This document introduces textile fibers, defining them as linear strands crucial for textile construction and their historical significance in clothing. It traces the use of fibers back to 5000–4500 BC and describes the evolution from natural fibers to industrially produced and synthetic options due to the industrial revolution. Fibers serve as fundamental raw materials for producing various textile finished products through different processing methods.

1. NTRODUCTION
TO
TEXTILES

2. FIBERS
• A fiber is simply
considered to be a
linear strand with
flexibility and a length
many times its width.
• This differentiates it
from other assemblies
such as tapes, films,
and rods.

3. For the designer, fibers and filaments could be
considered the smallest element in a textile
construction.

4. •Application of fibers in textiles and clothing
starts from the development of human
evolution.

5. Clothing became
existence, not for
aesthetic purpose or
decoration but for
protection against
cold, hot, rain, dust,
etc. initially.

6. Application of
fibers in clothing
dates back to
5000–4500 BC
with utilization of
hemp, flax,
cotton, silk and
later sericulture.
Till Industrial
Revolution, all
the source of fiber
is from nature.

7. 18th and 19th
centuries witnessed an
era of industrial
revolution along with
machineries for fiber
processing and
application.

8. Gradually with the
introduction of
regenerated fibers
like rayon and later
on synthetic
fibers like nylon and
polyester reduced
monopoly of natural
fibers.

9. It also created a competition for new and
unique fibers and fiber development.

10. • Textile fiber is the basic and principle raw
materials to produce various types of textile
finished products.
“A fiber that can be spun into yarn or
processed into textile such as a woven
fabric, knit fabric, lace, felt, non-woven
etc by means of an appropriate
interlacing method is called as textile
fiber”.