Diseases like rabies, HIV/AIDS, and parasites afflict many people in parts of Africa like Mauritania, Mali, and Burkina Faso. There are often no effective drugs available to treat these illnesses, and sick people can spread infections through blood and bodily fluids. Maternal health is also a major issue across Africa due to shortages of trained midwives and modern equipment and medications in under-resourced hospitals that can be distant from rural communities. High birth rates exacerbated by limited access to family planning education further contribute to health problems on the continent.