The Jim Crow Era spanned from 1876 to 1965 in the United States. After the end of Reconstruction in 1877 and the withdrawal of federal troops from the South, Southern states imposed Jim Crow laws to legislate racial segregation and disenfranchise African Americans. During this time, African Americans faced widespread discrimination in areas like jobs, housing, education, and legal rights. In response, some African Americans migrated north in the Great Migration from 1910 to 1930 to escape harsh racial conditions and seek better employment opportunities in northern and midwestern cities, though they still faced discrimination there as well.

1. The Jim Crow Era
END OF RECONSTRUCTION – GREAT MIGRATION

2. USII.4c & 6b Vocabulary
•Jim Crow Laws •The Atlanta Compromise
•Segregation •W.E.B. DuBois
•Discriminate/Discrimination •Niagara Movement
•Booker T. Washington •Migrate/Migration
•Vocational Training •Race Riots

3. Jim Crow Era: 1876-1965
1. Identify 3 differences between the two water fountains.
2. How does this image make you feel?
3. List 4 words to describe this image.
Warm-up

4. Timeline:
1863 – Emancipation Proclamation & Start of Reconstruction
1865 – 13th Amendment
1868 – 14th Amendment
1870 – 15th Amendment
1877 – End of Reconstruction
1877 – Start of the Jim Crow Era
1895 – Booker T. Washington’s Atlanta Exposition Address (aka the Atlanta Compromise)
1905 – W,E.B. DuBois’ Niagara Movement
1910 – 30 The Great Migration
1920 – Harlem Renaissance (Jazz Age/Roaring 20’s)
1930 – End of the Great Migration/Harlem Renaissance
1st BLACK CODES
laws were passed in
the South

5. Let’s Review the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments
•Passed during Reconstruction when the Radical
Republicans controlled the United States Congress:
–13th Amendment – Banned Slavery in the U.S.
–14th Amendment – Granted Citizenship to Former Slaves
–15th Amendment – Gave Former Slaves the Right to Vote
History Tunes: 13th, 14th ,15th Amendment Song

6. G. What is Racial Segregation?
•Segregation– “ to separate”

7. G. Racial Segregation
1. Based upon _____.
2. Directed primarily at
_________________, but other
groups were also kept
segregated.
3. American _______ were not
considered citizens until 1924.
race
African Americans
Indians
NOTES

8. H. “Jim Crow” Laws
1. Passed to ____________
against African Americans.
2. Made discrimination practices
_____ in many communities
and states.
3. Were characterized by
unequal opportunities in
________, _____, __________,
and ___________.
discriminate
government
workhousing
legal
education
NOTES

9. AFRICAN
AMERICAN
RESPONSE
BOOKER T. WASHINGTON
& W.E.B. DUBOIS

10. Booker T. Washington W.E.B. DuBois
Directions:
1. Click on the “bio” links for a brief biography with videos on each leader’s response to Jim Crow.
2. As you read/watch, complete the Venn diagram in your notes.
3. Make sure to include When & Where each man was born.
4. Answer the discussion questions below your Venn diagram.
VS
2 Videos:
• Mini Bio
• Tuskegee Institute
History Tunes
2 Videos:
• Niagara Movement
• Rivalry w/ Booker T.
Washington

11. I. Booker T. Washington
1. Believed equality could be
achieved through
___________ education.
2. He __________ social
segregation as a way to
improve the economic
situation for African
Americans.
3. His had a ________
approach to equality.
vocational
accepted
Tuskegee Institute
gradual
NOTES

12. W.E.B. DuBois
1. Believed in full ________,
____, and ______ rights for
African Americans.
2. He believed the
________________ would
lead African Americans in
the fight for equality.
3. One of the founders of the
_______.
civil
political
“Talented Tenth”
social
NAACP
NOTES

13. AFTER RECONSTRUCTION:
Life of African
Americans Living
in the South

14. African American % the
U.S. population by state in 1900:

15. Sharecropping:

16. Sharecropping:

17. Convict Lease
System:
PBS: Slavery by Another Name
Convict Leasing Video (1:16)
What were their crimes?
VAGRANCY LOITTERING
RIDING THE RAILS CHANGING JOBS
GAMBLING
TALKING TOO LOUDLY IN PUBLIC

18. 2. What economic changes were taking place in cities during the 1800’s – 1930?
3. Were there other groups of people migrating to America? WHY?
Quick Review:
1. What job options were available to most African Americans in the South?

19. How did populations and demographics change in America?
Map showing the African
American population
% change in U.S. states
between 1900-1990:

20. % Change in African American Populations in
U.S. Cities Outside the South from 1910-1930:

22. The desire for a higher paying
factory jobs in a
Northern/Midwest cities
motivated many African
Americans to leave the harsh
system of sharecropping in the
Jim Crow South.

23. The Great Migration: 1910 - 1930
The Century: America’s Time
Shell Shock (1 of 3)
Start @ 12:06
Stop @ 13:13
NPR: “The Warmth of Other Suns”
by Isabel Wilkerson
Listen – Novel Discussion

24. Union Terminal Train Station: Jacksonville, FL
African American
Migration in the
Era of the Great War

25. HARLEM

26. HARLEM

27. CHICAGO

28. DETROIT

29. J. The Great Migration
1. _____ for African Americans in the
South were ______ and ____ paying.
2. African Americans faced
______________ and ________ in the
South.
3. African Americans moved to cities
in the ______ and ________ in search
of better ____________ opportunities.
4. African Americans also faced
discrimination and violence in the
______ and ________.
Jobs
scarce low
discrimination violence
employment
MidwestNorth
North Midwest
NOTES:

30. Discussion Questions:
1. How do you think Northern cities like Detroit, Chicago,
Cleveland, and New York City reacted to Great Migration?
1. Would they have felt any backlash from groups already living
in these cities? If so, what groups and why?
1. How do you think Southerners reacted to the Great Migration?
Explain your opinion.

31. Take a look at this picture.
Can you figure out why this
African American family is
moving out of their
Chicago home?

32. Detroit
Tulsa,
OK
Chicago
Red Summer, 1919: Race Riots in almost ALL large cities

33. The summer of 1919 was called the “Red Summer”