This document provides an overview of Jordan's power system and renewable energy plans. It discusses Jordan's generation capacity, fuel sources, expansion plans, and targets to increase the share of renewable energy to 10% by 2020 through developing 1200 MW of wind power and 600 MW of solar power. It also outlines challenges for renewable energy integration such as high capital costs, lower capacity factors than conventional sources, and environmental limitations. The document presents Jordan's strategy to diversify energy sources and reduce dependence on imported fuels through energy efficiency and domestic resource utilization.
This document summarizes Palestine's draft National Energy Efficiency Action Plan. It includes targets and measures to improve energy efficiency in various sectors from 2013 to 2020. The targets include reducing electricity consumption intensity and achieving a 5% reduction in total electricity consumption. Key measures focus on energy audits in industries, replacing incandescent bulbs with CFLs in buildings, and rehabilitating transmission and distribution networks to reduce losses. The document provides details on individual initiatives, stakeholders, costs, funding sources, and monitoring for each measure.
Small Pv Integration On Distribution Pv America 2011 04 04 2011forrestsmall
Integrating PV on Distribution systems is increasing dramatically. Recent studies show that high penetrations of up to 30% distributed PV may not exceed voltage limits or cause other adverse distribution effects as previously thought. Smart grid technologies could help accommodate higher levels of distributed PV by facilitating communications and enabling demand response and energy storage to provide grid benefits by compensating for PV variability.
Doe 1 dollar per watt roadmap dpw lushetskychandyGhosh
The document summarizes a presentation by John Lushetsky from the Department of Energy's Solar Energy Technologies Program on reaching the goal of $1 per watt electricity from solar. It discusses progress in reducing costs for both crystalline silicon and cadmium telluride solar modules. Achieving costs below $0.50 per watt will require innovations across the entire solar photovoltaic supply chain, including in materials, manufacturing, and balance of system costs like installation. Even with major cost reductions, solar energy costs are projected to remain above average wholesale electricity prices in the United States without policy support.
The document discusses the key aspects of the Electric Power Industry Reform Act (EPIRA) of the Philippines including restructuring of the electricity industry through privatization and introducing competition and open access. It provides an overview of the country's primary energy mix, power generation mix, and peak demand by grid. It also briefly discusses the Energy Regulatory Commission's role in regulating generation charges and reviewing power purchase agreements to ensure least cost supply of electricity.
Wind Force Newsletter May, Edition, 2012rupeshsingh_1
The document discusses various policy developments and regulatory orders related to wind and renewable energy in India:
1) State electricity regulators in Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka announced increased retail tariffs for FY2012-13 which will make third party sale of wind power and open access more attractive.
2) The Ministry of Power is examining legislative and policy changes to accelerate renewable energy development including long term renewable purchase obligations.
3) Electricity regulators issued orders determining pooled power purchase costs, transmission charges, and renewable energy tariffs for FY2012-13.
4) Regulators also announced renewable purchase obligations for utilities, open access consumers, and captive power producers aimed at promoting renewable energy.
Wind energy projects integration in electricity grids portugal and med tso e...RCREEE
This document summarizes José Medeiros Pinto's presentation on experiences with wind farm projects in Portugal and the Mediterranean region. The presentation covers topics such as renewable energy figures in Mediterranean countries, Portugal's ranking for wind energy production, details of Portugal's electric system including growth of wind and hydro power, and planning and operational issues related to integrating renewable energy sources. Case studies are provided on methods for integrating renewable energy in Portugal and an example wind tender process. Risks associated with renewable energy forecasting and system management are also listed.
Borusan EnBW Enerji is a joint venture between Turkish company Borusan Holding and German company EnBW. The JV was formed in 2009 with the goal of developing 2000 MW of installed renewable energy capacity, mostly wind, by 2020. Currently the JV has 611 MW of projects in its portfolio. Turkey has seen increasing wind energy capacity over the years, reaching 1,329 MW installed by the end of 2010, but still has a long way to go to meet its 2023 target of 20 GW of wind capacity. The new feed-in tariff introduced in Turkey in 2010 provides incentives for wind energy but is still not high enough to be truly attractive compared to day-ahead electricity prices. Recommendations
This document summarizes Germany's targets and progress towards increasing the use of renewable energies. It outlines Germany's goals of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 40% by 2020, 55% by 2030, 70% by 2040, and 80-95% by 2050 compared to 1990 levels. Germany also aims to increase the share of renewables in electricity consumption to 35% by 2020, 50% by 2030, and 80% by 2050. The document discusses the development and growth of renewable electricity generation in Germany since the early 1990s, driven by policy support. It highlights ongoing efforts to advance renewables through research funding and cooperation with Turkey.
This document summarizes Palestine's draft National Energy Efficiency Action Plan. It includes targets and measures to improve energy efficiency in various sectors from 2013 to 2020. The targets include reducing electricity consumption intensity and achieving a 5% reduction in total electricity consumption. Key measures focus on energy audits in industries, replacing incandescent bulbs with CFLs in buildings, and rehabilitating transmission and distribution networks to reduce losses. The document provides details on individual initiatives, stakeholders, costs, funding sources, and monitoring for each measure.
Small Pv Integration On Distribution Pv America 2011 04 04 2011forrestsmall
Integrating PV on Distribution systems is increasing dramatically. Recent studies show that high penetrations of up to 30% distributed PV may not exceed voltage limits or cause other adverse distribution effects as previously thought. Smart grid technologies could help accommodate higher levels of distributed PV by facilitating communications and enabling demand response and energy storage to provide grid benefits by compensating for PV variability.
Doe 1 dollar per watt roadmap dpw lushetskychandyGhosh
The document summarizes a presentation by John Lushetsky from the Department of Energy's Solar Energy Technologies Program on reaching the goal of $1 per watt electricity from solar. It discusses progress in reducing costs for both crystalline silicon and cadmium telluride solar modules. Achieving costs below $0.50 per watt will require innovations across the entire solar photovoltaic supply chain, including in materials, manufacturing, and balance of system costs like installation. Even with major cost reductions, solar energy costs are projected to remain above average wholesale electricity prices in the United States without policy support.
The document discusses the key aspects of the Electric Power Industry Reform Act (EPIRA) of the Philippines including restructuring of the electricity industry through privatization and introducing competition and open access. It provides an overview of the country's primary energy mix, power generation mix, and peak demand by grid. It also briefly discusses the Energy Regulatory Commission's role in regulating generation charges and reviewing power purchase agreements to ensure least cost supply of electricity.
Wind Force Newsletter May, Edition, 2012rupeshsingh_1
The document discusses various policy developments and regulatory orders related to wind and renewable energy in India:
1) State electricity regulators in Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka announced increased retail tariffs for FY2012-13 which will make third party sale of wind power and open access more attractive.
2) The Ministry of Power is examining legislative and policy changes to accelerate renewable energy development including long term renewable purchase obligations.
3) Electricity regulators issued orders determining pooled power purchase costs, transmission charges, and renewable energy tariffs for FY2012-13.
4) Regulators also announced renewable purchase obligations for utilities, open access consumers, and captive power producers aimed at promoting renewable energy.
Wind energy projects integration in electricity grids portugal and med tso e...RCREEE
This document summarizes José Medeiros Pinto's presentation on experiences with wind farm projects in Portugal and the Mediterranean region. The presentation covers topics such as renewable energy figures in Mediterranean countries, Portugal's ranking for wind energy production, details of Portugal's electric system including growth of wind and hydro power, and planning and operational issues related to integrating renewable energy sources. Case studies are provided on methods for integrating renewable energy in Portugal and an example wind tender process. Risks associated with renewable energy forecasting and system management are also listed.
Borusan EnBW Enerji is a joint venture between Turkish company Borusan Holding and German company EnBW. The JV was formed in 2009 with the goal of developing 2000 MW of installed renewable energy capacity, mostly wind, by 2020. Currently the JV has 611 MW of projects in its portfolio. Turkey has seen increasing wind energy capacity over the years, reaching 1,329 MW installed by the end of 2010, but still has a long way to go to meet its 2023 target of 20 GW of wind capacity. The new feed-in tariff introduced in Turkey in 2010 provides incentives for wind energy but is still not high enough to be truly attractive compared to day-ahead electricity prices. Recommendations
This document summarizes Germany's targets and progress towards increasing the use of renewable energies. It outlines Germany's goals of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 40% by 2020, 55% by 2030, 70% by 2040, and 80-95% by 2050 compared to 1990 levels. Germany also aims to increase the share of renewables in electricity consumption to 35% by 2020, 50% by 2030, and 80% by 2050. The document discusses the development and growth of renewable electricity generation in Germany since the early 1990s, driven by policy support. It highlights ongoing efforts to advance renewables through research funding and cooperation with Turkey.
The document provides an overview of the evolution of the Philippine power market under the Electric Power Industry Reform Act (EPIRA) of 2001. It discusses the key reforms introduced by EPIRA including the unbundling of the generation, transmission, and distribution sectors. It outlines the creation of the Wholesale Electricity Spot Market (WESM) and describes the buyers in the market including captive and contestable customers. The document also provides illustrations of the Luzon and Visayas grids as well as generation costs for different technologies.
Government action to incentivise energy efficiency and deliver deregulationCeramics 2011
The document summarizes recent UK government actions to incentivize energy efficiency and reduce carbon emissions through regulations and initiatives. It outlines the government's commitment to legally binding carbon budgets and greenhouse gas emission reduction targets. It then describes several key policies and programs to encourage energy efficiency among businesses and industry, including the Climate Change Levy, Climate Change Agreements, EU Emissions Trading System, and CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme. The document also discusses proposed regulatory simplification efforts and outlines new initiatives like the Renewable Heat Incentive to support energy intensive industries like ceramics.
Wind Force Newsletter Dec, Edition, 2011rupeshsingh_1
The document provides a summary of recent developments in India's wind and renewable energy sectors. Key points include:
- The Tamil Nadu and Rajasthan electricity regulators have extended existing wind power tariffs.
- TNEB has proposed increasing electricity tariffs for industrial consumers in Tamil Nadu.
- TANGEDCO submitted a proposal to overcome power shortages in Tamil Nadu, including utilizing more wind power and establishing new transmission infrastructure.
- Upcoming events include the Wind IPP Summit in January and the publication of CERC's draft tariff regulations for 2012-17, which aim to promote renewable energy projects.
E. Larsen, "Efficient integration of EVs with wind power production," in Effi...Eamon Keane
The document discusses efficient integration of electric vehicles (EVs) with wind power production in Denmark. It describes how wind power production is increasing in Denmark and the consequences, including rising reserve requirements and heavy loads on transmission lines connecting Denmark to neighboring countries. The document proposes that EVs can act as a suitable storage solution to help integrate more wind power by exporting excess wind power production through controlled vehicle-to-grid systems and providing power reserves to help balance the grid.
The document discusses challenges in balancing electricity supply and demand in the UK grid as the generation mix shifts to lower carbon sources. It notes that while the system is capable of meeting challenges up to 2020, significant uncertainty exists beyond then as different types of intermittent generation and loads come online in different locations. This will stress networks and balancing operations. A whole systems approach is needed to address risks through tools like increased interconnection, electricity storage, and demand side response. Government must consider actions to ensure a secure, affordable and efficient transition of the electricity system to a low carbon future.
South Africa solar power programmes – Ed Hill – Specialised Solar SystemsIIED
Presentation by Ed Hill of Specialised Solar Systems at the CHOICES project community energy workshops in Somerset East, Pearston and Cookhouse communities, Blue Crane Route Municipality in South Africa’s Eastern Cape, held in February and March 2013.
The presentation describes South Africa’s solar power programmes and policies.
More information about Specialised Solar Systems: http://www.specializedsolarsystems.co.za/
Further details of the CHOICES project: http://www.iied.org/choices-community-energy-project-south-africa
This document discusses a flexible plug and play approach to connecting renewable generation to electricity networks in a cheaper and faster manner. It proposes using active network management technologies to address constraints and maximize network capacity, enabling non-firm connections and quicker connection agreements. A trial project in the UK's east of England aims to connect up to 250MW of wind generation across 12 sites using this new framework and strategic investment modeling approach.
This document provides a summary of South Africa's first Energy Efficiency Strategy. It aims to minimize energy usage and its impacts on health and the environment through efficient practices. The strategy sets a national target to improve energy efficiency by 12% by 2014. It will be implemented across all energy-using sectors through plans that promote economic and legislative incentives, efficiency standards and labels, energy audits, and public awareness campaigns. The strategy establishes governance structures to coordinate energy efficiency activities and monitor progress towards targets.
This document is the Republic Act No 9136, also known as the Electric Power Industry Reform Act of 2001. It establishes policies for restructuring the electric power industry in the Philippines, including total electrification of the country, ensuring affordable and reliable electricity supply, and enhancing private sector participation and competition through privatization and regulatory reforms. It defines key terms, establishes the framework for transitioning to a competitive structure, and assigns roles and responsibilities to government agencies and private entities in the reformed industry.
GC energy & environmental newsletter April 2012generalcarbon
The Perform-Achieve-Trade (PAT) scheme was launched by the Bureau of Energy Efficiency to improve energy efficiency in large industries, with 478 companies designated to reduce energy consumption by certain percentages between 2012-2015; accelerated depreciation benefits for wind power projects were removed, which could impact investment; and lower emissions in the EU may reduce demand and prices for carbon credits if no market interventions occur.
Cabinet Report - Creation of a Peterborough Domestic Energy Supply Tariffs John Harrison
This document recommends that the City Council enter into a strategic partnership with OVO Energy to develop cheaper domestic energy supply tariffs for residents of Peterborough. It would establish Peterborough as one of the first local authorities in the UK to create an exclusive local energy tariff. OVO has consistently offered competitive prices and high levels of customer satisfaction. Under the agreement, OVO would develop a bespoke tariff for Peterborough residents that is expected to be the cheapest available nationally for pre-payment meters and among the lowest prices for dual fuel and electricity supply more broadly. The partnership aims to help address fuel poverty and support the Council's goal of becoming an environmental capital.
Wind Force Newsletter March 2012 Editionrupeshsingh_1
The document discusses various policies and regulatory developments related to wind power projects in India. Some key points discussed include the MERC draft order setting tariffs for wind power projects in Maharashtra for FY2012-13, MSEDCL regulations regarding open access and banking for renewable power projects, CERC's new regulations for tariff determination of renewable energy sources, and updates regarding various state distribution companies and regulatory commissions.
Are Mobile Communications safe?
“Insufficiently protective of public health” Inter Ministerial Committee of India (Dec 2010)
“Harmful to human health and environment” Council of Europe (May 2011)
“Possibly carcinogenic” WHO (May 2011)
“Carbon emission of 12 million tons” Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (Feb 2011)
Green Mobile Communications is a solution to the above concerns with a proof-of-concept pilot at Auroville.
This document discusses how wind energy can help Europe address its energy challenges and turn energy into a competitive advantage. Wind power production in Europe is increasing and can meet up to 20% of electricity demand without technical issues. With the right policies and investment, wind energy could supply 14-17% of Europe's electricity by 2020, up from around 5% today. Wind energy provides a stable, indigenous source that can help improve Europe's energy security and meet climate goals in a cost-effective way. Europe has a competitive advantage in wind power technology and the sector can provide economic and employment benefits if supported properly.
Can Balkan authorities afford to subsidise renewable energy?Atanas Georgiev
In 2009, 62% of newly installed electricity generation capacity in the EU was from renewable sources, mainly wind and solar (a total of 17 GW). Wind-focused companies experienced more challenging environment; solar- focused companies appear to have turned the corner.
Unwiring the Planet:: Wireless Communications & Climate Change3GDR
This document summarizes a presentation given at an ITU symposium on ICTs and climate change. It discusses the environmental impacts of mobile communications, including their contribution to CO2 emissions globally and in the UK. It also outlines opportunities to reduce impacts through improved technology, renewable energy use, and reducing charger waste. Potential environmental benefits of mobile communications through applications that reduce travel are also noted.
After 10 years of implementing the Electric Power Industry Reform Act (EPIRA) of 2001:
1) Power rates have more than doubled, with residential electricity prices rising 112.5% and NAPOCOR generation charges jumping 95%. EPIRA led to privatization that benefited private corporations over consumers.
2) Energy security remains precarious as the country relies on private investors and IPPs to build power capacity only when profitable, threatening an adequate supply. The 2010 power shortage in Mindanao illustrates this risk.
3) NAPOCOR remains deeply in debt despite paying billions to service obligations, as EPIRA legitimized passing on costs of inefficient contracts to consumers through rate adjustments like the
Joannes De Wilde - Fiber for a greener futureShane Mitchell
FTTH networks provide environmental benefits by enabling teleworking, telemedicine, and reducing transportation needs. A study found that the environmental impacts of deploying an FTTH network are offset by these benefits within 10 years. While deployment has the largest carbon footprint, operational energy usage only accounts for 6% of impacts. FTTH networks support sustainable development by powering telecommunications solutions that improve quality of life while lowering environmental impacts.
1) Large wind power is used for grid connections and industrial applications while small wind is used for local buildings, mobile towers, and individual homes.
2) India has potential for 48GW of wind power but has only harnessed 11GW so far. There are over 13 small wind turbine manufacturers in India.
3) A 10kW wind-solar hybrid system can provide enough power for 150 CFL bulbs, 30 fans, and 20 appliances, generating 46kWh per day. However, such small systems are currently not bankable for lending due to high upfront costs.
Learn all about the Dead Sea, where it's located, its history and the benefits of the minerals for skin's health.Visit Jericho Skincare for products from the Dead Sea http://www.jerichoskincare.com/
The Dead Sea is located between Israel and Jordan. It is actually a salt lake over 3 million years old, not a sea. It has extremely high salt content of 33% that prevents any marine life from surviving, except tiny bacteria near freshwater springs. Due to high evaporation and low water inflow, the Dead Sea has become increasingly salty over time.
The document provides an overview of the evolution of the Philippine power market under the Electric Power Industry Reform Act (EPIRA) of 2001. It discusses the key reforms introduced by EPIRA including the unbundling of the generation, transmission, and distribution sectors. It outlines the creation of the Wholesale Electricity Spot Market (WESM) and describes the buyers in the market including captive and contestable customers. The document also provides illustrations of the Luzon and Visayas grids as well as generation costs for different technologies.
Government action to incentivise energy efficiency and deliver deregulationCeramics 2011
The document summarizes recent UK government actions to incentivize energy efficiency and reduce carbon emissions through regulations and initiatives. It outlines the government's commitment to legally binding carbon budgets and greenhouse gas emission reduction targets. It then describes several key policies and programs to encourage energy efficiency among businesses and industry, including the Climate Change Levy, Climate Change Agreements, EU Emissions Trading System, and CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme. The document also discusses proposed regulatory simplification efforts and outlines new initiatives like the Renewable Heat Incentive to support energy intensive industries like ceramics.
Wind Force Newsletter Dec, Edition, 2011rupeshsingh_1
The document provides a summary of recent developments in India's wind and renewable energy sectors. Key points include:
- The Tamil Nadu and Rajasthan electricity regulators have extended existing wind power tariffs.
- TNEB has proposed increasing electricity tariffs for industrial consumers in Tamil Nadu.
- TANGEDCO submitted a proposal to overcome power shortages in Tamil Nadu, including utilizing more wind power and establishing new transmission infrastructure.
- Upcoming events include the Wind IPP Summit in January and the publication of CERC's draft tariff regulations for 2012-17, which aim to promote renewable energy projects.
E. Larsen, "Efficient integration of EVs with wind power production," in Effi...Eamon Keane
The document discusses efficient integration of electric vehicles (EVs) with wind power production in Denmark. It describes how wind power production is increasing in Denmark and the consequences, including rising reserve requirements and heavy loads on transmission lines connecting Denmark to neighboring countries. The document proposes that EVs can act as a suitable storage solution to help integrate more wind power by exporting excess wind power production through controlled vehicle-to-grid systems and providing power reserves to help balance the grid.
The document discusses challenges in balancing electricity supply and demand in the UK grid as the generation mix shifts to lower carbon sources. It notes that while the system is capable of meeting challenges up to 2020, significant uncertainty exists beyond then as different types of intermittent generation and loads come online in different locations. This will stress networks and balancing operations. A whole systems approach is needed to address risks through tools like increased interconnection, electricity storage, and demand side response. Government must consider actions to ensure a secure, affordable and efficient transition of the electricity system to a low carbon future.
South Africa solar power programmes – Ed Hill – Specialised Solar SystemsIIED
Presentation by Ed Hill of Specialised Solar Systems at the CHOICES project community energy workshops in Somerset East, Pearston and Cookhouse communities, Blue Crane Route Municipality in South Africa’s Eastern Cape, held in February and March 2013.
The presentation describes South Africa’s solar power programmes and policies.
More information about Specialised Solar Systems: http://www.specializedsolarsystems.co.za/
Further details of the CHOICES project: http://www.iied.org/choices-community-energy-project-south-africa
This document discusses a flexible plug and play approach to connecting renewable generation to electricity networks in a cheaper and faster manner. It proposes using active network management technologies to address constraints and maximize network capacity, enabling non-firm connections and quicker connection agreements. A trial project in the UK's east of England aims to connect up to 250MW of wind generation across 12 sites using this new framework and strategic investment modeling approach.
This document provides a summary of South Africa's first Energy Efficiency Strategy. It aims to minimize energy usage and its impacts on health and the environment through efficient practices. The strategy sets a national target to improve energy efficiency by 12% by 2014. It will be implemented across all energy-using sectors through plans that promote economic and legislative incentives, efficiency standards and labels, energy audits, and public awareness campaigns. The strategy establishes governance structures to coordinate energy efficiency activities and monitor progress towards targets.
This document is the Republic Act No 9136, also known as the Electric Power Industry Reform Act of 2001. It establishes policies for restructuring the electric power industry in the Philippines, including total electrification of the country, ensuring affordable and reliable electricity supply, and enhancing private sector participation and competition through privatization and regulatory reforms. It defines key terms, establishes the framework for transitioning to a competitive structure, and assigns roles and responsibilities to government agencies and private entities in the reformed industry.
GC energy & environmental newsletter April 2012generalcarbon
The Perform-Achieve-Trade (PAT) scheme was launched by the Bureau of Energy Efficiency to improve energy efficiency in large industries, with 478 companies designated to reduce energy consumption by certain percentages between 2012-2015; accelerated depreciation benefits for wind power projects were removed, which could impact investment; and lower emissions in the EU may reduce demand and prices for carbon credits if no market interventions occur.
Cabinet Report - Creation of a Peterborough Domestic Energy Supply Tariffs John Harrison
This document recommends that the City Council enter into a strategic partnership with OVO Energy to develop cheaper domestic energy supply tariffs for residents of Peterborough. It would establish Peterborough as one of the first local authorities in the UK to create an exclusive local energy tariff. OVO has consistently offered competitive prices and high levels of customer satisfaction. Under the agreement, OVO would develop a bespoke tariff for Peterborough residents that is expected to be the cheapest available nationally for pre-payment meters and among the lowest prices for dual fuel and electricity supply more broadly. The partnership aims to help address fuel poverty and support the Council's goal of becoming an environmental capital.
Wind Force Newsletter March 2012 Editionrupeshsingh_1
The document discusses various policies and regulatory developments related to wind power projects in India. Some key points discussed include the MERC draft order setting tariffs for wind power projects in Maharashtra for FY2012-13, MSEDCL regulations regarding open access and banking for renewable power projects, CERC's new regulations for tariff determination of renewable energy sources, and updates regarding various state distribution companies and regulatory commissions.
Are Mobile Communications safe?
“Insufficiently protective of public health” Inter Ministerial Committee of India (Dec 2010)
“Harmful to human health and environment” Council of Europe (May 2011)
“Possibly carcinogenic” WHO (May 2011)
“Carbon emission of 12 million tons” Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (Feb 2011)
Green Mobile Communications is a solution to the above concerns with a proof-of-concept pilot at Auroville.
This document discusses how wind energy can help Europe address its energy challenges and turn energy into a competitive advantage. Wind power production in Europe is increasing and can meet up to 20% of electricity demand without technical issues. With the right policies and investment, wind energy could supply 14-17% of Europe's electricity by 2020, up from around 5% today. Wind energy provides a stable, indigenous source that can help improve Europe's energy security and meet climate goals in a cost-effective way. Europe has a competitive advantage in wind power technology and the sector can provide economic and employment benefits if supported properly.
Can Balkan authorities afford to subsidise renewable energy?Atanas Georgiev
In 2009, 62% of newly installed electricity generation capacity in the EU was from renewable sources, mainly wind and solar (a total of 17 GW). Wind-focused companies experienced more challenging environment; solar- focused companies appear to have turned the corner.
Unwiring the Planet:: Wireless Communications & Climate Change3GDR
This document summarizes a presentation given at an ITU symposium on ICTs and climate change. It discusses the environmental impacts of mobile communications, including their contribution to CO2 emissions globally and in the UK. It also outlines opportunities to reduce impacts through improved technology, renewable energy use, and reducing charger waste. Potential environmental benefits of mobile communications through applications that reduce travel are also noted.
After 10 years of implementing the Electric Power Industry Reform Act (EPIRA) of 2001:
1) Power rates have more than doubled, with residential electricity prices rising 112.5% and NAPOCOR generation charges jumping 95%. EPIRA led to privatization that benefited private corporations over consumers.
2) Energy security remains precarious as the country relies on private investors and IPPs to build power capacity only when profitable, threatening an adequate supply. The 2010 power shortage in Mindanao illustrates this risk.
3) NAPOCOR remains deeply in debt despite paying billions to service obligations, as EPIRA legitimized passing on costs of inefficient contracts to consumers through rate adjustments like the
Joannes De Wilde - Fiber for a greener futureShane Mitchell
FTTH networks provide environmental benefits by enabling teleworking, telemedicine, and reducing transportation needs. A study found that the environmental impacts of deploying an FTTH network are offset by these benefits within 10 years. While deployment has the largest carbon footprint, operational energy usage only accounts for 6% of impacts. FTTH networks support sustainable development by powering telecommunications solutions that improve quality of life while lowering environmental impacts.
1) Large wind power is used for grid connections and industrial applications while small wind is used for local buildings, mobile towers, and individual homes.
2) India has potential for 48GW of wind power but has only harnessed 11GW so far. There are over 13 small wind turbine manufacturers in India.
3) A 10kW wind-solar hybrid system can provide enough power for 150 CFL bulbs, 30 fans, and 20 appliances, generating 46kWh per day. However, such small systems are currently not bankable for lending due to high upfront costs.
Learn all about the Dead Sea, where it's located, its history and the benefits of the minerals for skin's health.Visit Jericho Skincare for products from the Dead Sea http://www.jerichoskincare.com/
The Dead Sea is located between Israel and Jordan. It is actually a salt lake over 3 million years old, not a sea. It has extremely high salt content of 33% that prevents any marine life from surviving, except tiny bacteria near freshwater springs. Due to high evaporation and low water inflow, the Dead Sea has become increasingly salty over time.
The Dead Sea is the lowest point on Earth and contains very high salt levels, making it impossible for fish or plants to live there. It is so salty that people float easily in the water. The salt levels remain high because fresh water enters from rivers but hot, dry conditions cause much of the water to quickly evaporate, leaving the salt behind. There is a plan to pipe water from the Red Sea to prevent the Dead Sea from shrinking further due to climate change.
The Dead Sea is located in the Jordan Rift Valley between Israel and Jordan. It is the lowest point on Earth and has extremely high salinity levels due to high evaporation and lack of outflow. Visitors cover themselves in the rich black mud from the Dead Sea, which is believed to have healing properties for skin conditions and is thought to have been used in cosmetics by Cleopatra for its rejuvenating effects.
The Dead Sea is located between Israel, the West Bank, and Jordan. It is the lowest place on earth at over 1,300 feet below sea level. The Dead Sea is drying up due to reduced water flows from the Jordan River and mineral extraction activities, causing its level to drop over 1 meter per year. This is creating environmental, economic, and social problems like thousands of sinkholes developing along its shores. Proposed solutions include a canal to bring water from the Red Sea, but opponents argue this could fundamentally change the Dead Sea's composition.
The Dead Sea is located between Israel and Jordan. It is the lowest point on dry land, over 400 meters below sea level. It is extremely salty, over 8 times saltier than ocean water, due to high evaporation and low outflow. The Dead Sea has historical and religious significance in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam as the area where several biblical cities were destroyed. However, it is shrinking rapidly due to diversion of water for other uses.
Nobin Shakil is giving a presentation about the Dead Sea. The Dead Sea is also known as the Salt Sea, where no animals or living things can survive due to its high salinity. There are two perspectives on the Dead Sea - the scientific view and religious view. Some key facts about the Dead Sea are that its surface is 423 meters below sea level, making it the lowest point on land, it is 377 meters deep making it the deepest hypersaline lake, and it has a salinity of 33.7% making it one of the saltiest bodies of water.
The document provides information about locations near the Dead Sea in Israel, including the Moriah Classic hotel, Ein Gedi oasis, and Qumran caves. It notes that the Dead Sea is the lowest point on earth and its high salt content does not support life in its waters. It has been drying up due to evaporation and mineral extraction. The Qumran caves where the Dead Sea Scrolls were discovered in 1947 are also described.
The document discusses the mineral selenium and its health benefits. It describes selenium as a powerful antioxidant that protects cells from free radicals. It plays a key role in the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase. Selenium has various functions such as preventing cancer, aging, and heart disease. It also protects against heavy metals and may aid fertility, growth, and protein synthesis. Food sources of selenium include Brazil nuts, garlic, and seaweed.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow and levels of neurotransmitters and endorphins which elevate and stabilize mood.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
New Energy Conference-Mohammad Abu Zarour from NEPCOEDAMA
1) Jordan has a population of 6.249 million people and total area of 89,342 square kilometers. Electricity consumption was 2,610 KWH per capita in 2011.
2) The government is working to diversify energy sources and increase renewable energy including solar and wind. New laws allow private renewable energy projects through competitive bidding or direct proposals.
3) Jordan's peak electricity demand was 2,660 megawatts in 2011. The system relies mainly on natural gas and oil for generation. Wind and solar energy capacity is expected to reach 400-700 megawatts and 200-400 megawatts respectively by 2020.
Small hydropower development in nepal iit roorkeeSanjeev Pokhrel
This document provides an overview of small hydropower development in Nepal. It discusses Nepal's energy landscape and reliance on biomass, its hydropower potential of 83,000 MW, and the classification of hydropower projects. The legal and policy environment for hydropower development is also outlined, including the roles of various government agencies and the application process. Challenges to small hydropower development include financing, lack of infrastructure, and power purchase agreements. Rural electrification programs have helped increase energy access, but hydropower remains underdeveloped in Nepal.
The document provides an overview of geothermal energy development in the Philippines. It discusses the country's legal framework for geothermal energy, including provisions in the 1987 Constitution and Presidential Decree 1442. It outlines key features of the Renewable Energy Act of 2008, which declared renewable energy a priority sector. The document also reviews the country's historical geothermal production and capacity, privatization of state geothermal assets, challenges for the industry, and concludes calling for long-term, transparent policies to foster private sector investment in new technologies.
Morocco has excellent wind energy potential along its northern and southern coasts. The country relies heavily on energy imports and aims to produce 18% of its electricity from renewable sources by 2012. Several wind farms have been built through public-private partnerships, with more projects planned that will increase Morocco's wind power capacity to over 1,000 MW by 2012. The Renewable Energy Development Center has worked with German organizations to measure wind resources, train technicians, and help develop Morocco's regulatory framework to support renewable energy development.
Could Texas Become The Largest Solar Opportunity in the World? An Update on t...Rick Borry
Texas is experiencing a “perfect storm” of circumstances, which could lead the state to become the next major solar opportunity on the global stage.
Attend this webinar to hear Texas energy expert and Principal Solar, Inc. board member Ron Seidel provide an overview of the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) Capacity, Demand, and Reserves December 2012 Report. He will explain what is happening in the Texas electricity market today and how this effects the conclusions of his September 2012 Solutions for the Texas Energy Shortage whitepaper (click here for a free whitepaper download) and webinar (click here to view the webinar recording).
Plus, find out how to take advantage of this opportunity in YOUR business during the live Question & Answer session following Ron's presentation.
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Arab Region Progress in Sustainable Energy Challenges and Opportunities
Jordan
1. Pricing Renewable FEED in Tariff design and
structure for wind Farms and
Solar (PV-CSP) plants
23rd – 27th Oct 2011
Prepared by
Hanin Alsouri
Meqdad Qad
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2. Overview
Total area: 89 342 sq. Km
Population: 6.113 M
Sea Port: Aqaba
GDP:
18,762 million JD (MUS$ 26,426)
GDP per Capita:
3,069 JD (US$ 4,320)
GDP Growth:
7% annually (2000-2010)
3. Jordan’s Power System (2010)
Peak Load: 2650 MW
Generated Energy: 14777 GWh
Imported Energy : 670 GWh
Exported Energy : 57 GWh
Installed Capacity: 3148 MW
Transmission Lines Length: 4035 Km.circuit
Main Substations Capacity: 9657 MVA
Electrification Rate: 99.9%
4. Jordan’s Power System
Energy generated by fuel type:
LFO Renewabl
3% 0.5%
Imported
LFO
Electricity
0.4%
4%
Renewable
NG 0.5%
89% Imported NG
Electricity 69% HFO
HFO 3%
24%
8%
2009 2010
6. Generation Expansion Plan
Committed Expansion Plan
Year Project ]Capacity [MW
2011 IPP2(ST) 132
End of 2013 Samra III(ST) 140
2013 IPP4 250
2014 IPP3 350
7. Energy Policy:
Ensuring security of supply of all energy forms.
Diversification of energy sources.
Enhancing the efforts to utilize the local energy
resources.
Increasing the share of the renewable energy in the
total mix of primary energy.
8. Electricity Sector in Jordan
Ministry of Energy &
Policy Maker Mineral Resources
Electricity Regulatory
Observer & Regulator & licenser Commission
CEGCO
Generation &
Power SEPGCO
Producers AES JORDAN (IPP1) + QEPC (IPP2)
Interconnection
Transmission owner &
System Operator NEPCO
JEPCO
IDECO
Distribution
EDCO
9. Single Buyer Model
Generation Electrical
IPPs
Companies Interconnection
NEPCO
Transmission Network + System Operator
+ Bulk Supplier
Distribution
Principal
Companies
Consumers
Consumers
10. PV Applications in Jordan
More than 100 PV systems were
installed in Jordan since 1985
Water Pumping
Communications
Police Stations
11. PV Applications in Jordan
More than 100 PV systems were
installed in Jordan since 1985
Water Pumping
Police Stations
Communications
Schools
Teachers Residences
Clinics
Mosques
Others
TOTAL 500 KWp
12. Electricity Generation by Wind Energy
Al-Ibrahimiah wind farm- 320 Hofa wind farm 1.125 MW,
kW, established in 1987 established in 1996
13. Wind Data Base
Ibrahimya 1
Ibrahimya 2
Hofa • 34 Stations
Kamsha Al-Reesheh • Wind speed is measured at
Jubeiha different heights
Fakoe (10,40 m)
Zabda (10,40,50 m)
Tafila
(30,45 m)
Fujaij 1 (22,40,60 m)
Fujaij 2
Ar-Rajef Fujaij 3
(10,24 m)
Fujaij 4
Aqaba 1 Fujaij 5
Aqaba 2
Aqaba 3
14. Biogas Energy
• The total installed capacity used biogas for electricity
generation is about 4 MW at Russifa biogas project.
• The future plans are to expand the biogas utilization
for power generation purposes such that the installed
capacity reaches 20 MW by the year 2020.
16. Jordan Renewable policy targets
• 2007 Energy Strategy, has set ambitious goals for the
development of RE:
• By the year 2020, the share of RE in primary energy
supply is to increase from the current 1% to 10%.
– wind power (installation of about 1200 MW),
– solar power (600 MW) and
– waste/energy (30-50MW).
17. National Energy Strategy
• Diversify our energy resources
• Reduce dependence on imported energy The strategy
aims to reduce dependence on imported energy from
96% in 2007 to 75% in 2015, and 61% in 2020 through:
– Energy conservation and awareness. Studies indicate
that Jordan is capable of reducing 20% of its energy
consumption via energy conservation
– Expand on renewable energy projects (wind , solar,
biofuels- 10% by 2020)
– Utilize domestic resources (oil shale, natural gas, etc.)
18. Renewable Energy & EE Law
• The Law was Approved in Feb, 2010
– Allowing the government to establish companies for
implementing RE project with the participation of the
private sector
– The mechanism of dealing with any proposal submitted
to the government by the private sector
– Awarding special certificate by the government to RE
project
– Electric tariff for RE projects
19. Renewable Energy Law / Energy
Efficiency Fund…(Financing)
– Incentives (Tax and custom duty and land
leasing breaks )
– A fund to be known as (Renewable Energy and
Energy Efficiency Fund) A fund which will be
used for “supporting” renewable energy and
energy conservation projects.
– The Fund shall enjoy all exemptions and facilities
provided for Ministries and government
departments.
- Global Environmental Facility GEF
20. Economic Indicators:
• 1800 MW RE mix in 2020 as considered in
Government policy fits with the potential analysis
and with the Network capacity limits.
• Indicative prices range are different following
different technologies. Within each technology
Prices are most sensitive to Capacity Factor and
Investment Cost, and financial variables.
23. Renewable Energy Strategy
Wind Energy
2020 1200 MW
Solar Energy
2020 600 MW
Total Renewable Energy Sources Capacity up to year 2020:
1800 MW ( 10% of total Energy)
29. Uranium:
Jordan has an estimation of 80,000 tones of
uranium deposits plus 100,000 tones in its
phosphate reserves. Jordan has taken
practical steps to start extraction of uranium
deposits.
Jordan has signed in February 2008 an
agreement with AREVA (a French company)
to start extraction of uranium in a specified
location in the central part of Jordan.
30. Oil Shale
Oil shale in Jordan is available in big
quantities in Jordan. These
quantities are estimated at about (40)
billion tons.
Major deposits are located in the
central part of Jordan
The negotiation with EESTI
ENERGIA to build an Oil Shale
Power Plant (OSPP) using direct
burning technology with a proposed
capacity up to 900 MW is still going
on
The OSPP is expected to be in
operation by the end of year 2016.
31. Challenges against RE
RE may located far from the existing grid,
interconnecting a renewable energy resource
to the grid could trigger the need for tens of
millions .
RETs have high capital investment costs
compared with conventional technologies.
RE have very low capacity factor comparing
with conventional technologies
Non confirmed capacity to the network
therefore we cannot consider in our
generation plan.
32. Challenges against RE
Environmental Limitation
• Wind:
1-Noise level of wind energy is very high
2- bird migration
3- one MW of wind energy need 10,000 square
meter
• Solar:
1- Dust :Low efficiency and added cost cause of
dust .
2- One MW of P.V energy need 25,000 square
meter