Edison invented the first commercially successful incandescent light bulb in 1879. India's electricity generation capacity has grown tremendously from 1362 MW in 1947 to over 330,000 MW currently. Coal remains the primary source of electricity in India, accounting for over 58% of generation. India faces ongoing challenges in meeting rising electricity demand while transitioning to more renewable and sustainable sources of power.

1. Introduction to Power
Plants
Endsem-70 P.A.-30
ESE - 25 P.A. - 25

2. After many experiments, first with carbon filaments and then
with platinum and other metals, Edison returned to a carbon
filament. The first successful test was on October 22,1879, it
lasted 13.5 hours.Edison continued to improve this design
and on November 4, 1879, filed for U.S. patent 223,898
(granted on January 27, 1880) for an electric lamp using "a
carbon filament or strip coiled and connected to platina
contact wires".This was the first commercially practical
incandescent light.

5. Energy consumption as
measure of prosperity
a) Commercial energy sources
b) Non commercial energy sources
Energy and power
Power kW
Energy kWh

6. • Electrical energy is most useful form of energy because it can be most
conveniently transformed into other forms of energy like heat light,
mechanical energy that we require in our day to day life.
• But electricity is not readily available and is required to be produced
(generated) in a factory called power station.
• Like any other manufacturing process, the production (generation) of
electricity also need some cost to be incurred - Plants and Equipment, Inputs
(water, fuel etc.), Ash smoke disposal systems, Personnel
• Cost of Transmission and Distribution to the large number of consumers of
various categories (viz. domestic, commercial, industrial, agricultural etc.)
• All these costs when added together constitutes the total cost of electricity
which in the consumers have to share according to the quantum 9of electricity
consumed taking into account the nature and time of use of electricity by
each category of consumers.

7. • The question is how this cost of electricity is to determined in a transparent manner.
• Some standard principles have been evolved through ages of un & sell ofelectricity
become more and more complicated.
• Methods of calculation of cost of generation of electricity in a Thermal Power station in
terms of these basic principles.
• Cost of Electricity has two components – Fixed Cost and Variable Cost
The basic difference between power and energy –
Power –
It is the capacity to Generate or consume electricity. The term “Power” specifies the
capacity of generation or consumption in terms of Kilowatt (KW) or Megawatt (MW). One
Megawatt as we know in one thousand Kilowatt.
Energy –
It is the Power Generated or Consumed by utilizing the capacity for a duration of time. It one
kilowatt Power has been generated or distributed continuously for one hour, it is said that an
energy of One Kilowatt hour has been generated or used. Similarly if Five kilowatt of Power is
generated or consumed for Two hours, an energy of 10 ( = 51X0 2) kilowatt hour has been
generated or consumed and so on.

8. Types of energy
Renewable
Non renewable

10. Coal: 192,971.5 MW (58.3%)
Large Hydro: 44,963.42 MW (13.6%)
Small Hydro: 4,389.55 MW (1.3%)
Wind Power: 32,700.64 MW (9.9%)
Solar Power: 14,771.69 MW (4.5%)
Biomass: 8,295.78 MW (2.5%)
Nuclear: 6,780 MW (2.0%)
Gas: 25,150.38 MW (7.6%)
Diesel: 837.63 MW (0.3%)
India energy consumption
330000 MW India
330 GW

12. •The first demonstration of an electric
light in Calcutta (now Kolkata) was
conducted on 24 July 1879 .
•India began utilizing grid management
on a regional basis in the 1960s
• India’s capacity 330 GW (2017)
• Maharashtra, Western India.[1] With a
total generation of 10,737 MW, it is the
second largest power producing company
in India

13. Year India
electricity
production
1947 1362 MW
2016 326840 MW
2018 340000 MW

14. As of December 2010, the installed power generation capacityof
India stood at 169 GW and is trying to add another 78 GW by
2012. 330 GW by 2016, The demand for electricity is expected to
be about 1,000 GW by 2030.

15. Per capita consumption is also indicator of growth

18. India has one National Grid with an installed capacityof
Share of fossil energy 66.2%
Share of renewable energy 31.8%
GHG emissions from electricity generation (2015)
2066.01MtCO2
[2]
Average electricity use (2016-17) 1,122 kWh per capita
Transmission & Distribution losses (2015-16) 21.81
%Residential consumption = 24.32%[3]
Industrial consumption = 40.01%[3]
Agriculture consumption = 18.33%[3]
Commercial consumption = 9.22%[3]
Services
Share of private sector in generation 44% (October 17)

19. Maharashtra:
Thermal power plant Operational
1.Chandrapur Super Thermal Power Station - 3340 MW.
2.Koradi Thermal Power Station - 620 MW
3.Khaparkheda Thermal Power Station - 1340 MW
4.Bhusawal Thermal Power Station - 1420 MW
5.Nashik Thermal Power Station - 630 MW
6.Parli Thermal Power Station - 1130 MW
7.Paras Thermal Power Station - 500 MW
Planned / Under Development
Chandrapur Super Thermal Power Station Project U-8,9 - 2 X 500MW
Koradi Thermal Power Station Project U-8,9,10 - 3 X 660MW[5]
Parli Thermal Power Station Project U-8 - 1 X 250MW
Thermal Power Stations Gas based
Uran Gas Turbine Power Station - 4 X 108, 2 X 120 = 672 MW

20. Hydro Power Stations[edit]
Bhatghar- Dam
Bhatsa
Bhira - 80 MW
Dimbhe Dam
Ghatghar Pumped Storage Hydroelectric Power Plant - 250 MW
Kanher Dam
Koyna Hydroelectric Project - 1,956 MW
Manikdoh Dam
Panshet Dam
Pavana Dam
Surya Dam
Tillari Dam, Chandgad
Ujani Dam
Vaitarna Dam
Varasgaon Dam
Veer Dam
Warna Dam
Yeldari Dam

21. Coal: 984 billion tons , USA has 25.4 %, Russia 15.9 % China 11.6 % , India
8.9 %
Petroleum oil: global 1147 billion barrels ( 1 barrel = 160 liters) Saudi has 23
%
Gas: 176 trillion cubic meter, Russian has 27 %
World reserve will lost oil 45 years gas 65 years , coal 200 years
Global consumption : 9741 billion tones of oil equivalent (Mtoe)
Developing country energy growth rate is 2.7 %
Oil use is 39 %
Natural gas 2.2 % use
Coal predominant
Co2 emission increase is 1.9 %
1 metric ton coal = 0.41 Mtoe

22. India:
energy
India: 17 %
of
Type
y
Popula
India
tion consum
Total
e 3.5 % of
world
Used
energy
In
global
Will last World
will
Coal 58.3
%
92 billion
tones
662 million
tons /year,
imports 730
m t
8.6 % (4th
)
230
years
192
years
Oil 36% 763.48
million
tones
36 MTs 0.4 %
Top 10 in
world
82 %
imports
Gas 10% 1227.4
billion cu
m
31.90 BCM /
year
0.77
Nuclear
Power
2.4 70000 Mt 3310 MW

23. Power production scenario
MW Coal Gas Diesel Total Nucle
ar
Hydro RES
total
Grand
total
India 196097 24867 837 221802 6780 45487 72012 346082
Maha 26960 3512 0 30473 690 3331 8759 43254

25. • Electricity act 2003 private allowed
• Removed need of licenses for power generation
• Power plant having 1000 MW , no tax for 10
years
• Allowed 100 %FDI
• Selling bulk power to grid
• Less import duty for 1000 MW and more plant
equipment
• 40 % by private sector

26. • National thermal power corporation (NTPC)
established in 1975
• 45 % share in production and distribution
• Rural electrification corporation : some sate
100% (REC)
• Nuclear power corporation : it was se up in
1987 target 20000MW (NCP)
• National hydro power corporation (NHPC)
• Power grid corporation of India (PGCI)
• State Electricity Boards (SEB’s) :18

27. ➢During power shortage , some dispensable appliances are switched
off except the essential services like water supply and streetlighting
➢This cause minor in convenience to consumer
➢Load shedding can also be done on the entire system
simultaneously or on different parts of the network in the cityin
rotation
➢In case of industries if load increases above certainmaximum
demand circuit breaker switch off power which is installed at
company premises .
➢In case of more load, few non necessary equipment can beswitch
off.