Implementation & Best Practices
To download the complete presentation, visit: https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations
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RMD24 | Retail media: hoe zet je dit in als je geen AH of Unilever bent? Heid...BBPMedia1
Grote partijen zijn al een tijdje onderweg met retail media. Ondertussen worden in dit domein ook de kansen zichtbaar voor andere spelers in de markt. Maar met die kansen ontstaan ook vragen: Zelf retail media worden of erop adverteren? In welke fase van de funnel past het en hoe integreer je het in een mediaplan? Wat is nu precies het verschil met marketplaces en Programmatic ads? In dit half uur beslechten we de dilemma's en krijg je antwoorden op wanneer het voor jou tijd is om de volgende stap te zetten.
2. Today TransCanada is:
The largest natural gas transmission company in North America
The second largest natural gas storage operator
The largest private sector power company in Canada and
We are poised to become a significant player in oil transmission
Our scale and scope gives us a real competitive advantage in each business
2
3. This map highlights the markets that Keystone will serve
When completed it will provide additional access to PADD II and either directly
or through inter-connecting pipelines provide access to the largest refining
market in North America, the US. Gulf Coast.
The U.S Gulf coast has over 4.0 million Bbl/d of refining capacity, with 1.7
million Bbl/d of that capacity capable of refining heavy oil.
US Gulf Coast refiners have been concerned about a shrinking supply of heavy
crude from traditional sources such as Mexico and Venezuela.
Keystone will provide direct access to a secure source of Canadian crude
The Bakken Formation is the fastest growing U.S. oil play with production
expected to increase 200,000 Bbl/d by 2015 and 500,000+ Bbl/d by 2020
Cushing Crude Oil Storage Hub is the largest in North America with over 47
million barrels of storage. Existing exit pipeline capacity is constrained
• Open seasons currently underway (Sept to Nov)
• Receipts of up to 100,000Bbl/d (Bakken) and 150,000Bbl/d (Cushing)
• Facilities to cost $140 million (Bakken) and $70 million (Cushing)
• Provides access capacity on Keystone Gulf Coast Expansion
3
5. I would like to start today by reinforcing the key benefits of the Keystone XL pipeline:
Energy Security:
•Keystone XL could directly offset 900,000 bpd that the U.S. currently imports from Venezuela
(data from US DOE EIA)
•Keystone XL could offset 20% of current imports from OPEC (~4.5 million bpd – data from US
DOE EIA)
Industry:
•Delivery of growing U.S. crude oil from the Bakken Oil Play to U.S. markets
• A report by the Energy Policy Research Foundation, Inc. found that increasing
transportation efficiency and allowing Bakken producers access to new refining markets will
have the added benefit of improving the well-head value for U.S. crude oil from the Bakken
formation
•Delivery of Cdn crude oil to vital U.S. markets that are currently underserved by Canada
Additional permanent economic benefits “because of the savings stemming from a more reliable
supply of oil to meet future needs”
EPRINC went on to say Keystone XL benefits U.S. refineries by supplying them with an efficient,
secure supply of oil to support the 14 million barrels that are refined each day (10 million
imported), and increasing operating margins for these American refineries - many of whom made
expensive upgrades in complex facilities that need heavy oil.
EPRINC's report found that increasing transportation efficiency and allowing Bakken producers
access to new refining markets will have the added benefit of improving the well-head value for
U.S. crude oil from the Bakken formation.
Sources: Perryman report, Energy Policy Research Foundation, Inc. (EPRINC).
4
6. Economic:
• 20,000 direct construction related jobs
• Indirect impact includes >118,000 construction related jobs (person years of employment)
• >$20 billion in spending (includes indirect economic activity)
Taxes:
• US$600 million in government revenue during construction
• US$5.2 billion - cumulative property taxes paid during operational life of the pipeline
Additional permanent economic benefits “because of the savings stemming from a more reliable
supply of oil to meet future needs”
Project Labor Agreements reached with 5 Unions for a significant portion of US construction:
• Laborers International Union of North America
• International Brotherhood of Teamsters
• United Association of Journeymen and Apprentices of the Plumbing and Pipefitting
Industry of the United States and Canada
• AFL-CIO
• The International Union of Operating Engineers and the Pipeline Contractors Association
• Pipeline Contractors Association.
5
8. Based on 2009 US crude oil imports (Source EIA)
Assumes $80 per barrel minus $20 per barrel costs for netback of $60 per barrel
Reasons for Country Inclusion:
•Venezuela: Hostility towards US
•Iraq: Politically unstable
•Nigeria: Corruption and Political Instability
•Algeria/Libya: Government instability
•Russia: Light corruption, still adapting to market freedom
7
9. China accounts for 40%, India for 10%, and the Middle East for 16% of
projected liquids consumption growth
8
11. Total GHG emissions from the oil sands industry are equivalent to just 0.1 per cent of global GHG
emissions. For comparative purposes:
• Mined oil sands represent about 0.007 to 0.016 per cent of Canada’s boreal forest.
• Mineable oil sands constitute about 0.09 to 0.16 per cent of the boreal forest.
• Forest fires on average impact annually about 56 times as much land as the area that
has so far been affected by the mined oil sands.
• In Ontario, boreal forests flooded for clean hydro power represent an area 18 times the
size of the mined oil sands.
Between 80 to 95 per cent of the water in major oil sands projects is recycled and re-used, including
water from tailings ponds.
10
10
15. According to a report by Cambridge Energy Research Associates (“Growth in the Canadian Oil Sands:
Finding the New Balance”), the United States consumes crude oils with a wide range of lifecycle GHG
emissions, some with emissions higher than those from the oil sands.
Oil sands crude is 5 – 15 per cent more GHG-intensive than the US average on a well-to-wheel, or
lifecycle basis.
The oil sands producers have made progress in improving their per barrel environmental impact:
• Air: Oil sands GHG emissions per barrel have decreased by 33% since 1990
• Water: 80% of the water used in a mature oil sands mine is recycled; 90% of water used in in-situ
production is recycled; these recycling rates are 85% better than in 1973
• Land: 1821 parcels of land were reclaimed to the point that they were certified or released in 2008; up
from 1005 in 2007
80% of emissions from crude oil are released from the tailpipe, regardless of their source. The well-to-
wheels difference in emissions between oil sands crude and other sources are less than 10%.
*Assumes 55 percent of exports to the US are dilbit blends and 45 percent are SCO (source: NEB 2009 oil sands exports). This is a best
estimate and not a precise number, as there are many types of blends and qualities of SCO that are exported.
**Steam injection is used for production.
***Assumes SOR of 3.35.
12 percent loss of volume upgrading bitumen to SCO.
All SAGD crude production cases assume a steam-oil ratio of 3.
All oil sands cases marked "Dilbit", assume that the diluent is consumed in the refinery, with no recycle of diluents back to Alberta, and only
70 percent of the barrel is from oil sands.
All oil sands cases marked "Bitumen" assume that the diluent is recycled back to Alberta, and all of the barrel processed at the refinery is
from oil sands
Well to Pump Well to Wheels % dif from "Avg. US Crude Consumed"
Cdn. Oil Sands: SAGD SCO 170.6 554.6 14%
Cdn. Oil Sands: SAGD Bitumen 161.6 545.6 12%
Cdn. Oil Sands: Mining SCO 134.6 518.6 6%
Cdn. Oil Sands: SAGD Dilbit 127.6 511.6 5%
Cdn. Oil Sands: Mining Bitumen 125.6 509.6 5%
Cdn. Oil Sands: Mining Dilbit 103.6 487.6 0%
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17. "An LCFS implemented in the U.S. results in a notable increase in greenhouse gas emissions due to
the displacement of Canadian crude imports to the U.S. and re-routing of crude imports and exports
to accommodate this displacement. … Nearby Canadian crude sources would be diverted to regions
not affected by LCFS and replaced with supplies from distant parts of the world."
The net effect will be a doubling of GHG [greenhouse gas] emissions associated with changes in
crude-transport patterns. It indicates an increase in global GHG emissions by 7.1 to 19.0 million
metric tons per year, depending on the extent of resulting Canadian crude displacement."
The Crude Shuffle report used an “average” VLCC tanker capacity of 2 million barrels. Utilizing that
assumption, the 1.1 million barrels/day of crude associated with Keystone and XL would require 200
tankers/year for transport.
(Average VLCC tanker capacity:2million barrels, Keystone + XL Capacity:1.1million barrels/day =
401.5million barrels/year or 200.75Average VLCC tankers/year
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18. Keystone does not threaten the viability of the Ogallala Aquifer
The Keystone XL pipeline would cross the Ogallala Aquifer for some 250 miles. To help put this
number in perspective, there are currently almost 21,000 miles of pipelines crossing Nebraska,
including almost 3,000 miles of hazardous liquid pipelines. Many miles of these pipelines co-exist
with the Ogallala Aquifer.
In addition, natural oil deposits are also co–located with the Ogallala Aquifer. Seventeen Nebraska
counties produce oil on top of this vast water resource. Oil is also produced on top of the Ogallala
Aquifer in other states.
Keystone XL will use the latest satellite-linked, computerized leak detection and control systems. We
monitor the pipeline 24/7, and if there’s ever a problem the flow can be stopped literally at the push of
a button
Sandhills - The Sand Hills are an extensive and biologically significant ecoregion encompassing
approximately 23,000 square miles in South Dakota and Nebraska. Soils are typically sandy and
fragile, forming blowouts and bare dunes where vegetation is not properly managed
To help us better understand this special environment, during project scoping, TransCanada engaged
in discussions with several regional experts on Sand Hills ecology and restoration at universities and
government agencies, including experts at the University of Nebraska, the University of South
Dakota, the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) and state road departments.
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