This document provides an overview of key concepts related to waves and oscillation. It defines equilibrium as a physical state where opposing forces are balanced. Simple harmonic motion is described as periodic motion about a point of equilibrium. Oscillation is defined as a repetitive variation between two or more different states about equilibrium. Examples of oscillators and simple harmonic oscillators are given. The document then discusses three types of waves - mechanical, electromagnetic, and matter waves - and defines transverse and longitudinal waves. Key concepts such as force, friction, inertia, elasticity, amplitude, frequency, displacement, and compression are also defined.