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- 1. Comparison for Causes of Cancer and Treatment on an International Level Daniel Le UNMC College of Pharmacy
- 2. Data of Low and Middle Income Countries • Very limited amount of population are covered by cancer registries • Harder to access the area for studies so it reduces the data
- 3. Infectious Disease • Infectious disease is common due to poor living conditions • Infection will causes more co-morbid diseases • Mask cancer • Makes cancer harder to treat
- 4. Infectious Disease takes priority • In some countries Infectious disease is the worse problem • Limited Resources, and therefore goes to curing infection • Worry more about clean water and living situations
- 5. Type of Cancer by region • Oral cancer = South Central Asia • Liver cancer = Sub-Saharan Africa • Bladder cancer = Northern Africa and Western Asia • Stomach cancer = South America
- 6. Reasons of Variations • Environmental factors • Racial/ethnic factors • Genetics • Diet • Geographical factors, – Green Spaces – Fresh Air – Toxic exposures
- 7. Nutrition • More Western Diet • More fats in food • Increase in obesity, diabetes, heart disease, and cancer • Over half of the cancer around the world are link to high fat foods and smoking
- 8. Nutrition Education • Increase fruits and vegetables • Reduces animal foods • Limit alcohol • Limit smoking • Reduces the amount of sodium in diet
- 9. Risk factor in Low Income Countries • Lifestyle: such as smoking • Occupation are usually more dangerous, radiation exposure, pollution in water • Pollution in the air
- 10. Challenges • Harder to find hospital that will do diagnostic testing • Supplies for treatment and prevention harder to find in rural areas • Education rates are lower • Information about the harm of smoking is limited • Vaccines are not administered at young age
- 11. Vaccines • Childhood vaccines of Hepatitis B can prevent liver cancer • HPV vaccinations can prevent cervical cancer • Influenza vaccines can help prevent flu, which might mask cancer signs
- 12. Lack of Training • Many third world countries have smaller amounts of doctor and nurses to population ratio • Many doctors do not specialize in oncology
- 13. Lack of Resources • Few Surgeons that are train in cancer surgery • Many countries cannot afford radiation supply and equipment • Fewer choices of chemo drugs
- 14. Government • With limited budget government cannot help much • Healthcare is only a portion of what the government can use money for
- 15. How Can We Help? • Inform low income countries the danger of cancer • How they are at a disadvantage for adequate treatment • Look into changing priority and how it can
- 16. More Help • Look into charity, perhaps public health assistance • Look at solutions that can be meet the demand but does not take up much opportunity cost • Create immunization center
- 17. Resources • Global Health Education Organization • World Health Organization • International Network For Cancer Treatment
Editor's Notes
- Page 49
- Say “ I will also explain what causes these variation and why some cancer are more common” than another “
- Pg 17
- Pg, 14, 54
- Pg 54
- Pg 50
- INCTR pg 5
- Who inctr.org article pg 4