This is a powerpoint presentation on the epidermal keratinization and its associated disorders, presented by Dr. Jerriton, Dermatology resident of SVMCH, Pondicherry.
This is a powerpoint presentation on the epidermal keratinization and its associated disorders, presented by Dr. Jerriton, Dermatology resident of SVMCH, Pondicherry.
Definition, development, function & Site-specific of Melanocyte Definition, formation & function of Melanosomes, Definition & function of Melanin
Melanogenesis
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Definition, development, function & Site-specific of Melanocyte Definition, formation & function of Melanosomes, Definition & function of Melanin
Melanogenesis
Subspecialty of dermatology and pathology focused on performing and interpreting tests on human tissue samples to provide scientific data and consultative opinions to referring clinicians
Keratinized tissue, also known as keratinized mucosa, refers to the band of tissue surrounding your teeth at the point where they meet the gums. The word "keratinized" is used to describe cells that produce large amounts of a protein called keratin, making them strong and better at forming barriers. Local irritation interferes with keratinization, and healthy gingiva is more keratinized than diseased, irritated gingiva. Nonepithelial cells are also present in the oral gingival epithelium. These include melanocytes, and Langerhans cells in the stratum spinosum. In the oral cavity, keratinized mucosa is found in the gingiva and palate mucosa, whereas the non-keratinized mucosa is found in the buccal mucosa.
Structural complexity and regional variability of oral mucosa poses a challenge to its proper understanding.
But it is must to understand the morphology, histology and physiology
Many systemic diseases, cause characteristic change in the oral mucosa and careful examination can help in early diagnosis.
connective tissue contains cells, fibers and ground substance. cells include fibroblasts, undifferentiated mesenchymal cells, adipocytes and pigment cells also wandering cells. fibers include collagen, elastic, and reticular fibers.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
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Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
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Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
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10. Epidermal Cell Kinetics:
• Epidermal turnover time- 52-75 days.
• Depends upon: 1.Cell cycle time (50-457 hrs)
2.Growth fraction
Interphase
DNA synthesis
Pre Mitotic
11. Cell cycle measurement parameters:
• Mitotic Index: % of cells in mitosis at any point
• Labelling Index:
% of cells in S phase(DNA synthesis) at any
time.
17. Epidermal Differentiation:
• Involves :
• Formation of keratin.
• Aggregation of keratin filaments.
• Formation of lipid barrier.
• Formation of a cornified envelope.
• Loss of integrin expression.
• Intercellular junctional interactions.
18. KERATIN
• The intermediate filament of keratinocytes.
• Structural integrity to the cell.
• 30% Protein of basal cells
• 85% Protein of corneocytes.
• Molecular wt 40-70 kDa.
19. Keratin:Types
• Type I Keratin
• Larger
• Basic
• Chr 12q
• K1-K8 in epidermis
• Hb1-Hb6 in hair follicle
• Type II Keratin
–Smaller
–Acidic
–Chr 17q
– K9-K20 in epidermis
–Ha1-Ha8 in hair
follicle
24. Formation of cornified envelope:
• 20nm thick highly insoluble cell envelope deep to
plasma membrane.
• Contains large no. of glutamyl lysine isodipeptide
bonds formed by TRANSGLUTAMINASES.
30. • In keratigenous zone the cells of hair follicle
begin to cornify.
• At this level Henle’s layer has a blue grey
colour because it has lost all trichohyaline
granules.
• Huxley’s layer maintain its trichohyaline
granules.
31. • ISTHMUS: Cornified inner sheath get
detached from outer sheath and isthmic
epithelium cornifies producing thin layer of
compactly arranged eosinophilic corneocytes.
• INFUNDIBULUM: Epithelium of hair follicle is
similar to epidermis.
32. KERATINISATION OF NAIL
• COMPONENTS OF NAIL
• Nail matrix
• Nail bed
• Nail plate
• Cuticle
• Lunula
33. • Nail matrix produces major part of nail plate
through onychokeratinisation
• Occures by accretion of tonofilaments without
formation of intervening keratohyaline
granules.
34. Nail differentiation
• Nail keratinocytes – interdigitations in electron
dense interfilamentous matrix.
• Keratins – K6b/K17
• Hair and nail keratins do not desquamate.
35. Disorders of keratinization
• Icthyotic disorders
Ichthyosis vulgaris – or absent fillagrin
Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis – mutation in gene
fork1/k10.
• Psoriatic disorders(Disorder of cell mediated immunity)
Hyperkeratosis – parakeratosis
37. In a nutshell….
• Keratinization is a process in which
keratinocytes detach from the basal lamina
& move towards the skin surface.
• Epidermal stem cells by symmetrical/asymmetrical
division causes epidermopoiesis, + by EGF & TGF𝛼
- by TGF 𝛽, 𝐼𝐹𝑁𝑠
• Keratin is the intermediate filament – Types I & II
• Keratin filaments are aggregated by filaggrin in
keratohyaline granules.
38. In a nutshell….
• Lipids stored in odland bodies by
exocytosis forms the lipid barrier of skin.
• Corneocytes develop a highly insoluble
envelope by crosslinking Involucrins & Plakins
with the help of Transglutaminases.
• Hair & Nail are formed of hard keratin with high
sulphur content & they do not desquamate.