2. Designing and investigating
Synchronous Hybrid
education from a learning
lab perspective
Frederik Van de plas, Educational Policy, KU
Leuven, Poject member DigitelPro
5. 3/03/2023
Ellis, R.A. and Goodyear, P. (2016), Models of learning space:
integrating research on space, place and learning in higher
education. Rev Educ, 4: 149-
191. https://doi.org/10.1002/rev3.3056
6. 3/03/2023
Raes, A., Detienne, L., Windey, I. et al. (2020). A systematic
literature review on synchronous hybrid learning: gaps
identified. Learning Environ Res 23, 269–
290. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10984-019-09303-z.
Bülow, M.W. (2022). Designing Synchronous Hybrid Learning
Spaces: Challenges and Opportunities. In: Gil, E., Mor, Y.,
Dimitriadis, Y., Köppe, C. (eds) Hybrid Learning Spaces.
Understanding Teaching-Learning Practice. Springer,
Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88520-5_9.
7. Goodyear, Carvalho & Yeoman (2021)
Synchronous
Hybrid learning
is a complex
learning
environment.
3/03/2023
10. • Launching quizzes is positively
related to all students' motivation.
(Raes et al. 2019)
• Focus on cognitive activation
during instruction
• Quizzes involve everyone
3/03/2023
Quizzes and polls
17. In the hybrid
setting the
remote learners
scored lower on
reported
relatedness; in
relatedness to
teacher but even
more so in
relatedness to
peers. 3/03/2023
18. “I found it good
to consult in
small groups
online. You feel
less alone and
there is a good
interaction with
the professor.”
3/03/2023
20. “…student
attendence did
drop among
remote
participants and
those with lower
incoming grades
tended to opt
for the remote
mode.”
"MBA students
who were remote
preferred hybrid
to all-Zoom
teaching,
because they
could
vicariously
experience some
of the
classroom’s
dynamism.”
3/03/2023
22. The innovation & research
Space
The Ecosystem Approach through the Living Lab
3/03/2023
23. A Living Lab
• “Living Labs” are a new research, development and innovation
(RDI) model for 21st century innovation characterised by:
• openness and user involvement
• a non-linear, or even cyclical, innovation process, more cooperation between
internal research and development (R&D) and the outside world, and
companies benefiting from the synergies associated with this collaboration
(Chesbrough, 2003; Chesbrough & Appleyard, 2007)
• “Living Labs” are physical regions or virtual realities in which
stakeholders form public-private-people partnerships (4Ps)
(Westerlund and Leminen, 2011)
3/03/2023
24. Mapping Living Labs among other user innovation methodologies.
(Almirall, Lee & Wareham, 2012, p.16).
User driven
Participatory
Design driven
User centered
Learning lab as
a methodology
3/03/2023
26. Hybrid spaces at scale
The institution’s processes & practices
3/03/2023
27. KU Leuven across Flanders
ABOUT 60,000 STUDENTS IN 10 LOCATIONS SPREAD OVER 14 CAMPUSES
3/03/2023
28. Objectives of the institution
3/03/2023
1. Truly International
2. Future-oriented Education
3. Going Digital
4. Interdisciplinarity
5. Sustainability
34. Emergency teaching
• Manuals & Tutorials
Instructions step-by-step
Video tutorial
• Training sessions
for local support staff
(mainly education and IT)
for teachers
for students (part-time job)
3/03/2023
37. • Three main teaching activities
1. Instruction (teacher -> student)
2. Interaction (teacher <-> student)
3. Collaboration (student <-> student)
• Per teaching activity
Audio requirements
Video requirements
Didactic requirements for hybrid learning
3/03/2023
38. 3/03/2023
Scaling for Future Use
Hybrid College Hall
(100 seats and more / staired)
Basic
(154)
Advanced
(50)
Audio – microphone Yes Yes
Audio – speakers Yes Yes
Audio – wireless microphone Yes Yes
Video – camera to see teacher Yes Yes
Video – extra camera to see on-site students (Some) (Some)
Audio – ceiling mic
Video – tracking camera to see/track teacher Yes
Video – extra screen to see remote students
Technological solutions
39. Flat Hybrid Classroom
(up to 80 seats)
Basic
(37)
Medium
(14)
Advanced
(6)
Audio – speakers Yes Yes Yes
Video – tracking camera to see/track teacher Yes Yes Yes
Audio – microphone Yes Yes
Audio – wireless microphone Yes Yes
Audio – ceiling mic Yes
Video – extra camera to see on-site students Yes
Video – extra screen to see remote students Yes
3/03/2023
Technological solutions
Scaling for Future Use
44. Support
• Invest in innovation
• Invest in scale for the right purposes
• Invest in new standards
• BUT…
• Invest in people!
• Student & teacher readiness
• Training
• In the room support practices
3/03/2023
From Picture to ..;
It strikes me that whether we’re working on blended, online or hybrid – we try to work on building connection, through engaging activities and incentives to build a community of learners
6 modules on task, group & setup level, adding workshops for participants
Materials based on research in Kortrijk’s Living Lab
Why should you attend my session?
You understand the complexity
You will be able to assess your institutions position on the theme
Discuss user’s perspective and the infrastructure needed
"Exploring the Universe in Virtual Reality" by NASA Goddard Photo and Video is licensed under CC BY 2.0.
What our course tries to do is to work from formal learning spaces (a space is place in which learning takes place) and discover the needs of synchronous hybrid education. How do you instruct, interact and produce in this environment?
2 major starting point to find out what works in hybrid spaces
Complex means even more complicated than physical learning environments
ACAD-framework: Goodyear, P., Carvalho, L. & Yeoman, P. Activity-Centred Analysis and Design (ACAD): Core purposes, distinctive qualities and current developments. Education Tech Research Dev 69, 445–464 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-020-09926-7
Doel hiervan is de complexiteit van werken met een dubbele modaliteit aan te geven. Deze gaat vb. Verder dan ABC-design.
Epistemic design. What do I want my students to do, to learn, to experience
Onderzoek pre covid in hybride setting. Article published in Computers and education
The research increased the number of quizzes in a lesson, and even though not all prepared quizzes could be used, students did miss the prescence. Simplicity rules when quantity matters.
Collaboration first leads to a higher motivation and engagement of students. (research pre and post covid with students in 3d bach medecines)
Collaboration first leads to a higher motivation and engagement of students. (research pre and post covid with students in 3d bach medecines)
This does not look like any new element.
(ACR= Self Determination Theory – Motiveren met M)
Engagement in the online group seems to be less, but that might be due to personal preferences
It’s tempting to draw conclusions about the efficacy of hybrid teaching by comparing the experiences of in-person and remote students. But that can be misleading. And experiences varied across programs.
It’s important to understand these cases as an institution when deciding on implementing hybrid learning environments
innovation through Living Labs
Living Labs are a new research, development and innovation (RDI) model characterised by openness and user involvement
Living Lab activities distinguish themselves by confronting the user with technology (e.g., prototype) early on in the innovation process, within their natural environment, and by regarding the user as the co-producer of technology (Ballon et al., 2005). In concordance with Ballon et al. (2005) and Bergman & Frissen (1997), we view that “the user is never an ‘end-user’ but reinterprets technological artefacts within his social context, once they are adopted”. From this perspective, Living Labs offer a prominent research setting to study technologies in situ and in use, and to investigate how technology and social behaviour configure each other.
Gewonnen in januari 2020, dus pre covid
Deze oefening deden wij in een onderzoeksproject tussen 2017 en 2019 waaruit het ontwerp van de hybride virtuele klas groeide
Multi-campus university
Policy can change pocesses and practices
General
All bespoke situations for specific purposes
Picture 1 for practising GP’s
Picture 2 optimise some forms of on campus education (a so-called collaborative room)
Picture 3 for Educational Masters
Picture 4 setup for education & education research
on premisse videoconference is gradually becoming obsolete due to our implementation of Teams and Collaborate -> USB-webconferencing (Collaborate and Teams)
Emergency scaling in small classrooms @KUL
Screen (more a less default)
Wireless headphone
Doccam (if available) to cast chalkboard / document
Fast implementation
Low cost
Ease of use is low
--> Only temporary solution
Tension between 1) and 2) Scalability (“We cannot have everything everywhere”)
Instruction (teacher -> student) -> Knowledge-transfer, theoretical, etc.
Interaction (teacher <-> student) -> Discussion, practical, bidirectional, etc.
Collaboration (student <-> student) -> Group work, assignments, projects, etc.
No clear distinction -> grey area: Many teachers perceive their teaching activity somewhere between 1. and 2.
Link naar Thomas Cocolios
Link naar onderzoek Annelies Raes
Already done, but the collaboration crossing the on campus/online devide OUT OF A FORMAL SPACE is not (yet) developed.
Perhaps the goal shouldn’t be met in a formal & standardized learning space