The UN established eight Millennium Development Goals in 2000 that 193 member states committed to achieving by 2015: (1) eradicate extreme poverty and hunger; (2) achieve universal primary education; (3) promote gender equality; (4) reduce child mortality; (5) improve maternal health; (6) combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases; (7) ensure environmental sustainability; and (8) develop a global partnership for development. Progress has been made on some goals like reducing poverty and increasing access to clean water, but many countries will likely miss targets for reducing child and maternal mortality and combating diseases without accelerated efforts.

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The UN’s Millennium
Development Goals
Ana Moral and Ben Likis

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What are the Millennium Development
Goals?
 There are eight goals that the 193 member states of the UN
have committed to achieving by the year 2015:

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Millennium Development Goals
1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
2. Achieve universal primary education
3. Promote gender equality and empower women
4. Reduce child mortality rates
5. Improve maternal health
6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases
7. Ensure environmental sustainability
8. Develop a global partnership for development

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1. Eradicate extreme poverty and
hunger
 Halve the proportion of people living in poverty and
suffering from hunger
 World Bank identified 1.4 billion people living in extreme
poverty in 2008, down from 1.8 billion in 1990
 The number of individuals living off $1/day in Sub-Saharan
Africa increased by 100 million between 1990 and 2005

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2. Achieve universal primary education
 Since 2000, many developing countries have enrolled more
than 90% of children in primary education
 72 million primary school age children around the world –
nearly half in Sub-Saharan Africa – remain out of school

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3. Promote gender equality and
empower women
 Women’s presence in Sub-Saharan governments has doubled
from 9% (2000) to 18% (2009)
 Only 17% of parliamentary seats in developing countries are
held by women

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4. Reduce child mortality
 Reduce by 2/3 the under-five mortality rate
 Deaths among children under five have been reduced from
12.5 million per year in 1990 to 8.8 million in 2008
 Based on current trends, many countries are unlikely to
achieve the MDG health targets by 2015

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5. Improve maternal health
 Reduce the maternal mortality ratio by ¾, between 1990 and
2015
 In 2007, 61% of deliveries were attended by skilled health
workers (up from 53% in 1990)
 At current rate, the target of 120 or fewer deaths per 100,000
live births cannot be achieved

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6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and
other diseases
 To have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the spread of
HIV/AIDS and the incidence of malaria and other major
diseases
 Number of new HIV infections decreased 30% between 1996
and 2008, while the number of individuals in low- and
middle-income countries receiving HIV antiretroviral
treatment has increased by a factor of ten
 For every two people who start antiretroviral treatment, there
are five people newly infected with HIV

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7. Ensure environmental sustainability
 Halve the proportion of people without sustainable access to
safe drinking water and basic sanitation
 Current rates suggest the world will meet this target
 Rate of CO2 emissions has continued to grow with each
generation

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8. Develop a global partnership for
development
 Global cooperation on aid, trade, debt, access to affordable
essential medicines and technologies and addressing the
special needs of the least developed, landlocked and small
island states
 Improved telecommunications and access to information via
internet
 On average, people in developing countries pay more for the
cheapest generic medicines than people in the developed
world

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Assignment
 If you were able to work toward one of these Millennium
Development Goals, which would you choose and why?
(One paragraph)

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Works Cited
 The Millennium Development Goals: A Snapshot
 http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/mdg_snapshot_16mar.pdf