Prasar Bharati is India's largest public broadcasting agency. It is a statutory autonomous body set up by an Act of Parliament and comprises the Doordarshan Television Network and All India Radio, which were earlier media units of the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting.
PRINT JOURNALISM II- REWRITING OF A NEWS STORYTrinity Dwarka
PRINT JOURNALISM II- REWRITING OF A NEWS STORY
PURPOSE OF REWRITING
Clarity
Readability
Uniformity
NEED OF REWRITING
WHY DO WE REWRITE
EDITING AND REWRITING
Prasar Bharati is India's largest public broadcasting agency. It is a statutory autonomous body set up by an Act of Parliament and comprises the Doordarshan Television Network and All India Radio, which were earlier media units of the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting.
PRINT JOURNALISM II- REWRITING OF A NEWS STORYTrinity Dwarka
PRINT JOURNALISM II- REWRITING OF A NEWS STORY
PURPOSE OF REWRITING
Clarity
Readability
Uniformity
NEED OF REWRITING
WHY DO WE REWRITE
EDITING AND REWRITING
It describes communication practices from the beginning of human civilization to the pre-independence era in India. Also highlighted vernacular press in India.
The different ownership patterns in Media includes Individual ownership, Corporation ownership, partnership ownership, group/chain ownership, employee ownership and vertical ownership etc.
The news agencies, also known as wire services, are among the most powerful and trusted names in news business. Some of them like Reuters have been in existence since the nineteenth century.
However, few are aware of their reach or existence. They do not own physical properties such as newspapers or television channels. But they generate news for all forms of media. Their subscribers include newspapers, magazines, radio stations, television networks and now news sites.
It describes communication practices from the beginning of human civilization to the pre-independence era in India. Also highlighted vernacular press in India.
The different ownership patterns in Media includes Individual ownership, Corporation ownership, partnership ownership, group/chain ownership, employee ownership and vertical ownership etc.
The news agencies, also known as wire services, are among the most powerful and trusted names in news business. Some of them like Reuters have been in existence since the nineteenth century.
However, few are aware of their reach or existence. They do not own physical properties such as newspapers or television channels. But they generate news for all forms of media. Their subscribers include newspapers, magazines, radio stations, television networks and now news sites.
INDIAN NEWSPAPERS UNDER BRITISH ADMINISTRATION.pptxRitesh Chaudhary
In the later period, more newspaper and journals were launched such as the Bengal Journal, the Bombay Herald, The Calcutta Chronicle and General Advertiser and Madras Courier.
The British administrators are often credited for introducing the "independent journalism" (English press) in the subcontinent. During the period, the press became an instrumental for leaders, activists and the government itself. James Augustus Hicky, also referred to as "father of Indian press", a British citizen known for introducing first newspaper during the reign, and hence India's press foundation was originally led by the British administration despite the self-censorship by the imperialism.[3][4] Hicky wrote articles independently on corruption and other scandals without naming the officials. To avoid lawsuits, he used multiple nicknames while referring to the authorities throughout his articles.[5] In 1807, Hicky's Bengal Gazette was seized by the authorities for publishing anti-government articles.[2]
Short history & growth of newspapersAmrit Dhakal
The Roman Empire published Acta Diurna ("Daily Acts"), or government announcement bulletins, around 59 BC, as ordered by Julius Caesar. In China, early government-produced news sheets, called tipao, were commonly used among court officials during the late Han dynasty (2nd and 3rd centuries AD).
About Role of Press in Society through the perspective of Communication Media, Mass Media towards Media and society.
Effect and Impact of Press on Society bodies and Communities.
Value of Press as a Media from independence movement till todays virtual society.
Scope and Limitations of Press.
How and Why Press still breathes in todays fast and online society who prefers e-newspapers.
This slideshow gives information about very first newspaper of different countries and of different languages. It also provide brief history of early newspaper and how newspaper got started in the first place.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
2. History ofKannada Journalism:
• The pioneers of Kannada journalism were
the Christian missionaries.
• The first Kannada newspaper - Mangaloora
Samachara -fortnightly, was published in
Mangalore in 1843.
• Edited and published by Rev. Herman
Moegling of the Basel Mission. to propagate
Christianity, government circulars and
notifications and also published news of
importance and of local interest.
• Was shifted to Bellary- Kannada
Samachara.
• But it did not live long.
3. Kannada weekly
• The first Kannada weekly Subudhi Prakash, brought out in Belgaum in
1849.
• Mysore Vrittanta Bodhini, a weekly appeared in Mysore in 1859
• Editor Bhasyam Tirumalacharya
• It was patronised by the Maharaja of Mysore and carried news of
government activities.
• It lasted till 1864.
• The Mysore Government published an Anglo-Kannada weekly, Mysore
Gazette, in 1866. L. Rickett was its first editor.
• published government notifications and circulars, other news and views
and even criticism of government policy.
4. first Kannada daily
• The first Kannada daily, Suryodaya Prakashika,
• published in Bangalore in 1888
• by B. Narasinga Rao.
• changed into a weekly for financial reason
5. Modern Kannada Journalism
• M. Venkatakrishnaiah (1844-1933)- the father of Kannada journalism
• He brought out his weekly, Vrittanta Chintamani, in 1885, in Mysore.
• He laid the foundation for modern Kanada journalism.
• He had a reformer’s zeal. He fought the government with his pen and he was a
hero to his readers. He was a member of the Mysore Representative Assembly
and a philanthropist. He started educational institutions, hostels and orphanages
and made a donation to the University of Mysore to be used to give a prize to the
best student in journalism.
• Venkatakrishnshniah started more than 10 newspapers in Kannada and English.
Sampadabhyudaya, a daily (1912), Sadhwi, a weekly.
• Two journalists trained by him, M. Gopala lyengar and M. Srinlvasa Lyengar,
started Kannada Nadegannadi in Bangalore in 1895.
6. MysoreNewspaper Regulation Act, 1908
• Mysore Government enacted the Mysore Newspaper Regulation Act
• Required permission of the government to publish a newspaper.
• A victim of the Act was the editor of Kannada Nadegannadi who was
deported from the state.
• Sharathi, a nationalist daily started in 1907, was shut down.
Venkatakrishnaiah protested against the press regulation and closed
down his newspapers as a gesture of solidarity.
• The Press Act was modified during the regime of Dewan
Visveswarayya and Venkatakrishnaiah resumed publication of his
papers.
7. Between 1880 and 1908,
• A number of Kannada newspapers appeared.
• Kannada Kesari (Hubli, 1888),
• Vokkligara Patrika (Bangalore, 1907)
• Arthasadhaka Patrika (1914).
• Women journalists made their entry into the profession
• T. Sanjeevamma (Shagyodaya 1914, Shimoga)
• Tirumalamma (Karnataka Nandini, 1916, Mysore).
8. Early 20th Century
D. V. Gundappa
• D. V. Gundappa, a scholar in Sanskrit, Kannada, Telugu, Tamil and
English.
• He started a Kannada daily. Samachar Sangraha, in Bangalore in 1907.
• It was followed by a weekly, Sumati (1909).
• Another weekly, Karnataka, lived for 14 years.
• The language used by Gundappa was scholarly. However, it exercised
great influence on the public and administration.
9. Early 20th Century
Bal Gangadhar Tilak
• Bal Gangadhar Tilak exercised great influence on the Kannada press in
the first two decades of the 20th Century, especially in Kannada-
speaking area of the Bombay Presidency.
• Kannada journalists who were influenced by Tilak :
Alur Venkat Rao, who founded Jayakarnataka in 1922,
Hardekar Manjappa -Dhanurdhari carried translation of Tilak’s articles in
Kesari,
Sitarama Sastri started Veerakesari.
Alur Venkat Rao was one of the earliest writers to plead for unification of
Karnataka.
10. Other newspapers
contributed to the political
movement• Chandrodaya (1913),
• Karmaveera, (1921),
• Sachitra Bharata (1913),
• K. Vasudevacharya’s Shubhodaya (1917), and VIjaya (1921).
• All the papers were published from Dharwar.
• Kannadiga (1925), published from Bagalkot, was also a politically
influential paper.
11. In 1921, Supression
• Tirumala Tatacharya Sharma started Viswa Karnataka, -played role in
promoting the national cause
• Sharma launched a crusade for freedom, made great sacrifices,
suffered imprisonment and refused to submit to the dictates of the
government.
• The paper was suppressed in 1929 by the state government for its
reports of riots in Bangalore.
• On the occasion, editors of two other papers, Sitaram Sastri of
Veerakesari and Aswathanarayan Rao of Navjeevana, were
prosecuted for sedition and sent to jail.
• Viswakarnataka, which had a different editor and management, in
1942, played a significant role during the Quit India Movement. It
was again suppressed in 1944 for an alleged seditious editorial and
an open letter to the Viceroy. It was revived in 1945.
12. In 1926 - Tainadu
• Nationalist newspaper Tainadu, founded in 1926 in Mysore by P. R.
Ramaiya (1894-1970),
• started as a weekly, converted into a daily in 1929.
• It fought hard for responsible government in the state and the
national cause.
• Ramaiya and P. H. Srinivas, who became its editor later, courted
imprisonment in 1943.
• Tainadu celebrated its silver jubilee in 1952.
13. 1929- Freedom movementin North Karnataka
• Samyukta Karnataka, published from Hubli, was in the forerunner of the
freedom movement in north Karnataka.
• started as a weekly in Belgaum in 1929, became daily in 1933.
• It became a byword in Karnataka journalism and its most famous editor
was H. R. Mohray.
• Mohray came from a family of journalists and connected with Karnataka
Vaibhavak,- the oldest Kannada weeklies in Bijapur
• Mohray, in the post-Independence period became a national figure, being
president of the Indian and Eastern Newspaper Society and a director of
the Press Trust of India, was editor of Samyukta Karnataka for over 25
years.
• He made the paper the authentic voice of the leaders of the freedom
struggle and it enjoyed immense popularity in north Karnataka.
14. B. N. Gupta,
• B. N. Gupta, an enterprising journalist, started many journals during
the freedom movement.
• He started Prajamata, a weekly,
• Gupta started a daily, Janvani in 1934 to promote the national cause
15. Kannada daily in Mangalore:
1941
• There was no Kannada daily in Mangalore until 1941 although it was
the birthplace of a number of weeklies.
• The daily, Navabharata, which appeared in 1941 under the
editorship of V. S. Kudva is still going strong today.
• The Udayavani of Manipal (1970) and its sister illustrated weekly
Taranga (1983) are also popular.
16. Prajavani-1948
• The most widely circulated Kannada daily by early 2014 was
Prajavani.
• It was founded by K. N. Guruswamy in 1948 in Bangalore.
• It was published as a sister paper of Deccan Herald.
• B. Puttaswamiah was its first editor.
• Prajavanl has a history of being a politically independent newspaper;
it is known for espousing the causes of Dalits, encouraging women’s
empowerment and taking pro-poor positions on economic issues.
17. 1980
• Kannada Prabha of The Indian Express group was brought out in
1957 with N. S. Sitarama Sastri as editor.
• Other newspapers which have earned a name after 1980 are
• Lakwani, Bangalore (1974),
• Vishala Karnaataka, Hubli (1947),
• Janamitra, Chikmagalur (1969) and
• Nadoja, Belgaum (1974).
• Prapancha, an influential weekly in Hubli was published in 1954 by
Path Puttappa who was also its editor.
18. 1984,
• Towards the end of 1984, there were 687 newspapers in Kannada,
including 93 dailies. The total circulation of newspapers was 2155000.
603 newspapers were published from Karnataka and the rest from
Maharashtra, Goa, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Three of the eight big
dailies had a circulation of more than a lakh. Prajavani was the largest
circulated daily and Sudha the largest circulated weekly.
19. By 2007-08,
• 2610 publications, including 493 daily and 573 weekly newspapers.
• According to the figures released by IRS (Indian Readership survey),
the top five most read Kannada daily papers were:
• Vijay Karnataka (average issue readership: 34.25 lakh),
• Prajavani (29.10 lakh),
• Samyukta Karnataka (11.31 lakh),
• Kannada Prabha (11.15 lakh),
• Udayavani (8.90 lakh).
• Today, there are over 4211 registered publications in Kannada.