Here You will get about the basic things of Ocean what is related to Geography student named Oceanography.

1. Introduction to
Oceanography
MD. Naimur Rahman Khan
Dept. of Geography & Environment
47th Batch
Secession: 2017-2018
Savar, Bangladesh
Khan.47@geograhy-juniv.edu.bd

2. Oceanography
• “The application of science to the study of
phenomena in the oceans”.
• Study of the ocean, its surroundings, and life
within it.
• Oceanography is a broad Science

3. Why Study Oceanography?
• Oceans comprise 71% of the Earth’s surface
• Oceans contain 97.2% of the water on or near the Earth’s surface
• Source of Food
• Transportation and Travel
• Weather
• Shoreline
• Interface between land and ocean

4. 1.Pacific
2.Atlantic
3.Indian
4.Arctic
5.Southern or
Antarctic Ocean
The five principal oceans

5. Indian
Southern or Antarctic
Artic
Pacific
Atlantic

6. Ocean Area (square miles) Average Depth (ft) Deepest depth
Pacific
Ocean
64,186,000 15,215 Mariana Trench, 36,20
Atlantic
Ocean
33,420,000 12,881 Puerto Rico Trench, 28,
Indian
Ocean
28,350,000 13,002 Java Trench, 25,344
Southern
Ocean
7,848,300 sq. miles
(20.327 million sq km )
13,100 - 16,400 ft deep
(4,000 to 5,000 meters)
the southern end of the So
Trench, 23,736 ft (7,23
Arctic
Ocean
5,106,000 3,953 Eurasia Basin, 17,881
Comparison of Oceans Size

7. The Seven Seas?

9. 4 Disciplines
• Geological Oceanography
• Structure of the sea floor
• Chemical Oceanography
• Chemical composition and properties of seawater
• Physical Oceanography
• Waves, tides, currents
• Biological Oceanography
• Oceanic life forms

10. The 5 Oceans
• Pacific Ocean
• Largest and deepest ocean
• Mariana Trench: 11 km., 36,000 ft.
• (Mt. Everest 29,000 ft.)
• Atlantic Ocean
• About ½ the size of the Pacific
• Indian Ocean
• Southern hemisphere
• Arctic Ocean
• ¼ as deep, much smaller, sea ice
• Southern Ocean
• South of 50 deg. South latitude

11. Historical Review
of Oceanography
• Roots traced to ocean exploration.
• Describing the oceans

12. Physical Oceanography
How and why ocean currents flow,
air-sea interactions such as the
generation of waves by wind.

13. Chemical Oceanography
Composition of sea water and the
processing controlling and altering its
composition, including marine pollution

14. Organisms that live in the ocean and
their relationship to the environment
Biological Oceanography

15. Study of rock structure in the ocean
basin, properties of rocks such as
magnetism, occurrence of earthquakes.
Geological Oceanography

16. Design and installation of oceanographic
instrumentation and vehicles
Ocean Engineering

17. NOAA Weather
Buoy/ Tsunami
Global/Local Monitoring
Chlorophyll

18. Disciplinary Connections
BIOLOGY
BIOCHEMISTRY
OCEANOGRAPHY
PHYSICS
GEOLOGY
CHEMISTRY
GEOPHYSICS
BIOPHYSICS
GEOCHEMISTRY

19. Average depth of ocean- 4000m
Average temperature- 39oF (3.9oC)
Age of ocean- 4 billion years old

20. Covers 71% of the Earth’s surface

21. • collected thousands of biological and sea
bottom samples
• traveled in every ocean except arctic
• cruise directed by Charles Wyville Thompson
• 362 stations, 715 new genera, 5000 new
species
• discovered Mariana
Trench and Mindarniad
(34,000 ft deep)
Voyage of the HMS Challenger (1872-1876)