K12020 VARUN O.P.C. PPT
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This document discusses several basic quality tools used in the food industry, including fishbone diagrams, histograms, Pareto analysis, flowcharts, scatter plots, run charts, and control charts. It provides examples and step-by-step explanations of how to create and use fishbone diagrams and histograms. Fishbone diagrams map out processes and problems to identify root causes, while histograms graphically represent grouped data using bars. The document also briefly mentions Kaoru Ishikawa and his role in making statistical analysis more accessible and understandable through visual aids.
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http://research.sabanciuniv.edu.
2012 e4
This document summarizes a model developed by suppliers to monitor retailers' stocking efforts using only shipment and sales data. The model distinguishes between store stockouts (zero inventory in the store) and shelf stockouts (empty shelf but inventory elsewhere), identifying the root cause. The model was applied to data from a frozen vegetable supplier and national grocery chain. It found wide variation in stockout rates between stores, with two stores over 10% compared to under 6% for most. Over 95% of stockouts were shelf stockouts. The model identifies stores and products with stocking issues and estimates sales losses from stockouts of 60-80% on average.
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Brs3e online only-ch12
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K12020 VARUN O.P.C. PPT
- 1. CAREER POINT UNIVE MAJOR ASSIGNMENT Basic Quality Tool in Indian Food Industry
- 2. Fishbone Diagrams Histograms Pareto Analysis Flowcharts Scatter Plots Run Charts Control Charts
- 3. Kaoru Ishikawa Known for “Democratizing Statistics” The Basic Seven Tools made statistical analysis less complicated for the average person Good Visual Aids make statistical and quality control more comprehendible.
- 4. Fishbone Diagrams No statistics involved Maps out a process/problem Makes improvement easier Looks like a “Fish Skeleton”
- 5. Step 1 - Identify the Problem Step 2 - Draw “spine” and “bones” Example: High Inventory Shrinkage at local Drug Store Shrinkage
- 6. Step 3 - Identify different areas where problems may arise from Ex. : High Inventory Shrinkage at local Drug Store Shrinkage employees shoplifters
- 7. Step 4 - Identify what these specific causes could be Ex. : High Inventory Shrinkage at local Drug Store Shrinkage shoplifters Anti-theft tags poorly designed Expensive merchandise out in the open No security/ surveillance
- 8. Ex. : High Inventory Shrinkage at local Drug Store Shrinkage shoplifters Anti-theft tags poorly designed Expensive merchandise out in the open No security/ surveillance employees attitude new trainee training benefits practices
- 9. Step 5 – Use the finished diagram to brainstorm solutions to the main problems.
- 10. Histograms Bar chart Used to graphically represent groups of data
- 11. 14 june 2013M.S.Ramaiah School Of Advance Studies 11 62 November 2005 Journal of Food Distribution Research 36(3) to the marketing company, to the wholesaler, or directly to the stores. In the future, direct deliveries to the stores will be more common and the use of electronic data interchange will increase. Wholesaler (Figure 2). Retail stores order products automatically from a large wholesaler that orders them from the contract manufacturer. It takes a week to fill the order
- 12. 14 june 2013M.S.Ramaiah School Of Advance Studies 12 64 November 2005 Journal of Food Distribution Research 36(3) seems to be unnecessary inventories, especially for raw-material inventories, which was also noticed when the stock turnover was examined. The stock of raw materials turned over on average three times a year, while the end-product inventory turned over almost 28 times.
- 13. 14 june 2013M.S.Ramaiah School Of Advance Studies 13 Lehtinen and Torkko The Lean Concept in the Food Industry: A Case Study of a Contract Manufacturer 65 tion starts. Demand-Amplification Mapping.
Editor's Notes
- “Democratizing Statistics” refers to the will of Ishikawa to spread Quality control throughout the workplace. The desire to make Quality control comprehendible for all of the workers.
- Also known as Ishikawa Diagrams and Cause and Effect Diagrams. By mapping out a company’s problem, new thoughts and ideas can arise to better the situation. Sheds light on situations. Diagrams begin with the problem to be solved in a rectangle.
- For the example Diagram, inventory shrinkage was used. This is a measure of the shoplifted, stolen, or broken goods at a store. This is placed in a rectangle at the “head” of the fish.
- Here “employees” and “shoplifters” were used as categories that problems may have come from. In other examples, it is acceptable to use Machines, Materials, Methods, and People as general categories(These are from Foster, see bibliography). These should encompass all aspects of the business.
- The brainstorming process should continue until every angle is covered. Keeping asking for examples until no more exist. According to Foster, 5 causes should be enough for most categories.
- With the completion of the diagram, several points have been made about inventory shrinkage’s possible sources. These may or may not have been obvious to management before this brainstorming process occurred.
- At this time, you can go back to the previous slide and brainstorm with the class about solutions to these problems, or other causes. This is the utility of the Cause-and-Effect Diagram. Moving expensive merchandise behind the counters and educating employees to their perks may be some solutions to this problem.
- Histograms are used to show the different frequencies in a process. It is useful for identifying trends and relationships that can lead to quality improvements.