IRRROC is a model for constructed responses used in all subject areas at EKHS. It stands for Introduction, Reason, Reason, Reason, Opposition, Conclusion. For each element of the response, students should provide about a sentence of detail. Using this model helps students think objectively and consider their audience by providing facts and examples to prove their argument, rather than just stating their own reasons. Teachers can help students write effective constructed responses using this IRRROC model.

1. IRRROC

2.  ONE model for constructed response
(not the ONLY model!)
 Used in all subject areas at EKHS
 The acronym helps students remember
the parts of the response
What it is:

3.  Can be written as a paragraph
(daily assignment, each element is
about a sentence)
 Can be written as an essay (each
element is a paragraph)
How to use it:

4.  Changes from thinking one-
dimensionally to thinking abstractly.
 Changes from thinking of
themselves (and why they want to
prove something) to using objective
reasoning.
The adolescent brain

5.  We need to remind students to PROVE
their response to the reader. Just like a
lawyer, the more strong facts and
examples they use, the better their
argument.
 Students need to think objectively and
consider the audience. Your reason for
wanting something is probably different
than the person next to you.
What this means:

6. 9 point scale example
I – Introduction: re-state question and give answer (1 pt)
R – Reason (or Example)#1 (1 pt). Explain why this is
important (1 pt)
R – Reason (or Example)#2 (1 pt). Explain why this is
important (1 pt)
R – Reason (or Example)#3 (1 pt). Explain why this is
important (1 pt)
O – Opposition: why might someone disagree with you?
(1 pt)
C – Conclusion: restate your introduction (1 pt)
IRRROC (see handout)

7.  Examples for various classes
 Need help writing a constructed
response question? Ask any of the
ELA teachers!
 Questions?
Handout