The document discusses strategies for qualifying valves according to API 624 standards for fugitive emissions. It outlines the requirements of API 624, including test parameters like medium, temperature, pressure, number of actuations and thermal cycles. It also discusses planning an in-house test bench, guidelines for valve design to improve performance, such as reducing clearances and adding stem supports. Third party labs can be used for final verification.
A Comparative Study on Gland Packing Testing for Fugitive Emissions based on API Standards only. This was primarily done for testing of FE Gland Packings for low Temperature applications.
(www.chemixcalibrationgases.com) We are a reputed organization engaged in manufacturing, supplying and exporting a magnificent range of Gas Mixtures & Handling Equipment. The entire range of products are manufactured using high quality raw material by employing latest technology and machinery. Moreover, we offer these products to the clients at industry leading prices. These products are widely used in several industries and sectors.
A Comparative Study on Gland Packing Testing for Fugitive Emissions based on API Standards only. This was primarily done for testing of FE Gland Packings for low Temperature applications.
(www.chemixcalibrationgases.com) We are a reputed organization engaged in manufacturing, supplying and exporting a magnificent range of Gas Mixtures & Handling Equipment. The entire range of products are manufactured using high quality raw material by employing latest technology and machinery. Moreover, we offer these products to the clients at industry leading prices. These products are widely used in several industries and sectors.
Gates advantage Hydraulic Hose and CouplingsLeanne Lennon
Brief presentation on the benefits of Gates Hydraulics hose and couplings available from Industrial and Farm Machinery Ltd in Dunleer, Co. Louth. Check out www.ifm.ie, call us on 042-9372294 or follow us on twitter
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Our API inspectors have been properly trained and certified and commmonly perform API 653 tank inspections. Many industries call upon iFluids to perform other popular services according to the API 570 and API 510 standards.
Safe Hose Assemble: From Factory to FieldDesign World
Jim Reilly of The United Distribution Group, GHX Industrial, LLC, and Rick Pitman of PSC will discuss the proper use of hydraulic hose, from fabrication and assembly to industry drivers and field usage. They will also explain NAHAD’s role in improving hose standards and what engineering personnel need to know.
Gates advantage Hydraulic Hose and CouplingsLeanne Lennon
Brief presentation on the benefits of Gates Hydraulics hose and couplings available from Industrial and Farm Machinery Ltd in Dunleer, Co. Louth. Check out www.ifm.ie, call us on 042-9372294 or follow us on twitter
Bottom Tank Inspection by Manual & Mapping Tank Floor Bottom Scanner
Dimensional Control Survey , Storage Tank Inspection
Above Ground Storage Tank Evaluation Program
• Our Above Ground Tank Inspection services include:
• Nondestructive testing services
• Ultrasonic thickness measurement using our DX-20 remote crawler
• MFE 2412 floor scanner
• DX-20 Magnetically- Attached Ultrasonic / Remote Visual Testing Crawler
• Our Tank Inspection Qualifications include:
• API 653 certified inspectors
Mechanical Integrity Program capabilities:
• Thickness Inspections
• Engineering Evaluations
• Corrosion Rate and Remaining Life Determination
• Fitness For Service Evaluations (FFS)
• Turnkey Tank Management Program
Our targeted tank inspections look to find and quantify such damage and deterioration phenomenon as:
• Corrosion Rate
• Remaining Life
• Under Floor Corrosion
• Corrosion Under Insulation (CUI)
• Tide Line and Corrosion Zones
• Settlement and Planar Tilt
Above Ground Storage Tanks within our inspection expertise include:
• SP-001 Tanks
• UL-58
Our inspections are tailored to your process equipment and risk mediation programs such as:
• Mechanical Integrity Program (MIP)
• Process Safety Management (PSM)
• Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasure (SPCC)
• Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
• Chlorine and Chlorine Dioxide Service
• Flammable or Hazardous Chemicals
• Proprietary Process Chemicals
We utilize the following tests in our inspections to gain an understanding of the condition of your equipment.
• Visual Inspections (VT)
• Ultrasonic Thickness Testing (UTT)
• Magnetic Particle Testing (MT)
• Penetrant Testing (PT)
• Radiographic Testing (RT)
• Magnetic Flux Leak Detection (MFL)
• Vacuum Box Testing (VBT)
Peripheral Considerations:
• Secondary Containment Sizing
Our API inspectors have been properly trained and certified and commmonly perform API 653 tank inspections. Many industries call upon iFluids to perform other popular services according to the API 570 and API 510 standards.
Safe Hose Assemble: From Factory to FieldDesign World
Jim Reilly of The United Distribution Group, GHX Industrial, LLC, and Rick Pitman of PSC will discuss the proper use of hydraulic hose, from fabrication and assembly to industry drivers and field usage. They will also explain NAHAD’s role in improving hose standards and what engineering personnel need to know.
Multi Service High Pressure Ball Valves : SERIES - BV105Ljackmethyu
SEALEXCEL Valve offers high pressure ball valves suitable for applications where the medium is flowing at a pressure greater than 3000 psi
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Water billing management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project entitled “Water Billing Management System” aims is to generate Water bill with all the charges and penalty. Manual system that is employed is extremely laborious and quite inadequate. It only makes the process more difficult and hard.
The aim of our project is to develop a system that is meant to partially computerize the work performed in the Water Board like generating monthly Water bill, record of consuming unit of water, store record of the customer and previous unpaid record.
We used HTML/PHP as front end and MYSQL as back end for developing our project. HTML is primarily a visual design environment. We can create a android application by designing the form and that make up the user interface. Adding android application code to the form and the objects such as buttons and text boxes on them and adding any required support code in additional modular.
MySQL is free open source database that facilitates the effective management of the databases by connecting them to the software. It is a stable ,reliable and the powerful solution with the advanced features and advantages which are as follows: Data Security.MySQL is free open source database that facilitates the effective management of the databases by connecting them to the software.
HEAP SORT ILLUSTRATED WITH HEAPIFY, BUILD HEAP FOR DYNAMIC ARRAYS.
Heap sort is a comparison-based sorting technique based on Binary Heap data structure. It is similar to the selection sort where we first find the minimum element and place the minimum element at the beginning. Repeat the same process for the remaining elements.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
ACRP 4-09 Risk Assessment Method to Support Modification of Airfield Separat...
Ivs2017 final presentation session12_strategies to api 624 qualification
1. Strategies to API 624 Qualification
Pramod Kalyani
Kalson Engineering Solutions,
INDIA
IVS 2017 • 2nd International Conference on Valve and Flow Control Technologies
May, 24th and 25th 2017
1
2. AGENDA
IVS 2017 • 2nd International Conference on Valve and Flow Control Technologies
May, 24th and 25th 2017
2
Requirements of API 624
Planning for In-house Test Bench
Design Assembly Guideline
Third Party Labs for final Verification.
3. AGENDA
IVS 2017 • 2nd International Conference on Valve and Flow Control Technologies
May, 24th and 25th 2017
3
Requirements of API 624
Planning for In-house Test Bench
Design Assembly Guideline
Third Party Labs for final Verification.
4. Methane a significant contributor to global warming
• Methane is a key component of natural gas and is 25 times stronger
than carbon dioxide when it comes to trapping heat in the atmosphere.
Read more at: https://phys.org/news/2015-08-methane-oil-gas-industry.html#jCp
10/04/2017 IVS 2015 • International Conference on Valve and Flow Control Technologies 4
5. VALVES a significant contribute to VOC
10/04/2017 IVS 2015 • International Conference on Valve and Flow Control Technologies 5
6. EPA CONSENT DECREE & API 624
10/04/2017 IVS 2015 • International Conference on Valve and Flow Control Technologies 6
7. • EPA implements “consent decrees” on refinery and chemical processing end users
-Include fines for emissions over established limits
-Requires implementation of LDAR (leak detection and repair) programs
-Leads to low FE-requirements for valves and sealing systems
• EPA Consent Decree New Equipment Upgrade Requirement
-Newly installed valves must be Low-E
-Repack or replace with Low-E for Valves that leak above 250 PPMv (Chemical)
-Repack or replace with Low-E for Valves that leak above 500 PPMv (Refinery)
• Industry defines low FE products by Complying to API FE Test Standard,
-API 622: Type Testing of Valve Packing for FE Released in August 2006, 2nd edition
October 2011
- API 624: Type Testing of Valves Equipped with Graphite Packing for FE Released in
February 2014.
10/04/2017 IVS 2015 • International Conference on Valve and Flow Control Technologies 7
EPA CONSENT DECREE & API 624
8. REQUIREMENTS OF API 624
10/04/2017 IVS 2015 • International Conference on Valve and Flow Control Technologies 8
Title and Edition
Type Testing of Rising Stem Valves Equipped
with Graphite Packing for Fugitive Emissions,
First Edition
Date
Standard by the American Petroleum Institute,
02/01/2014
Pass Criteria
leakage throughout the test does not exceed 100
PPMv
Packing Adjustment None allowed
9. 10/04/2017 IVS 2015 • International Conference on Valve and Flow Control Technologies 9
Media Methane 97% minimum purity
Temperature
500°F (260°C)
Optional Low Temperature Test at -20° F
Pressure 600 psig (41.4bar-g)
Number of Valve Stem
Actuations
310
Number of Thermal
Cycles
3
REQUIREMENTS OF API 624
10. 10/04/2017 IVS 2015 • International Conference on Valve and Flow Control Technologies 10
Leak Measurement
Method
EPA Method 21
Stem Orientation Stem is oriented in vertical position
Leak Measurement
Details
Leak measurements are sniffed using a detection
probe. Done with stem in static and dynamic states
Leak Measurement
Frequency
Every 50 actuations of the stem
REQUIREMENTS OF API 624
11. API 624 ACTUATION- WE REFER API622
• The test valve may be equipped with a method of actuation capable
of stroking the stem to simulate the mechanical cycle of a valve at
the rate of 3 mm to 5 mm (0.04 in. to 0.20 in.) per second.
• The method of actuation should not impose additional side loads on
the stem or packing.
• Running torque values shall be recorded on the first and last cycle of
testing.
11
12. API624 VALVES QUALIFIED
All valves of the same basic design as the test valve may be deemed
to have been type tested, subject to the following additional limitations:
• For API 602 valves, a NPS ¾ class 800 test valve may be used to
qualify all valves NPS 1 and smaller valves up to and including class
800.
• For API 602valves, a NPS 1-1/2 class 800 test valve may be used to
qualify all valves NPS 1-1/4 through NPS 2-1/2 up to and including
class 1500.
12
13. For all other valves, a test valve may be used to qualify valves from
two nominal sizes smaller to one nominal size larger and one pressure
class lower than the test valve.
13
API624 VALVES QUALIFIED
14. API624 VALVES QUALIFIED-REQUALIFICATION
Any change in valve stem sealing system design including, but not
limited to, packing material, packing manufacturer, or packing
type/model requires a re-qualification.
If the location of the valve manufacturing facilities is different than
what is listed on the API 624 certificate, the purchaser may request
requalification
14
15. Valve shall be disassembled and
components; including stem, packing,
stem nut, gland follower, and stuffing
box; shall be inspected and condition
documented.
Sealing components shall be
photographed in accordance with
section 9.4.
15
API624 Post-test Inspection
17. API624 Recording and Documentation
As a minimum, test results shall be provided on the Fugitive
Emissions Test Report provided in Appendix A.
Valves qualified by this standard shall be clearly and
permanently marked as “API 624”.
17
18. AGENDA
IVS 2017 • 2nd International Conference on Valve and Flow Control Technologies
May, 24th and 25th 2017
18
Requirements of API 624
Planning for In-house Test Bench
Design Assembly Guideline
Third Party Labs for final Verification.
19. IN-HOUSE TEST BENCH API624 FE TEST
Sr.No Component Description Qty
1 Valve Holding Structure including Crane for support 1
2 Motor/Electric Actuator 1
3 Limit Switches Non-Contact Type (Open Close) 2
4 Torque Transducer 1
5 Heating Jacket 1
6 Leakage Monitoring Device with Calibration Set up 1
7 Test Gas Methane 97% Purity 1
8 Purging Nitrogen Gas 1
9 Piping and regulator set 1
10 Data Logger 1
11 Thermocouples for temperature measurement 3
10/04/2017 IVS 2015 • International Conference on Valve and Flow Control Technologies 19
Figure 1. Technician uses Method 21 to monitor
leakage. Photo courtesy of GreatWeld Engineering
Pvt.Limited,India.
20. 10/04/2017 IVS 2015 • International Conference on Valve and Flow Control Technologies 20
Leak Measurement Devices based on API 624 and EPA
Method 21.
21. Leakage Detection Techniques
The following point detection techniques were identified
Ionization/Ion Mobility
Spectrometry.
Flame Photometry.
Infrared Spectroscopy.
Electrochemistry.
Colorimetric.
Surface Acoustic Wave.
Photoionization Detection.
Thermal and Electrical Conductivity.
Flame Ionization.
Polymer Composite Detection Materials
21
22. Leak Measurement Devices based on API 624 and EPA
Method 21.
Standard API624 EPA Method 21
Monitoring
Instrument
Detector type
Section7.
Flame Ionization
Section 3.1.1.
Detector types which may
meet this requirement include, but are not
limited to, catalytic oxidation, flame
ionization, infrared absorption, and
photoionization.
Device Make Thermo-Scientific
TVA2020
SENSIT® GOLD G2
Price ~12000$ ~2500$
10/04/2017 IVS 2015 • International Conference on Valve and Flow Control Technologies 22
25. AGENDA
IVS 2017 • 2nd International Conference on Valve and Flow Control Technologies
May, 24th and 25th 2017
25
Requirements of API 624
Planning for In-house Test Bench
Design Assembly Guideline
Third Party Labs for final Verification.
26. # Aspect Description Illustration Advantages
1 Fine
Threads
with Close
Tolerance
▪ Threaded Ring-Bonnet prefer a fine
thread pitch and closer tolerance.
▪ Fine Threading and Closure
Tolerance will improve centering
and reduce side loads on stem
and packing.
2 Controlled
and
Reduced
Diametrical
clearance
▪ Try to have minimum diametrical
clearance in following mating parts
▪ Stem Nut-Threaded Ring-
Bonnet.
▪ Stem-Bonnet
▪ Bonnet-Body
▪ Bonnet-Packing-Stem (radial
clearance to 0.1)
▪ Bonnet-Backseat-Stem
▪ Closer and tight tolerances
between mating parts will
improve guide and bearing
support to Stem and better
alignment during dynamic mode.
▪ Tighter clearance requirements
between Stem and Packing Gland
than API 600 may be required.
10/04/2017 IVS 2015 • International Conference on Valve and Flow Control Technologies 26
Design Guideline
27. # Aspect Description Illustration Advantages
3 Stem to Bonnet
Stem Housing
Support
▪ Additional Spacer between Stem
and bonnet
▪ Reduce Stem Contact with Bonnet
stem housing will reduce
possibility of valve stem scoring.
4 Packing Bolt
Location
▪ Eye bolt distance from center of
Stem try to keep minimum.
▪ Material of bolt / nut B7
▪ Closer positioning of packing bolt
improved force distribution and
sealing performance.
10/04/2017 IVS 2015 • International Conference on Valve and Flow Control Technologies 27
Design Guideline
28. # Aspect Description Illustration Advantages
5 Backseat Design ▪ Provide Guide at the end to ensure
better alignment or centring
▪ Provide Tack weld
▪ Better Centering of Backseat.
▪ Improved support to Stem.
▪ Tack Weld ensures no loosening of
backseat.
6 Stem ▪ Provide Hard Chrome Plating 20
m
▪ Tempering temp-450C hardness 30-
40HRC.
▪ Good Surface Finish is Key.
▪ Runout, Circularity, and
Straightness tolerances to be
achieved.
▪ Thread tolerance can be changed to
5C instead of 2G
▪ When the stem or Stem is closing
the valves, bending, shifting,
twisting can
occur so stem to be designed with
adequate strength.
▪ Improved surface finish, hardness
and controlled Circularity, Runout
and Straightness will improve
sealing performance.
10/04/2017 IVS 2015 • International Conference on Valve and Flow Control Technologies 28
Design Guideline
29. Design Guideline
# Aspect Description Illustration Advantages
7 Stem Nut-Stem
Lubrication
▪ Stem is oriented in vertical position
which can allow yoke bushing
grease to travel down stem to
packing area.
▪ Selection of proper Stem & Stud
grease becomes critical due to
thermal parameters.
▪ DUALCO GSVL grease claims to
have bulky viscosity with extreme
pressure lubricant with excellent
high and low temperature
properties.
8 Bolt
Lubrication
• Apply anti-seize lubricant to gland
stud threads, nuts, and hardened
washers.
▪ JET LUBE 550 eXtreme is good
anti-seize lubricant which you
might consider.
10/04/2017 IVS 2015 • International Conference on Valve and Flow Control Technologies 29
30. Design Guideline
# Aspect Description Illustration Advantages
9 Tightening
Torque Packing
Gland Bolt &
Nut.
Overtightening
might result in
Stem failure at
high
temperature;
Inadequate
tightening result
in packing
consolidation.
▪ Get formula for torque from
Packing manufacture (not all the
same)
▪ Use a calibrated torque wrench
▪ Torque alternately between gland
nuts to not cock the gland which
could cause valve stem scoring or
uneven loading of the packing set.
▪ Ensure proper levelling of gland
load
▪ Hardened washers should be
utilized under the gland nuts .
Arrow Illustrate force
transmission.
▪ Ensures No substantial increase in
packing friction at high temperature
thereby no increase in stem torque.
▪ No packing consolidation and
hence no leakage.
▪ To maintain even gland load on the
packing set over time, a live-load
spring assembly also can be used.
10/04/2017 IVS 2015 • International Conference on Valve and Flow Control Technologies 30
31. Packing Gland Assembly Guideline
# Aspect Description Illustration Advantages
1
0
Packing Gland
Assembly &
Proper leveling
of Gland load
▪ 5 rings only need to seal, more
rings less sealing
▪ Seat each ring individually This
procedure eliminates the need to re-
pack or re-torque and vastly
enhances the life of the seals.
▪ If the gland follower is not long
enough to reach the bottom of the
stuffing box, a tamping tool or an
extension ring must be used during
this installation step.
▪ Actuate the valve multiple times
▪ Retighten with torque wrench
▪ If any movement of the nuts
(consolidation), repeat actuation
steps until no movement at the
recommended torque.
▪ This will help to have uniform
gland load and better sealing
performance.
10/04/2017 IVS 2015 • International Conference on Valve and Flow Control Technologies 31
32. AGENDA
IVS 2017 • 2nd International Conference on Valve and Flow Control Technologies
May, 24th and 25th 2017
32
Requirements of API 624
Planning for In-house Test Bench
Design Assembly Guideline
Third Party Labs for final Verification.
33. Third Party Labs for final Verification
1. YARMOUTH RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY, LLC
o 434 WALNUT HILL ROAD, NORTH YARMOUTH, ME 04097 USA
o PHONE: (207) 829-5359
o INFO@YARMOUTHRESEARCH.COM
o WWW.YARMOUTHRESEARCH.COM
2. UNITED VALVE
o 9916 Gulf Freeway, Houston, TX 77034-1045
o 1-888-715-5093
o 713-944-9852
o Fax: 713-944-5964
o WWW.UNITEDVALVE.COM
10/04/2017 IVS 2015 • International Conference on Valve and Flow Control Technologies 33
34. CONCLUSION
• We covered briefly requirement of API 624 and strategies which will
be helpful in API 624 compliance. This is just my experience and I
am sure there would be other strategies which might also be helpful.
• I would solicit reader’s judgement and wisdom to interpret and apply
my experience to develop in house test setup for API 624 FE test
and design modifications if necessary to pass the test.
10/04/2017 IVS 2015 • International Conference on Valve and Flow Control Technologies 34
35. 10/04/2017 IVS 2015 • International Conference on Valve and Flow Control Technologies 35