This document introduces various network applications and network services. It discusses how common applications like web browsers, email clients, instant messengers, and others access remote resources through servers. Network applications allow users to communicate, work, study, and entertain themselves in new ways due to instant access provided by networks. Examples are provided of both network applications and the servers that provide various services to clients.
The document discusses various types of network servers and their functions. It describes client-server and peer-to-peer network models. It also explains the roles of different servers like file servers, print servers, mail servers, database servers, and more. Network services like DNS, DHCP, and WINS are also summarized.
What is a network?
Need for networking
Components of Network
Types of Network
Evolution of Networking
Communication media
Data Communication Terminologies
Switching Techniques
Digital and Analog Transmission
Network Topology
Network Devices
Communication Protocols
Wireless/Mobile Computing
This document defines and describes the basic components of a computer network. It explains that a network interface card formats and sends/receives data between connected nodes. A hub connects all computers in a network, while a switch uses addresses to route requests to specific servers. Servers run operating systems and store shared data, with file servers storing files and printer servers managing printers. Clients can send and receive data from other network computers. A modem converts signals between a landline and the Internet. A router directs data from the modem to connected devices like computers, using cables or wireless connections.
What is Computer Network? What is Networking? Application of Networks. Network criteria. Types of Network. LAN, MAN, WAN, Workstation, Workgroup, Domain.
P2P networks allow computers to share resources without a centralized server by directly connecting peers in a decentralized manner. Peers act as both suppliers and consumers of resources with access rights governed by individual machine permissions. Popular examples of P2P systems include file sharing apps like Napster and BitTorrent as well as voice chat services like Skype. While P2P networks provide advantages like low costs and ease of use, they can also be less secure and introduce challenges in maintaining version control and duplicates.
I have discussed about the common problem of network issues of a computer . How we can find out what is the bug on our network wizerd and what should we do for that perticular problem . I also discussed about the physical hardware problem and how to find out what the problem is and what is the way to find the solution for it . If you think for a problem that i am finished or my machine is finished it is your foolishness . So you can read my slides and can find out the problem and their solution .
The document discusses various types of network servers and their functions. It describes client-server and peer-to-peer network models. It also explains the roles of different servers like file servers, print servers, mail servers, database servers, and more. Network services like DNS, DHCP, and WINS are also summarized.
What is a network?
Need for networking
Components of Network
Types of Network
Evolution of Networking
Communication media
Data Communication Terminologies
Switching Techniques
Digital and Analog Transmission
Network Topology
Network Devices
Communication Protocols
Wireless/Mobile Computing
This document defines and describes the basic components of a computer network. It explains that a network interface card formats and sends/receives data between connected nodes. A hub connects all computers in a network, while a switch uses addresses to route requests to specific servers. Servers run operating systems and store shared data, with file servers storing files and printer servers managing printers. Clients can send and receive data from other network computers. A modem converts signals between a landline and the Internet. A router directs data from the modem to connected devices like computers, using cables or wireless connections.
What is Computer Network? What is Networking? Application of Networks. Network criteria. Types of Network. LAN, MAN, WAN, Workstation, Workgroup, Domain.
P2P networks allow computers to share resources without a centralized server by directly connecting peers in a decentralized manner. Peers act as both suppliers and consumers of resources with access rights governed by individual machine permissions. Popular examples of P2P systems include file sharing apps like Napster and BitTorrent as well as voice chat services like Skype. While P2P networks provide advantages like low costs and ease of use, they can also be less secure and introduce challenges in maintaining version control and duplicates.
I have discussed about the common problem of network issues of a computer . How we can find out what is the bug on our network wizerd and what should we do for that perticular problem . I also discussed about the physical hardware problem and how to find out what the problem is and what is the way to find the solution for it . If you think for a problem that i am finished or my machine is finished it is your foolishness . So you can read my slides and can find out the problem and their solution .
Slide deck from our Basics of Computer Networking webinar lead by instructor Daniel Cummins. Networks are as different as the people and organizations that use them. Despite those differences, there are some foundational components that all networks share. Explore different types of networks and the common components that must exist in these networks. Learn more about TCP/IP, the protocol suite that connects the whole world together and look at the ways in which we connect to the world via the Internet. Topics covered include network components, network types, and network protocols. For more information on networking training, visit https://ter.li/37zcnu
#network #types of network
COMPUTER NETWORKING FUNDAMENTALS
SLIDE PPT CONSIST OF
definition,its components,advantages,Disadvantages,switching techniques,network architectures, and Types of Networks.
If you are interested in computer networking and more topics related to computers.
Must watch my youtube channel TECHISEASY
Chapter 1 introduction to computer networksViku1985
The document introduces computer networks and their types, including LAN, CAN, MAN and WAN. It describes client/server configuration and the 7-layer OSI model. It also covers network selection criteria and standards organizations that develop network standards. Case studies provide examples of using different network types in business scenarios.
This document discusses various methods and tools for managing a Windows Server 2003 environment, including the Microsoft Management Console (MMC), Remote Desktop for Administration, Terminal Services, and delegating administrative permissions in Active Directory. Specific activities outlined include enabling Remote Desktop, installing and configuring Terminal Services, exploring user account settings and permissions, and delegating control of Active Directory objects.
A computer network is defined as the interconnection of two or more computers. It is done to enable the computers to communicate and share available resources.
Components of computer network
Network benefits
Disadvantages of computer network
Classification by their geographical area
Network classification by their component role
Types of servers
Network components include nodes, links, clients, servers, and other devices that connect and allow communication between systems. Key components discussed include network interface cards, hubs, bridges, routers, switches, gateways, and wireless devices. Various media are used to physically transmit data between nodes on a network.
This document provides an introduction to networking. It defines a network as a group of connected computers and devices that allows users to share resources. Networks enable collaboration and data sharing between multiple users. The document outlines different types of networks including local area networks (LANs), metropolitan area networks (MANs), and wide area networks (WANs). It distinguishes between peer-to-peer and client-server network models. Intranets are also discussed as private networks internal to an organization that use the same protocols as the public Internet but have restricted access.
A computer network allows devices to connect and exchange data either through cables or wirelessly. Network nodes include devices that originate, route, and terminate data transmission like servers, personal computers, and networking hardware. Different types of computer networks exist like personal area networks for communication among nearby devices, local area networks for connecting devices within a home or office, and wide area networks for linking local and metropolitan networks across broad areas.
The document discusses various common network services including domain name servers (DNS), remote access services like SSH and Telnet, file transfer services like FTP and TFTP, email services using SMTP, POP and IMAP, and streaming services. It describes the client-server and peer-to-peer architectures used by these services and provides details on protocols, components, and how many of the services work at a high level.
IP addressing and subnetting allows networks to be logically organized and divided. The key objectives covered include explaining IP address classes, configuring addresses, subnetting networks, and advanced concepts like CIDR, summarization, and VLSM. Transitioning to IPv6 is also discussed as a way to address the depletion of IPv4 addresses and improve security.
This document outlines a project on client-server communication for a computer networks course. It includes sections on literature review, types of networks, peer-to-peer and client-server modes, the client and server models, data flow diagrams, how client-server communication works, future applications, advantages like centralized access control, and limitations such as single point of failure if the server crashes. The conclusion indicates the project on client-server communication was successfully completed.
The presentation layer is responsible for data representation, compression, encryption and formatting for transmission between applications. It encodes application data into messages and decodes received messages. Common data representations include ASN.1 and XDR. Lossy and lossless compression techniques are used to reduce file sizes. Encryption transforms plaintext into ciphertext using keys to protect confidentiality during transmission.
A computer network connects computers and devices together through communication devices and transmission media. It allows sharing of resources like printers, files, data and information. There are three main types of networks - local area networks (LANs) within a small geographical area, metropolitan area networks (MANs) within a city, and wide area networks (WANs) across large areas like countries. Network architecture refers to the overall design of a computer network and describes how it is configured and what strategies are used. The two main architectures are client/server, where a server provides services to clients, and peer-to-peer where all computers have equal capabilities without a central server.
Network reference models were developed to address challenges with interconnecting networks from different manufacturers. The models serve as a blueprint detailing how communication should occur between network devices. The two most recognized models are the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model and the Department of Defense (DoD) model. Both models organize networking functions into layers, with protocols governing communication between layers.
System Administration: Introduction to system administrationKhang-Ling Loh
This document provides an overview of system administration, including the knowledge and skills required, typical duties, and various professional certification programs. System administration involves maintaining and operating computer systems and networks, with duties like monitoring security, managing user accounts, performing backups, and troubleshooting issues. Key knowledge areas include operating systems, applications, hardware/software troubleshooting, networking, security, programming, problem solving, and teamwork. Popular certification programs discussed are Linux Professional Institute (LPI), Ubuntu, Oracle, Solaris, IBM, HP, and Cisco, with information on exam requirements and costs.
DHCP is a protocol that dynamically assigns IP addresses and other network configuration parameters to devices on a network. It uses a client-server model where DHCP clients make requests to DHCP servers which maintain pools of addresses. A DHCP client will broadcast requests at initialization and use a 4-step process to get an address assigned. It will later enter renewal states to extend its lease before initialization again if needed. This allows for efficient dynamic allocation and management of IP addresses on a network.
This document introduces common network applications such as web browsers, email clients, instant messengers, and their associated network services. It explains that network applications act as clients that request services from remote servers in order to access information over the internet. Examples are provided of popular applications and the server-based network services they communicate with, such as web servers, mail servers, and instant messaging servers.
The World Wide Web is the most popular part of the Internet by far. The Web allows rich and diverse communication by displaying text, graphics, animation, photos, sound and video. The Web physically consists of your personal computer, web browser software, a connection to an Internet Service Provider, computers called servers that host digital data, and routers and switches to direct the flow of information.
Slide deck from our Basics of Computer Networking webinar lead by instructor Daniel Cummins. Networks are as different as the people and organizations that use them. Despite those differences, there are some foundational components that all networks share. Explore different types of networks and the common components that must exist in these networks. Learn more about TCP/IP, the protocol suite that connects the whole world together and look at the ways in which we connect to the world via the Internet. Topics covered include network components, network types, and network protocols. For more information on networking training, visit https://ter.li/37zcnu
#network #types of network
COMPUTER NETWORKING FUNDAMENTALS
SLIDE PPT CONSIST OF
definition,its components,advantages,Disadvantages,switching techniques,network architectures, and Types of Networks.
If you are interested in computer networking and more topics related to computers.
Must watch my youtube channel TECHISEASY
Chapter 1 introduction to computer networksViku1985
The document introduces computer networks and their types, including LAN, CAN, MAN and WAN. It describes client/server configuration and the 7-layer OSI model. It also covers network selection criteria and standards organizations that develop network standards. Case studies provide examples of using different network types in business scenarios.
This document discusses various methods and tools for managing a Windows Server 2003 environment, including the Microsoft Management Console (MMC), Remote Desktop for Administration, Terminal Services, and delegating administrative permissions in Active Directory. Specific activities outlined include enabling Remote Desktop, installing and configuring Terminal Services, exploring user account settings and permissions, and delegating control of Active Directory objects.
A computer network is defined as the interconnection of two or more computers. It is done to enable the computers to communicate and share available resources.
Components of computer network
Network benefits
Disadvantages of computer network
Classification by their geographical area
Network classification by their component role
Types of servers
Network components include nodes, links, clients, servers, and other devices that connect and allow communication between systems. Key components discussed include network interface cards, hubs, bridges, routers, switches, gateways, and wireless devices. Various media are used to physically transmit data between nodes on a network.
This document provides an introduction to networking. It defines a network as a group of connected computers and devices that allows users to share resources. Networks enable collaboration and data sharing between multiple users. The document outlines different types of networks including local area networks (LANs), metropolitan area networks (MANs), and wide area networks (WANs). It distinguishes between peer-to-peer and client-server network models. Intranets are also discussed as private networks internal to an organization that use the same protocols as the public Internet but have restricted access.
A computer network allows devices to connect and exchange data either through cables or wirelessly. Network nodes include devices that originate, route, and terminate data transmission like servers, personal computers, and networking hardware. Different types of computer networks exist like personal area networks for communication among nearby devices, local area networks for connecting devices within a home or office, and wide area networks for linking local and metropolitan networks across broad areas.
The document discusses various common network services including domain name servers (DNS), remote access services like SSH and Telnet, file transfer services like FTP and TFTP, email services using SMTP, POP and IMAP, and streaming services. It describes the client-server and peer-to-peer architectures used by these services and provides details on protocols, components, and how many of the services work at a high level.
IP addressing and subnetting allows networks to be logically organized and divided. The key objectives covered include explaining IP address classes, configuring addresses, subnetting networks, and advanced concepts like CIDR, summarization, and VLSM. Transitioning to IPv6 is also discussed as a way to address the depletion of IPv4 addresses and improve security.
This document outlines a project on client-server communication for a computer networks course. It includes sections on literature review, types of networks, peer-to-peer and client-server modes, the client and server models, data flow diagrams, how client-server communication works, future applications, advantages like centralized access control, and limitations such as single point of failure if the server crashes. The conclusion indicates the project on client-server communication was successfully completed.
The presentation layer is responsible for data representation, compression, encryption and formatting for transmission between applications. It encodes application data into messages and decodes received messages. Common data representations include ASN.1 and XDR. Lossy and lossless compression techniques are used to reduce file sizes. Encryption transforms plaintext into ciphertext using keys to protect confidentiality during transmission.
A computer network connects computers and devices together through communication devices and transmission media. It allows sharing of resources like printers, files, data and information. There are three main types of networks - local area networks (LANs) within a small geographical area, metropolitan area networks (MANs) within a city, and wide area networks (WANs) across large areas like countries. Network architecture refers to the overall design of a computer network and describes how it is configured and what strategies are used. The two main architectures are client/server, where a server provides services to clients, and peer-to-peer where all computers have equal capabilities without a central server.
Network reference models were developed to address challenges with interconnecting networks from different manufacturers. The models serve as a blueprint detailing how communication should occur between network devices. The two most recognized models are the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model and the Department of Defense (DoD) model. Both models organize networking functions into layers, with protocols governing communication between layers.
System Administration: Introduction to system administrationKhang-Ling Loh
This document provides an overview of system administration, including the knowledge and skills required, typical duties, and various professional certification programs. System administration involves maintaining and operating computer systems and networks, with duties like monitoring security, managing user accounts, performing backups, and troubleshooting issues. Key knowledge areas include operating systems, applications, hardware/software troubleshooting, networking, security, programming, problem solving, and teamwork. Popular certification programs discussed are Linux Professional Institute (LPI), Ubuntu, Oracle, Solaris, IBM, HP, and Cisco, with information on exam requirements and costs.
DHCP is a protocol that dynamically assigns IP addresses and other network configuration parameters to devices on a network. It uses a client-server model where DHCP clients make requests to DHCP servers which maintain pools of addresses. A DHCP client will broadcast requests at initialization and use a 4-step process to get an address assigned. It will later enter renewal states to extend its lease before initialization again if needed. This allows for efficient dynamic allocation and management of IP addresses on a network.
This document introduces common network applications such as web browsers, email clients, instant messengers, and their associated network services. It explains that network applications act as clients that request services from remote servers in order to access information over the internet. Examples are provided of popular applications and the server-based network services they communicate with, such as web servers, mail servers, and instant messaging servers.
The World Wide Web is the most popular part of the Internet by far. The Web allows rich and diverse communication by displaying text, graphics, animation, photos, sound and video. The Web physically consists of your personal computer, web browser software, a connection to an Internet Service Provider, computers called servers that host digital data, and routers and switches to direct the flow of information.
The document provides information on how the internet works including:
- The World Wide Web is one component of the internet that allows for rich communication through text, graphics, sound and video. It consists of computers, browsers, internet connections, servers, and routers.
- Other internet components include email, FTP, Usenet news, telnet, chat/instant messaging, and HTTP.
- The World Wide Web uses hypertext and hyperlinks to provide non-linear browsing of graphical and interactive web pages through browsers and servers.
The document provides an overview of operating systems and applications software. It discusses how operating systems control computer resources and enable the running of applications. Common desktop operating systems include Windows, Mac OS, Linux, and Unix. The document also summarizes different types of applications software like word processors, spreadsheets, databases, presentations, and internet browsers. It briefly outlines mobile apps, software licenses, and computer networking concepts.
A computer is an electronic device that processes data through both hardware and software. Hardware refers to physical components like the system unit, monitor, keyboard, and mouse. Software includes operating systems, applications, and utilities. Common applications include programs from Microsoft like Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook, and Internet Explorer. Utilities help optimize, maintain, and secure the computer and include antivirus software, backup utilities, and file compression tools. The Internet is a global network connecting millions of computers through transmission protocols. It allows sharing of resources between servers that store information and clients that access it through browsers using URLs and HTML documents.
18CS52 VTU Computer Network & Security
MODULE 1-Part 1
Principles of Network Applications: Network Application Architectures, Processes Communicating, Transport Services Available to Applications, Transport Services Provided by the Internet, Application-Layer Protocols. The Web and HTTP: Overview of HTTP, Non-persistent and Persistent Connections, HTTP Message Format, User-Server Interaction: Cookies, Web Caching, The Conditional GET, File Transfer: FTP Commands & Replies, Electronic Mail in the Internet: SMTP, Comparison with HTTP, Mail Message Format, Mail Access Protocols
History of Internet and advantages of internetTallat Satti
Internet,History of Internet,Terminologies,Advantages and Disadvantages of Internet.E-mail
File Transfer Protocol
Telnet
Other Services
Newsgroups
Chat services
Social networking
E-shopping
Moreover blogs and video conferencing.
4G,5G connection.
This document discusses principles of network applications. It describes how network applications involve programs running on different end systems that communicate over a network. It provides examples of the browser and web server communicating in a web application, and programs sharing files in a P2P system. The document outlines that when developing a new application, software must be written to run on multiple end systems, and can be written in languages like C, Java or Python. It also describes processes communicating by exchanging messages, and different network application architectures like client-server and peer-to-peer.
1. The document discusses various topics related to living online including networks, the internet, email, and using the internet. It defines what a network is and describes different types of networks like LAN, MAN, WAN, intranet, and extranet.
2. It also discusses internet service providers, electronic mail including advantages of email and how to use Microsoft Outlook Express for sending, receiving, and managing emails.
3. The document also covers topics like how to connect to the internet using hardware like modems and network cards, and software like browsers and protocols. It also discusses finding information on the web using search engines and narrowing search results.
CS101- Introduction to Computing- Lecture 30Bilal Ahmed
This document provides an overview of various internet services including FTP, Telnet, the World Wide Web, email, instant messaging, and VoIP. It begins with an introduction to internet addressing using IP addresses and domain names. It then explains how each service works at a high level, covering topics like how files are transferred using FTP, how browsing the web works, how email is sent and received, how instant messaging allows for real-time communication, and how voice calls can be made over the internet. The goal is to familiarize students with the key internet services and underlying addressing scheme.
The document discusses the key components and applications of the internet. It begins by defining the internet as a global network of billions of computers and electronic devices. It then describes different types of computer networks like local area networks (LANs), metropolitan area networks (MANs), and wide area networks (WANs). The rest of the document explains how internet access works through methods such as dial-up, DSL, cable, satellite, and wireless. It also outlines common internet applications for communication, file transfers, searching, chatting, video conferencing, e-commerce, and more.
The document discusses different types of computer networks including local area networks (LAN), personal area networks (PAN), metropolitan area networks (MAN), and wide area networks (WAN). It provides examples and comparisons of each type of network, noting that LANs connect computers within an office or building, PANs connect devices near a person using wireless technologies like Bluetooth, MANs connect computers within a larger region like a city, and WANs connect computers across large geographical distances using telecommunication lines. The document also provides conceptual diagrams to illustrate each type of network.
A network operating system (NOS) provides services to clients over a network, enabling file sharing, printing, and application access. It handles typical network duties like remote access, routing, security, and administration. Well-known NOSes include Windows Server, Linux, and Mac OS X. In a client-server network, servers run the NOS to provide centralized resources to client computers running other operating systems. Common server types are file servers, print servers, mail servers, application servers, and database servers.
Internet and web by Gulshan K Maheshwari(QAU)GulshanKumar368
The document provides an overview of the history and development of the internet and world wide web. It discusses how Tim Berners-Lee first developed the idea for a hypertext-based information system in 1989 while working at CERN. It then outlines the development of key technologies and protocols that led to the creation of the internet, including ARPANET, TCP/IP, domain name addressing, HTML, and HTTP. The document also distinguishes between related terms like the internet, intranets, and the world wide web.
This document provides an overview of networking fundamentals including defining computer networks, types of networks like peer-to-peer and client/server, local and wide area networks, network interface cards, physical components like cabling and devices, and network architectures like Ethernet and Token Ring. Key points covered include how networks allow file sharing, printing, and communication between devices, examples of networking media and common devices, and standards for networking protocols and architectures.
The document provides an overview of how the internet works by discussing:
- The internet was created by ARPA and the US Department of Defense and uses interconnected networks to transmit data even if parts fail.
- It uses protocols like TCP/IP to allow all computers to communicate and transmit data in packets across networks using IP addresses and domains.
- Popular internet features include the World Wide Web, email, file transfer, and chat which allow sharing of different file types and communication between users globally.
This document provides an overview of basic network concepts. It defines what a network is and describes the hardware and software used to build networks. It explains the roles of servers, workstations, and hosts and discusses peer-to-peer versus server-based networks. Specific network types like LANs, WANs, and MANs are defined. The document also covers topics like internet, intranet, and extranet applications as well as network topologies.
This document provides an overview of basic networking concepts, digital information resources, and effective searching strategies. It begins with an introduction to networking basics like communication models and different types of networks. It then discusses internet mechanics including how data is transmitted and important protocols. Different digital information resources are explained such as search engines, libraries, and social bookmarking. Effective search techniques using boolean operators and search customization are also covered. The document aims to explain fundamental networking and information literacy concepts.
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7. Internet & Daily Life
• When you access the Internet, do you use the
following applications?
– Google Chrome, Firefox,
– Google Mail, Hotmail, Yahoo Mail,
– Yahoo Messenger, MSN Messenger, Skype
– Facebook,
– Online games
– and others….
• Since these applications require the access to the
Internet, we refer these applications as network
applications.
8. Google’s Google Chrome
• Perhaps, the most frequently
used network application in your
daily life is Google Chrome.
• You use Google Chrome to
– Check your Hotmail or Google Mail.
– Reading news (e.g. cnn.com)
– Access to Facebook
– Downloading movies, games, etc…
• In fact, Google Chrome is
categorically called a Web
Browser.
9. Web Browser
• By definition:
– A web browser is a network application for retrieving, presenting, and
traversing information resources on the World Wide Web.
• The following network applications (web browsers) do the
same thing as Internet Explorer:
– Internet
Explorer
– Mozilla Firefox
– Netscape
– Opera
– Safari
– Camino
– Konqueror
– and others….
Netscape 2.0
is The browser that
make the Internet or
World Wide Web
into a global
phenomena back in
1996.
12. Instant Messaging
• Another popular network application beside the web
browsers is Instant Messaging.
• Instant messaging (IM) is a form of real-time direct text-
based communication between two or more people using
personal computers (PCs) or other devices.
– More advanced instant messaging software also allow live
voice or video calling.
• Some of the popular instant messaging software:
– WeChat
– Skype
– Windows Live Messenger
– Yahoo! Messenger
– Google Talk
– Facebook
– Telegram
14. Email
• For all business activities via the Internet, any
network manager will tell you that the Email is
the most important network application.
• Email remains as the oldest and still the most
frequently used network communications in
the Internet.
16. Other Network Applications
• Besides Web Browser, Instant Messaging & Email,
there are other network applications that do:
– File transfer
• (Ws_FTP, Free Download Manager)
– Remote login
• (PuTTY, Terra Term)
– Accessing remote database
• (SQuirreL SQL Client )
– Internet Relay Chat
• (mIRC)
– and other …
21. Question
• What do all these network applications have
in common?
– What common features do all these network
application share?
22. Answer
• In general, these network applications share a
common feature among themselves, which is
accessing some form of remote information or
resources. For example:
– Firefox is accessing a web site for web pages.
– Outlook is retrieving emails for a “inbox”
– Skype has to gain access to your “list of friends” via login.
– Download Managers are used to download movies from
some “file sites.”
– Play online games “Dota 2” via a “networked game
world”.
– Remote = located far away from you
• These network applications can be technically
called as network client software.
23. Network Client Software
• The main function of network client software is to access the
resource/information in the network/Internet known as
network services.
– All these so-called “network services” are located “somewhere” in the
network or Internet.
• Do you know or care where is www.cnn.com or www.help.edu.my?
– Network client software CAN’T exist WITHOUT network services.
• Network clients have to talk to network services.
– Client-server HAVE to work in pair.
• Known as client-server communication, which is 99% of today’s Internet
traffic.
– Client software can’t communicate with other client software.
• You can’t use Web browser to talk directly to another browser.
• Instant messaging has to communicate via a server.
• Like all software applications, all network client software
come in two forms:
– Command-line & GUI (graphic-user interface)
24. Clients in a Simple Network
• Visually, clients are PCs/workstations, linked to a connectivity
device, which forms a network, accessing to remote resources or
information in a server, as shown in the following network diagram.
26. Clients & Workstation
• client
– A computer on the network that requests resources or services
from another computer on a network.
– The term client may also refer to the user of a client workstation or
a client software application installed on the workstation.
• client/server architecture
– A network design in which clients (typically desktop or laptop
computers) use a centrally administered server to share data, data
storage space, and devices.
• client/server network
– A network that uses centrally administered computers, known as
servers, to enable resource sharing for and to facilitate
communication between the other computers on the network.
• workstation
– A computer that runs a desktop operating system and connects to a
network.
27. Networks, LAN, WAN &Internet
• network
– A group of computers and other devices (such as printers)
that are connected by and can exchange data via some type
of transmission media, such as a cable, a wire, or the
atmosphere.
• LAN (local area network)
– A network of computers and other devices that is confined to
a relatively small space, such as one building or even one
office.
• WAN (wide area network)
– A network that spans a long distance and connects two or
more LANs.
• Internet
– A complex WAN that connects LANs and clients around the
globe.
28. Review: Network Client Software in Your PC
• Web Browsing:
– Firefox, Internet Explorer, Opera
• E-mail:
– Outlook, Thunderbird
• Instant messaging:
– MSN Messenger, Skype, ICQ, MIRC
• Video and audio streaming:
– Real player, Window Media Player, iTune
• Internet telephone:
– Skype
• Real-time video conference
– Skype, live messager,
30. Network Services and Server
• Network services provide remote
software resources support to the
network clients
• Network services are normally reside
in network servers.
– Network services = software
– Network servers = hardware (PC)
• Clients of different operating systems
(MAC or Windows) access the same
services of the same server
– PC or MAC can read the same web page.
– Network services are “platform
independent”. (Linux or Windows or Sun)
• Network is the “middle-man” that give
communication links between servers
and clients.
31. Data and Information Servers inyour life
• When you read cnn.com,
– you’re communicating with a web server.
• When you read your yahoo.com mail,
– you’re communicating with a mail server (together with a web server).
• When you downloading files from Internet,
– you’re communicating with a file server.
• When you’re using msn, or skype, there is a server behind
“coordinating” your communication.
– When you login to a msn messenger, you’re communicating with a
Instant Messenger server. Through the server, you message is then
relayed your friend who is online.
• When you’re playing massively multiplayer online role-
playing game, MMORPG (e.g Perfect World)
– you’re communicating with a game server.
• When you’re watching on-line video (youtube)
– you’re communicating with a video streaming server.
32. Server and Client -1
• Server (Review)
– A computer on the network that
manages shared network resources.
– Usually a more powerful computer with
more RAM, Disk Space and
Processing Power
• usually but not necessary
• Client (Review)
– A computer on the network requests
services from another computer on a
network.
• Servers provide services
• Clients request services
• Servers runs on a different set of
software than the clients.
• 1 server (or PC) can provide many
services.
33. Client & Server - 2
• All client software communicate with server
– When you are using a web browser, your PC acts as a network client.
– Main task of client software is to “request” service from server
– Clients (web browser) get services (web pages) from servers (web sites).
• Client software don’t communicate with other client software directly.
• Client software communicate with other client software via servers
– Mail server, Instant Messenger server
• This type of servers acts as a “middle-man” between the clients.
– User of PC1 sends a mail to user of PC0 (stored in mail server)
– User of PC0 reads the mail at the mail server
34. Differences between Server &Client
• Servers normally runs 24 hours / 7 days.
• Clients are “normally” switched off once the users are gone.
• Servers runs “independently” once configured.
• Clients runs “dependently” with human users.
• Servers can have 1 monitor, 1 keyboard and 1 mouse connected to
multiple CPUs (coordinated via KVM switch)
• Clients have 1 (sometimes 2) monitor, 1 keyboard, and 1 mouse with 1
CPU.
• Server software always “listens”
• Client software sends “request” to server on demand.
• Lastly, servers and clients run on different set of software
• Server’s software normally runs in the “background”
35. Two Categories of Servers
• Data and Information Server
– Providing data and information
– Pure data server (web server, file server)
• When you just read and download only.
– “Middle-man” servers (email server, newsgroup server, instant messenger)
• When writing and uploading are involved
• Networking Server
– Helping out in the network
– The client side will normally be the operating system (e.g. Windows XP,
Linux)
– DNS server, DHCP server, print server
36. Some Common Servers
• Web Server (data and middle-man)
– Providing web pages
• Mail Server (data and middle-man)
– Storing and send emails
• File Server (data and middle-man)
– Downloading and uploading files
• Print Server (networking)
– Managing print queue jobs
• Database Server (data and middle-man)
– Providing necessary data to clients
• DNS Server [domain name server] (networking)
– Managing corresponding network address with domain name
• DHCP Server [dynamic hosts control protocol] (networking)
– Supply IP addresses to PCs with dynamic IP option
• Proxy Server (data and networking)
– Acts as an intermediary between external and internal networks,
screening all incoming and outgoing data traffic
• Newsgroup Server (data and middle-man)
– Managing newsgroup
37. Servers and KVM switch
• KVM switch =
– Keyboard, Video, Mouse
switch
• KVM switch is used to
connect multiple CPUs to
share 1 set of keyboard,
monitor and mouse.
– Cost saving to configure
servers (CPUs) with just 1
set of mouse, monitor &
keyboard.
– Save space too.
38. Server Software: XAMPP
• You can download it from
https://www.apachefriends.org/download.html
• Store your web page in assigned directory and start the
service
– Once you start the service, Apache runs at the “background”.
39. Some final notes onserver & client
• A server can be client at the same time.
– You install XAMPP package in your PC, configure it and store
your web page.
– You can still use your PC to surf the web (as long as you have the
web browser)
– Outsider access your web page at the “background” of PC
(meaning without your knowledge unless you check for it).
• A server can run different services at the same time. A
client PC can communicate with different servers (or
services) at the same time.
– You open Firefox, Outlook, Skype, while playing MMORPG
• However, A client program can normally talk to a type
network service at any given time.
– You open Firefox to access web page but not remote login.
– You open Firefox to access a file server but not a web server at the
same time.
40. Other terms in Client/Server Network
• Host
– A computer that enables resource sharing by other
computers on the same network
• Node
– A client, server, or other device that can
communicate over a network and that is identified
by a unique number, known as its network address
• Segment
– A part of a network. Usually, a segment is
composed of a group of nodes that use the same
communications channel for all their traffic.
42. True/False Questions
1. Server must run on better PC than client.
2. Client always listens to request.
3. A client PC can provide network services.
4. A Windows 10 laptop can be configured as both client and server.
5. Client program has to be run at the “foreground” interfacing with
human.
6. A web server can’t be a print server at the PC.
7. A client program can talk to multiple network services simutenously.
8. Client program can’t communicate with another similar client
program directly.
9. Server program normally runs at the background without much
interaction with user.
10. A dns server and a dhcp server have to be on different machine/PC.