Arthur Hicken from Parasoft presented on challenges in testing Internet of Things (IoT) applications and how to improve IoT testing. IoT applications involve multiple disparate technologies across different layers which makes testing difficult. While end-to-end testing is challenging to automate and not very effective, component-level testing using stubs, mocks and service virtualization can help improve test automation and coverage. Effective IoT testing requires prioritizing automated component tests over manual end-to-end tests and measuring test quality across layers to assess features holistically.