ISIS/ISIL: Is the Islamic State a Consequence of U.S. Foreign Policy?
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The document discusses the emergence of ISIL in the context of historical U.S. involvement in the Middle East since the early 20th century. It outlines that ISIL seeks to create a caliphate controlled by Wahhabist Sunni Muslims across parts of Iraq and Syria. The U.S. role in the region is described as using economic, military and cultural power to control land, labor and resources, especially oil deposits discovered in the early 1900s. The document then provides a brief historical overview of the Ottoman Empire, World War I, British and French colonial divisions, the Cold War, and the Arab Spring uprisings as important context for understanding the rise of ISIL.
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1. How after WWII, Europe was divided between Western countries allied with the US and Eastern countries controlled by the Soviet Union, separated by the "Iron Curtain."
2. How Germany was divided into East and West, with East Germany becoming communist under Soviet control and West Germany democratic under Western control.
3. How tensions escalated over time, exemplified by the Berlin Blockade and Airlift, until the division of Germany was solidified with the construction of the Berlin Wall in 1961.
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The Iran-Iraq War began in 1980 when Iraq invaded Iran and lasted until 1988. There were several longstanding territorial disputes over the Shatt al-Arab waterway and religious and ideological tensions between the two countries' governments that contributed to the outbreak of war. Iraq's leader Saddam Hussein hoped to take advantage of Iran's weakened military and divided new revolutionary government to achieve influence in the region. The war resulted in over a million casualties before a UN-brokered ceasefire.
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The document discusses the origins, presence, and activities of ISIS/ISIL. It outlines their recruitment methods including use of social media and magazines to spread propaganda and recruit fighters. It also details their sources of funding and impact on global economy. The document then examines the fight against ISIS by countries like the US, Kurds, and Iran as well as hacking group Anonymous. It concludes by discussing the role of religion in extremism and includes a bibliography of sources.
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The document discusses the rise of ISIS in Iraq and Syria and potential threats posed. It provides background on how ISIS formed from al-Qaeda in Iraq and took control of territory across Iraq and Syria. Six potential scenarios for the future of Iraq are outlined, ranging from protracted civil war to ISIS gaining control of the entire country. The document also discusses how ISIS aims to establish a caliphate and how their actions could impact neighboring countries and threaten global security. Measures to counter ISIS are mentioned, including training local ground forces in Iraq to conduct operations to push ISIS from cities.
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This document provides an overview of key beliefs and practices in Islam. It discusses the origins and meaning of Islam and the terms Muslim, as well as the life and teachings of the prophet Muhammad. The six articles of Islamic faith are explained, including belief in God, the unseen, prophethood, revelation, judgment day, and divine decree. The two main sects of Islam, Sunni and Shia, are introduced. The five pillars of Islam - declaration of faith, prayer, alms, fasting, and pilgrimage - are outlined as the core duties of Muslims. Overall, the document presents foundational concepts and tenets of the Islamic faith.
Clush between sunni and shia
The clash between Sunni and Shia in an unsettled Middle East An analysis by Ambassador Giulio Terzi di Sant'Agata
ISIS A Global Threat
ISIS is a terrorist organization which started from Iraq and Syria, now it has become big threat to the world.
Isis presentation
The document discusses enterprise information management (EIM) and presents it as a "wicked problem" due to incomplete and changing requirements. It proposes reducing the "wickedness" of EIM by increasing peripheral vision and facilitating pattern experience. The author describes their research on EIM, including an ontology-based framework and case study, and discusses current work on evaluating the EIM lifecycle and stakeholder perspectives.
Who is ISIS?
ISIS has gone through several name changes and originated as an offshoot of Al-Qaeda in Iraq. It is led by Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi and broke from Al-Qaeda in 2013 by expanding into Syria against their wishes. ISIS follows an extreme Salafist ideology and seeks to establish a caliphate, carrying out brutal acts of violence to achieve and maintain control over territory in Iraq and Syria. Their propaganda utilizes various media to spread their message and recruit adherents worldwide. Understanding their ideology and messaging techniques is important to developing strategies to counter ISIS propaganda.
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1) In 1953, the United States and United Kingdom orchestrated a coup to overthrow Iran's democratically elected Prime Minister Mohammad Mossadegh after he nationalized Iran's oil industry.
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This document provides a brief overview of some key events in modern Middle Eastern history that have contributed to the rise of Islamic revivalism and radical Islamist movements. It discusses how European imperialism and the collapse of the Ottoman Empire in the early 20th century weakened traditional Islamic authorities and identities. In response, various nationalist and Islamist movements emerged. Three pivotal events in 1979 - the Iranian Revolution, Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, and seizure of the Great Mosque in Mecca - inspired and mobilized Islamists while threatening secular regimes. This created permissive conditions for the spread of radical groups like Al-Qaeda and foreshadowed ongoing instability in the region.
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The document summarizes key events in the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States from 1945 to 1989. It describes how the US helped rebuild Western Europe through the Marshall Plan to prevent communist takeover after WWII. It also discusses the rise of communist China and subsequent proxy wars in Korea and Vietnam between the two superpowers. The document outlines periods of increased tensions like the Cuban Missile Crisis and periods of dÊtente. It concludes with the fall of the Berlin Wall and collapse of the Soviet Union, marking the end of the Cold War.
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The document summarizes the formation of the modern Middle East from the end of World War 1 through the Cold War period. It discusses how the Ottoman Empire collapsed after World War 1 and the Middle East was divided and placed under British and French control. This led to nationalist unrest as boundaries were drawn without consideration for ethnic groups. Oil discoveries further complicated matters and foreign powers vied for influence. The establishment of Israel in 1948 triggered regional conflicts and tensions that continue today as the Middle East was shaped by superpower politics throughout the Cold War.
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The document summarizes the history of Western influence and development in the Middle East from the decline of the Ottoman Empire to modern times. It discusses how European imperialism contributed to the breakup of the Ottoman Empire in the 19th century. Many former Ottoman lands came under European control, such as Britain's influence over Egypt. Nationalist movements emerged among Arab populations seeking independence. The establishment of Israel led to ongoing Arab-Israeli conflicts over Palestine. The Cold War saw the US and Soviet Union vie for influence in the region. The development of oil industry boosted some countries' economies but also led to tensions. Islamic fundamentalism emerged as a response to Westernization.
H12 ch 10_us_aand_ussr_2013
The document summarizes the origins and early events of the Cold War between the United States and Soviet Union. It discusses how tensions grew between the former World War 2 allies over the fate of liberated countries in Europe. This led to the USSR tightening control over Eastern Europe and installing communist governments, while the US sought to contain the spread of communism and support democratic states. The document outlines several early flashpoints like Iran, Turkey, and Greece, which demonstrated the emerging geopolitical rivalry that became the Cold War.
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This document summarizes the Islamic Cold War between Iran and Saudi Arabia. It began after the 1979 Iranian Revolution led by Ayatollah Khomeini that overthrew the Western-backed Shah and established an Islamic republic. Since then, Iran and Saudi Arabia have supported opposing proxy groups in regional conflicts like Yemen, Syria, Lebanon, and Palestine to extend their influence. This has destabilized the Middle East and involved religion more as a political tool than an ideology between the rival powers.
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Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
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His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
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Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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ISIS/ISIL: Is the Islamic State a Consequence of U.S. Foreign Policy?
- 1. Middle East Today: The Emergence of ISIL
- 3. What is the Islamic State? âĸ Create Caliphate: âĸ Wahibist Sunni Muslims âĸ Control Large Parts of Northern Iraq and Syria âĸ Movement Spreading to North Africa âĸ Former Iraqi Officers Play Key role
- 4. The U.S. role âĸ U.S. is an Imperialist Power âĸ Uses Economic, military and cultural power to control or strongly influence the Land, Labor and Resources of the World âĸ If There Were No Oil in the Middle East, Would the U.S. Be There??
- 5. A Quick Tour of the U.S. in the Middle East âĸ 1. Before Oil: The Ottomans âĸ 2. World War I: Ottoman Empire goes Down âĸ 3. Britain and France Divide up the Region âĸ 4. Oil Becomes Increasingly Important
- 8. France & England Divide Levant
- 9. Oil, Oil & More Oil âĸ Massive Oil Deposits Discovered 1908-1930s âĸ Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 1932 âĸ Wahibist Version of Sunni Islam dominates âĸ U.S. & Saudis Become Great Friends âĸ By 1950s ME Oil Largest Producer in the World
- 10. Cold War (1947-1991) âĸ U.S. Develops Alliance System to Control the Middle East @ Its OilâĻand stop Soviet influence in the region Iran Resists Western Control of Its Oil: They Strike BackâĻ.Nationalize OilâĻU.S. and U.K. Overthrow the Government of Iran in 1953 support Shah Baghdad Pact: 1955âĻ.Iran, Iraq, Pakistan and Turkey âĻ. Shiite Iran Key Power in Region
- 11. Chaos Develops âĸ Things Look Up for the U.S. and Its Allies in 1950s and 1960sâĻ stability and dictators Then A Bombshell: The Iranian Revolution 1979âĻ. U.S. Loses an Ally Saddam Hussein: Dominates Iraq, and goes to War with IranâĻ. Iraq has a Shiite Majority
- 12. U.S. Invades Iraq 2003-2011 âĸ Iraq Falls Apart With U.S. Invasion âĸ U.S. Disbands Iraqi Army âĸ Civil War BeginsâĻShiite vs. Sunni, tribe against TribeâĻ.. Chaos Unfolds âĸ ISIL Responds: Fills the vacum,e organizes an army, begins to spread its ideas across the region
- 13. Arab Spring 2011 âĸ Tuniisa: People Rebel and New Government âĸ Egypt: Mubarak Regime Ousted âĸ Libya: Guadaffi Regime Overthrown âĸ Syria: Civil War Begins âĸ Iraq War Ends âĸ ISIL Emerges
- 14. ISIL
- 15. Caliphate (Iraq & Syria)
- 17. Growing Califate
- 20. U.S. Intervenes
Editor's Notes
- Islamic State (grey) Iraq (purple) Syria (pink)