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Introduction to management
The document provides an overview of the history and evolution of management theories, beginning with early examples and the Industrial Revolution. It then discusses several classical approaches to management, including Scientific Management by Frederick Taylor, the work of Frank and Lillian Gilbreth on motion studies, and Henri Fayol's principles of management. Later sections cover quantitative approaches, total quality management, the behavioral school influenced by the Hawthorne Studies, systems theory, and contemporary management.
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Introduction to management
- 1. bilalAmjad ceo@attrayantdesigns.com Introduction COMSATS, Lahore Campus 1
- 2. Management History Early Management Examples The Wealth of Nations Industrial Revolution Classical Approach Scientific Management F.W Taylor Frank and Lillian Gilbreth General Administrative Theories Henri Fayol Max Weber COMSATS, Lahore Campus 2
- 3. History of Management Quantitative Approach Total Quality Management Behavioral Approach Contemporary Approach Systems Theory COMSATS, Lahore Campus 3
- 4. Scientific Management FrederickWinslow Taylor (Principles of Scientific Management) Scientific method/“one best way” to perform work. One Best Way “Place right person on the job with correct tools and equipment, had the worker follow the instructions exactly, and motivate the worker with appropriate economic incentive”. Develop science of each element of an individual’s work to replace old rule- of-thumb. Scientifically select & train, teach and develop the worker. Heartily cooperate with the worker so as to ensure that all work is done in accordance with the principles of the science that has been developed. Divide work and responsibility almost equally between management and workers. Management does all work for which it is better suited than the workers. COMSATS, Lahore Campus 4
- 5. The principlesof scientific management are still relevant today. In a software house…provide employees with proper hardware and software. Work standards must be clearly defined (what is expected from employee). Best performance comes when employee capability matches job requirements, “One Best Way.” COMSATS, Lahore Campus 5
- 6. Frank & LillianGilberth How excessive body movements can be eliminated to increase work efficiency. Tools and equipment for proper jobs. Microchronometer 17 body movements (Therbligs) COMSATS, Lahore Campus 6
- 7. Generally Administrative Theory Henri Fayol. Overall firm management Learning from personal experiences Challenges of securing resources, COMSATS, Lahore Campus 7
- 8. 14 Principles ofManagement Division of Labor Authority Discipline Unity of Command Unity of Direction Subordination of individual interests Remuneration Scalar chain Order Equity Stability of tenure of personnel Initiative Esprit de corps COMSATS, Lahore Campus 8
- 9. Bureaucracy Max Weber(German Sociologist) The management of large size organizations Division of Labor Clearly defined Hierarchy Details rules and regulations Impersonal relations COMSATS, Lahore Campus 9
- 10. Behavioral Approach Shiftof focus from machines to people The work place behavior of people is important The Hawthorne Studies Experiments at Western Electric Company Start of experiments 1924 Elton Mayo Level of lighting on worker productivity Control group vs Experiment group COMSATS, Lahore Campus 10
- 11. Quantitative Approach Useof quantitative methods in management practices The origins is at world war II (military to corporate) Use of statistics, optimization model, computer simulation, linear programing etc. The purpose is to increase efficiency. COMSATS, Lahore Campus 11