Kevin Sara CEO of Nur Energie is presenting TuNur solar energy project - at the Arab Renewal Conference in Paris. The TuNur project will produce low carbon solar thermal power in Tunisia to export to European countries. This project has for aim to provide electricity from Africa to Europe from the sun instead of oil and gas. For more details go to http://www.nurenergie.com/index.php/english/projects/tunisia

1. Concentrated Solar Power
(CSP) in the Arab World
Kevin Sara
CEO TuNur Ltd, Tunisia

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WHAT IS CSP?
Concentrated Solar Power is Thermal Energy Generation from the Sun
• CSP concentrates the sun’s radiation and uses it to heat a transfer fluid (water, molten
salt or oil) to very high temperatures above 550 oC
• The heat transfer fluid is then flowing through a heat exchanger to generate superheated
steam at high pressures which will expand in a steam turbine to generate electricity
Simple Design, Well Known Materials
• A CSP plant consists of a solar field (field of mirrors and tower with receiver on top) and a
power block (storage tanks, heat exchanger, turbine, generator, condenser, pumps)
• With molten salt storage, the profile of the electricity generation can be similar to that of
fossil fuel and nuclear power plants

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HOW CSP WORKS?
Receiver
Solar field
Storage tanks
Heat exchanger Turbine + Generator

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BENEFITS OF CSP
CSP is the cheapest renewable energy technology that can integrate storage into the
system.
• With storage, CSP can generate ‘dispatchable’ power – meaning that a CSP plant can
operate as base load or semi-base load power to meet customers’ needs
• Unlike the intermittent nature of Wind or solar PV energy production profile
Other benefits include:
• With air cooling, CSP requires very little water and has smaller environmental impact
compared to other technologies
• Maturing technology but ample room for cost reductions
• CSP supports sustainable development through local integration, manufacturing and
technology innovation

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COST OF CSP
The cost of CSP technology is falling rapidly
• Technological developments, economies of
scale and use of local supply chains are
pushing costs down
• In Morocco costs declined from $193/MWh in
2012 to $160/MWh in 2014
• CSP cost reductions expected to be in the
region of 60 to 75% from 2012 levels in areas
of high solar resources
CSP is one of the few renewable technologies
that can eventually compete with fossil fuels
and nuclear power

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CSP IN THE ARAB WORLD
Why is CSP important to the Arab World?
• Solar resource is super-abundant in many Arab countries.
• CSP technology can be manufactured locally, using existing supply chains.
• As a technology which has not yet reached maturity, local R&D can make significant
contributions
• CSP can be an important vector for foreign direct investment and drive exports of
electricity and technology.
• Increase energy security by reducing reliance on subsidized domestic fossil fuels and
imports
• New source of revenues from taxes, fees from land use, etc.

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THE ROLE OF CSP IN THE ARAB WORLD
CSP has the potential to be one of the main sources of energy for Arab nations
• Arab nations are currently experiencing:
• Rapidly growing energy demand
• Finite fossil fuel resources
• High cost of domestic fuel subsidies
• Fluctuating global oil prices
• Arab nations present an excellent environment for CSP development:
• High solar radiation levels and land availability allowing for highly efficient
production at lower costs
• Young, educated and growing workforce
We expect CSP to experience significant growth in the MENA markets as countries
look for alternative sources of energy to sustainably meet growing demand.

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IMPORTANCE OF CSP FOR EUROPE
• In Europe there is:
• Lack of low carbon base-load power
• Growing intermittency due to the huge increase of Solar PV and Wind power
• New emission standards and new renewable energy targets
• 50 GW of old inefficient coal and oil-fired power plants scheduled for
decommissioning
• Nuclear phase out or freeze programs, from countries such as Germany,
Switzerland and France
• However Europe does not have optimum solar resource and land availability to make CSP
efficient and at scale. But Europe can benefit from its proximity to North Africa….
Importing CSP energy from MENA region could play an important role in decarbonizing
Europe's grid, meeting energy demand and reducing the need for fossil fuels and new
nuclear power plants.

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The TuNur project is an utility scale solar export project
linking North Africa to Europe.
The project consists of three parts;
1. Solar power generation using CSP tower technology in
the Tunisian Sahara desert;
2. Dedicated High Voltage transmission from the power
plant to the European grid;
3. Distribution of the 9,000 GWh of dispatchable
renewable power to 2.5m European homes across
Europe at prices comparable to other low carbon
sources such as off-wind or new nuclear power plants.
TUNUR PROJECT

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TUNUR – BENEFITS FOR TUNISIA AND ARAB WORLD
The TuNur project will contribute significantly to socio-
economic development of Tunisia and the region
• Up to 60% of the project costs will be locally sourced with
the participation of existing Tunisian industrial companies
and service providers
• The project is expected to create over 15,000 long term
direct and indirect jobs in Tunisia and the region
• Technology transfer and local R&D will contribute to the
building of a local supply chain for CSP with export
potential to the rest of the MENA region and beyond
• The Tunisia government will earn revenues from taxes and
fees for land use and rights of way; a percentage of the
generated power will be available for domestic
consumption as required

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Currently there is a combined total of 3540 MW of CSP projects in development, in construction or
operational phase in the Arab World.
Many Arab countries are already implementing large solar energy programmes with a total of over 60GW in
countries like Saudi Arabia and Morocco. Many Arab companies are already becoming world leaders in the industry.
THE ARAB WORLD, GLOBAL CENTRE FOR CSP
Masdar, UAE • Masdar Institute is a global leader in sustainable energy R&D
• Global investor and developer in large clean energy projects
• Shams 1, 100 MW parabolic trough plant in UAE
Moroccan Agency for Solar Energy
(MASEN)
• Established to lead Moroccan solar target of 2000MW by 2020
• Global leader in implementing and development of solar power plan
ACWA power, Saudi Arabia • Leading developer owner and operator of Solar power plants
• Winning bidder for Noor I, II, & III in Ouarzazate, Morocco
TuNur – True North South
Partnership, Tunisia
• 50% of TuNur owned by Tunisian and Maltese shareholders

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EUROPEAN GOVERNMENTS COULD DO MORE!
European countries can benefit from imported solar from North Africa to meet nuclear
and fossil fuel replacement goals and overcome the problem of intermittent renewables.
Benefits of imported CSP:
1. Provide European countries with a non-intermittent renewable power source.
2. Enable governments to meet 2020 and 2030 renewable energy targets
3. Replace high carbon emitting coal and oil power plants
4. Replacement for base-load nuclear power
5. Reduce dependence on import fossil fuels including gas.
Policy Action required
• European governments could open markets (FIT regimes) to imports. Current policy
discriminates against imported renewable energy, these protectionist barriers should
be removed.
• European governments facilitate the transport of base-load renewable energy across
European borders to facilitate import projects.

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Tunur Ltd (Tunis Office) Nur Energie Ltd (London Office)
Immeuble Eya, 25 North Row
Rue Ile de Djerba, London
Les Berges du Lac 2 W1K 6DJ
1053, Tunis, Tunisie United Kingdom
W: www.tunur.tn W: www.nurenergie.com
Contact
Kevin Sara
CEO Nur Energie Ltd, Chairman TuNur Ltd
E: ks@nurenergie.com
M: 0044 780 234 4488
T: 0044 203 691 6388
Thank you
Merci
‫شكرا‬